The Famous Thirteen (

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many countries in the Americas **Spanish cuisine **Spanish history **Spanish culture ...

''Los trece de la fama'', "the thirteen of the fame", or ''Los trece de Gallo'', "the thirteen of sla delGallo") were a group of 16th century

conquistadors Conquistadors (, ) or conquistadores (; ; ) were Spanish Empire, Spanish and Portuguese Empire, Portuguese colonizers who explored, traded with and colonized parts of the Americas, Africa, Oceania and Asia during the Age of Discovery. Sailing ...

that participated in the

Spanish conquest of Peru The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, also known as the Conquest of Peru, was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas. After years of preliminary exploration and military skirmishes, 168 Spaniards, ...

(second expedition) along with their leader,

Francisco Pizarro Francisco Pizarro, Marquess of the Atabillos (; ; – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish ''conquistador'', best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire. Born in Trujillo, Cáceres, Trujillo, Spain, to a poor fam ...

. In 1527 Pizarro and his men were waiting on the Isla del Gallo, in bad conditions, when the supply ship returned from Panama, commanded by

Juan Tafur Juan Tafur (1500, Córdoba, Spain, Córdoba, Andalusia, Kingdom of Castile, Castile - ?, ?) was a Spanish Empire, Spanish List of conquistadors in Colombia, conquistador who participated in the Spanish conquest of the Muisca people. He was a cousi ...

with orders from the Spanish governor to abandon the expedition. According to the traditional version of the story, Pizarro drew a line in the sand with his sword and said, "those on that side of the line can go back to Panama and be poor; those on this side can come to Peru and be rich. Let the good Castillian choose his path." In the traditional telling of the story, only thirteen men chose to stay with Pizarro.Hemming, J., 1970, The Conquest of the Incas, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., Historians have noted inconsistencies in reports of the identity of the Famous Thirteen, and have identified as many as nineteen candidates for the thirteen spots.Clements Robert Markham, ed., ''Reports on the discovery of Peru'' (Hakluyt Society, 1872)
Excerpts available
at

Google Books Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search, Google Print, and by its code-name Project Ocean) is a service from Google that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical charac ...

. One list of names is as follows: * Nicolás de Ribera "el Viejo", born in

Olvera Olvera is a town in the province of Cádiz (province), Cádiz, Andalusia, Spain. According to the 2005 census, the city has a population of 8,585 inhabitants. Overview At the tip of the "White Towns of Andalusia, White towns route", the city ...

Andalucía Andalusia ( , ; , ) is the southernmost autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Peninsular Spain, located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomou ...

; *Cristóbal de Peralta,

hidalgo Hidalgo may refer to: People * Hidalgo (nobility), members of the Spanish nobility * Hidalgo (surname) Places Mexico :''Most, if not all, named for Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla (1753–1811)'' * Hidalgo (state), in central Mexico * Hidalgo, Coah ...

of Baeza;Leon, P., 1998, The Discovery and Conquest of Peru, Chronicles of the New World Encounter, edited and translated by Cook and Cook, Durham: Duke University Press, *Antón de Carrión, born in

Carrión de los Condes Carrión de los Condes () is a municipality in the province of Palencia, part of the Autonomous Community of Castile and León, Spain. Situated on the River Carrión, it is 40 kilometers upstream from the provincial capital of Palencia, on the F ...

; *

Pedro de Candia Pedro de Candia (Pietro de Cândia) (; Crete, Kingdom of Candia 1485–1542 Chupas, Viceroyalty of Peru) was a Greek explorer and cartographer at the service of the Kingdom of Spain, an officer of the Royal Spanish Navy that under the Spanish Cr ...

,Prescott, W.H., 2011, The History of the Conquest of Peru, Digireads.com Publishing, a Greek born in

Candia The name Candia can refer to: People * The House of Candia, a noble family from Savoy (14th-16th) * Alfredo Ovando Candía, 56th president of Bolivia * Antoinette Candia-Bailey, American academic administrator * Cecilia Maria de Candia, British-It ...

Crete Crete ( ; , Modern Greek, Modern: , Ancient Greek, Ancient: ) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the List of islands by area, 88th largest island in the world and the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, fifth la ...

; *Domingo de Soraluce, or Soria Lucina, a Basque merchant from Vergara *Francisco de Cuéllar, from Cuellar; *Joan de la Torre y Díaz Chacón, born in Villagarcía de la Torre de Extremadura, near Llerena; *Pedro de Alcón, from Cazalla de la Sierra north of

Seville Seville ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Spain, Spanish autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the Guadalquivir, River Guadalquivir, ...

; *García de Jeréz or Jaren, Utrera merchant *Alonso de Briceño, born about 1506 in Benavente; *Alonso de Molina, born in

Úbeda Úbeda () is a municipalities in Spain, municipality of Spain located in the Province of Jaén (Spain), province of Jaén, Andalusia. The town lies on the southern ridge of the so-called Loma de Úbeda, a Table (landform), table sandwiched in bet ...

; *Gonzalo Martín de Trujillo, born in Trujillo; *Martín de Paz. Also, the "brave pilot" Bartolomé Ruiz.

Aftermath

The ''Capitulacion'' of 1529, made Ruiz Grand Pilot of the Southern Ocean, while Candia was placed at the head of artillery, and the remaining eleven "were created '' hidalgos'' and ''cavalleros''.

References

{{coord, 2, 00, N, 78, 39, W, display=title, region:CO Spanish conquistadors 16th-century Spanish military personnel 16th-century Spanish explorers

Aftermath

See also

References