Fanling Wai
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Fanling Wai is a village in
Fanling Fanling ( zh, t=粉嶺; also spelled Fan Ling or Fan Leng) is a town in the New Territories East of Hong Kong. Administratively, it is part of the North District. Fanling Town is the main settlement of the Fanling area. The name Fanling is ...
, North District,
Hong Kong Hong Kong)., Legally Hong Kong, China in international treaties and organizations. is a special administrative region of China. With 7.5 million residents in a territory, Hong Kong is the fourth most densely populated region in the wor ...
, built by the Pang ()
Clan A clan is a group of people united by actual or perceived kinship and descent. Even if lineage details are unknown, a clan may claim descent from a founding member or apical ancestor who serves as a symbol of the clan's unity. Many societie ...
. It is composed of a
walled village A walled village () is a type of large traditional multi-family communal living structure found in China, that is designed to be easily defensible. It is completely surrounded by thick defensive walls, protecting the residents from the attack ...
and its two extensions: Ching Wai or Chung Wai ( or ) – the only walled hamlet of Fanling Wai and also the first hamlet to be built, Pak Wai (), and Nam Wai ().Historic Building Appraisal
Pang Ancestral Hall, Fanling Pak Wai, Fanling
/ref>


History

Fanling Wai is the centre of the Pang Clan, who arrived in Hong Kong during the
Southern Song dynasty The Song dynasty ( ) was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 960 to 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song, who usurped the throne of the Later Zhou dynasty and went on to conquer the rest of the Ten Kingdoms, endin ...
(1127-1279). The ''wai'' (walled village) was constructed in the early part of the Wanli (1572–1620) reign of the
Ming dynasty The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming was the last imperial dynasty of ...
.
Antiquities and Monuments Office The Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO) is a Hong Kong government organization established in 1976 under the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance to protect and preserve historic monuments. Housed in the Former Kowloon British School, the AMO ...

Fanling Ching Wai – History
/ref> The ancestors of the Pang Clan of Fanling Wai were settled in
Gansu Gansu is a provinces of China, province in Northwestern China. Its capital and largest city is Lanzhou, in the southeastern part of the province. The seventh-largest administrative district by area at , Gansu lies between the Tibetan Plateau, Ti ...
province, in China, and moved to
Jishui County Jishui () is a county located on the Gan River in Ji'an city, Jiangxi province, China. It has an area of and a population of 480,000. It is located central of Jiangxi (central east of Ji'an city), south of the provincial capital of Nanchang, an ...
in
Jiangxi ; Gan: ) , translit_lang1_type2 = , translit_lang1_info2 = , translit_lang1_type3 = , translit_lang1_info3 = , image_map = Jiangxi in China (+all claims hatched).svg , mapsize = 275px , map_caption = Location ...
province in 739, and later, during the
Northern Song dynasty The Song dynasty ( ) was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 960 to 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song, who usurped the throne of the Later Zhou dynasty and went on to conquer the rest of the Ten Kingdoms, endin ...
(960- 1127), they moved successively to
Chaozhou Chaozhou ( zh, t=潮州), alternatively Chiuchow, Chaochow or Teochew, is a city in the eastern Guangdong province of China. It borders Shantou to the south, Jieyang to the southwest, Meizhou to the northwest, the province of Fujian to the east, ...
and
Dongguan Dongguan,; pinyin: alternately romanized via Cantonese as Tungkun, is a prefecture-level city in central Guangdong Province, China. An important industrial city in the Pearl River Delta, Dongguan borders the provincial capital of Guangzhou t ...
. Pang Kwei (), the founding ancestor of the Pang Clan, moved from Dongguan to Lung Shan (), now known as
Lung Yeuk Tau Lung Yeuk Tau (), commonly known as Lung Ku Tau () and also called Lung Ling () is an area located northeast of Luen Wo Hui in Fanling, New Territories, Hong Kong. Administration For electoral purposes, Lung Yeuk Tau is part of the Queen's Hil ...
of Fanling, in 1190. He then moved to
Fan Leng Lau Fan Leng Lau () is a village in Fanling, in the North District of the New Territories of Hong Kong. Administration Fan Leng Lau is a recognized village under the New Territories Small House Policy. It is one of the villages represented within th ...
in 1220 and established a village over there. As the population of the clan increased, they moved westward to settle in Fanling Wai and other places.Brief Information on Proposed Grade III Items. Items #978, 979, 980.


Features

Fanling Chung Wai is recognisable with the distinctive pond and layout including features such as cannons and watchtowers. All these elements were crafted to form an integral part of the village setting. The entrance is at the central axis of the walled village with village houses built connected to the walls and seven rows on the left and right of the central axis. Three circular gun holes are on the façade wall of the entrance gate-tower with three painted white circles for
feng shui Feng shui ( or ), sometimes called Chinese geomancy, is a traditional form of geomancy that originated in ancient China and claims to use energy forces to harmonize individuals with their surrounding environment. The term ''feng shui'' mean ...
reasons. The cannons of Fanling Wai were buried during the
Japanese occupation of Hong Kong The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began when the governor of Hong Kong, Mark Aitchison Young, surrendered the British Crown colony of British Hong Kong, Hong Kong to the Empire of Japan on 25 December 1941. His surrender occurred after Batt ...
(1941–1945), and were only excavated in 1986. They are now on display on a cement platform in front of the walled settlement. The Pang
Ancestral Hall An ancestral shrine, hall or temple ( or , ; Chữ Hán: ; ), also called lineage temple, is a temple dedicated to deified ancestors and progenitors of surname lineages or families in the Chinese tradition. Ancestral temples are closely lin ...
(), also called Tai Tak Tong (), is located in Fanling Pak Wai. It was moved to the present site in 1846 due to feng shui reasons. It was rebuilt in 1884. The Tsz Tak Study Hall () in Fanling Nam Wai was built in 1846. It provided education for the village children, with 20 to 30 children being taught there. In 1936, it housed the government subsidized
Fanling Public School Fanling Public School ( zh, t=粉嶺公立學校), a government-funded primary school, was founded in 1936. Located in Fanling, North District, Hong Kong, North District, New Territories, Hong Kong, it is in Fanling Village (or Fanling Wai) near ...
. Its function as a school ceased in 1957, when a separate school complex was constructed to its north-east. The hall is also used for ancestral worship of the Sze-yan lineage. A Sam Shing Temple (), dedicated to
Pak Tai Hēidì () or Hēishén (), who is the Běidì (, Cantonese: ''Pak Tai'') or Běiyuèdàdì (), is a deity in Chinese religion, one of the cosmological " Five Forms of the Highest Deity" (). He is also identified as ''Zhuānxū'' (), today fre ...
,
Kwan Tai Guan Yu (; ), courtesy name Yunchang, was a Chinese military general serving under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. Along with Zhang Fei, he shared a brotherly relationship with Liu Bei and accompanied him on ...
and Man Cheong (), was erected by the Pang clan in the area. It was moved to its present location, west of Ling Hill () and along Jockey Club Road, in 1948.Brief Information on Proposed Grade III Items. Item #1070


Conservation

The entrance gate-tower, together with the southwest and northwest watchtowers of Fanling Chung Wai are Grade III historic buildings.List of the 1,444 Historic Buildings in Building Assessment
(as of 23 October 2015)
They were rebuilt in 1986. The Pang Ancestral Hall is a Grade I historic building, while the Tsz Tak Study Hall is a Grade II historic building and the Sam Shing Temple is a Grade III historic building.


References


Further reading

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External links


Delineation of area of existing village Fanling Wai (Fanling) for election of resident representative (2019 to 2022)
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Antiquities and Monuments Office The Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO) is a Hong Kong government organization established in 1976 under the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance to protect and preserve historic monuments. Housed in the Former Kowloon British School, the AMO ...
. Hong Kong Traditional Chinese Architectural Information System
Fanling Ching Wai
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Antiquities and Monuments Office The Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO) is a Hong Kong government organization established in 1976 under the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance to protect and preserve historic monuments. Housed in the Former Kowloon British School, the AMO ...
. Hong Kong Traditional Chinese Architectural Information System
Fanling Nam Wai
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Antiquities and Monuments Office The Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO) is a Hong Kong government organization established in 1976 under the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance to protect and preserve historic monuments. Housed in the Former Kowloon British School, the AMO ...
. Hong Kong Traditional Chinese Architectural Information System
Fanling Pak Wai



Personal page about Fanling Wai

Pang family of Fanling Wai

Pang's family website

Pang's Family (Fanling Wai) Facebook Site
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{{coord, 22.4975, 114.1353, display=title Fanling Walled villages of Hong Kong Grade II historic buildings in Hong Kong Villages in North District, Hong Kong