Fakhr al-Din Mustawfi (died 1290) was a

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

statesman from the Mustawfi family of

Qazvin Qazvin (; ; ) is a city in the Central District (Qazvin County), Central District of Qazvin County, Qazvin province, Qazvin province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is the largest city in the provi ...

, who lived during the early

Ilkhanate The Ilkhanate or Il-khanate was a Mongol khanate founded in the southwestern territories of the Mongol Empire. It was ruled by the Il-Khans or Ilkhanids (), and known to the Mongols as ''Hülegü Ulus'' (). The Ilkhanid realm was officially known ...

era. He was the elder cousin of the distinguished historian and geographer

Hamdallah Mustawfi Hamdallah Mustawfi Qazvini (; 1281 – after 1339/40) was a Persian official, historian, geographer and poet. He lived during the last era of the Mongol Ilkhanate, and the interregnum that followed. A native of Qazvin, Mustawfi belonged to fami ...

. According to Hamdallah Mustawfi, Fakhr al-Din Mustawfi enjoyed a flourishing career under the Ilkhanate—first as the ''ṣāḥib(-i) diwān'' (finance minister,

vizier A vizier (; ; ) is a high-ranking political advisor or Minister (government), minister in the Near East. The Abbasids, Abbasid caliphs gave the title ''wazir'' to a minister formerly called ''katib'' (secretary), who was at first merely a help ...

) of

Gaykhatu Gaykhatu (Mongolian script:; ) was the fifth Ilkhanate ruler in Iran. He reigned from 1291 to 1295. His Buddhist baghshi gave him the Tibetan name Rinchindorj () which appeared on his paper money. Early life He was born to Abaqa and Nukdan K ...

during his governorship of

Anatolia Anatolia (), also known as Asia Minor, is a peninsula in West Asia that makes up the majority of the land area of Turkey. It is the westernmost protrusion of Asia and is geographically bounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Aegean ...

, and then later as bureaucrat under the Ilkhan

Arghun Khan Arghun Khan ( Mongolian Cyrillic: Аргун; Traditional Mongolian: ; c. 1258 – 10 March 1291) was the fourth ruler of the Mongol empire's Ilkhanate division, from 1284 to 1291. He was the son of Abaqa Khan, and like his father, was a dev ...

(). He played a role in the downfall of the Ilkhanate ''ṣāḥib diwān''

Shams al-Din Juvayni Shams al-Din Juvayni (; also spelled Joveyni) was a Persian statesman and member of the Juvayni family. He was an influential figure in early Ilkhanate politics, serving as ''sahib-i divan'' (vizier and minister of finance) under four Mongol Ilkh ...

, being part of the circle of advisors around Arghun, who urged him to make Shams al-Din stand trial, on the accusation of poisoning Arghun's father

Abaqa Khan Abaqa Khan (27 February 1234 – 4 April 1282, , "paternal uncle", also transliterated Abaġa), was the second Mongol ruler ('' Ilkhan'') of the Ilkhanate. The son of Hulagu Khan and Lady Yesünčin and the grandson of Tolui, he reigned from 1265 ...

(). On 16 October 1284, Shams al-Din was executed, with Fakhr al-Din gaining his previous post of ''ṣāḥib diwān''. Two years later, in 1286, however, he was replaced by Jalal al-Din Simnani and sent to govern Anatolia. In the same year, Fakhr al-Din instigated the execution of Shams al-Din's son Sharaf al-Din Harun Juvayni through hateful slander. Fakhr al-Din strengthened Shams al-Din's policy of increasing the Iranian influence in Anatolia, appointing "innumerable Tabrizis, Hamadanis, Iraqis, Khushkanis, Khurasanis, Georgians, Alans, Marandis, Nakhjawanis, Tiflisis and Arranis." This led to a closer connection between Anatolia and the Iranian intellectual and literary world. Fakhr al-Din Mustawfi eventually fell out and favour and was executed in 1290. The instigator behind this was the new ''ṣāḥib diwān''

Sa'ad al-Dawla Saʿd al-Dawla ibn Ṣafī ibn Hibatullāh ibn Muhassib al-Dawla al-Abharī () (c. 1240 – March 5, 1291) was a Jewish physician and statesman in thirteenth-century Persia (Iran). Biography Originally from the town of Abhar in western Iran ...

, who achieved this through the spread of defamation. This earned him the animosity of the Mustawfi family.

References

Sources

* * * * * {{cite book , last1=Peacock , first=A. C. S., authorlink=A. C. S. Peacock, title=Islam, Literature and Society in Mongol Anatolia, date=2019, publisher=Cambridge University Press, url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-qCsDwAAQBAJ, isbn=978-1108499361 Viziers of the Ilkhanate Year of birth unknown 1290 deaths People from Qazvin 13th-century Iranian people Officials of the Ilkhanate People executed by the Mongol Empire