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Forkhead box protein H1 is a
protein Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''FOXH1''
gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.


Function

FOXH1 encodes a human homolog of Xenopus forkhead activin signal transducer-1. FOXH1 protein binds SMAD2 and activates an activin response element via binding the DNA motif TGT(G/T)(T/G)ATT. ''FoxH1'' is a transcription factor that contains a conserved function in chordates. ''FoxH1'', acts in combination with other transcription factors, as a critical element of node formation in early embryo development. Specifically, ''FoxH''1 plays a role in anterior/posterior determination during gastrulation. By the third week of gestation, cells of the splanchnic mesoderm have migrated to the superior end of the embryo to form the cardiac crescent. The cardiac crescent forms two heart fields; primary heart field and the secondary heart field. At this point in development, the two heart fields fuse to form a primitive, single-chambered heart referred to as the primary myocardium. The secondary (anterior) heart field of these cardiac crescent cells will give rise to the outflow tract and the right ventricle of the mature heart. A model lacking ''FoxH1'' will form a primary myocardium, undergo some amount of looping, but have undefined right ventricles and outflow tracts.


Interactions

FOXH1 has been shown to interact with DRAP1 and Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2.


See also

*
FOX proteins FOX (forkhead box) proteins are a family of transcription factors that play important roles in regulating the expression of genes involved in cell growth, proliferation, Cellular differentiation, differentiation, and longevity. Many FOX proteins a ...


References

# ·     Slagle CE, Aoki T, Burdine RD. Nodal-dependent mesendoderm specification requires the combinatorial activities of FoxH1 and Eomesodermin. ''PLoS Genet''. 2011;7(5):e1002072. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002072 # Hoodless PA, Pye M, Chazaud C, et al. FoxH1 (Fast) functions to specify the anterior primitive streak in the mouse. ''Genes Dev''. 2001;15(10):1257-1271. doi:10.1101/gad.881501 # ·     von Both I, Silvestri C, Erdemir T, et al. Foxh1 is essential for development of the anterior heart field. ''Dev Cell''. 2004;7(3):331-345. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2004.07.023


Further reading

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External links

* Forkhead transcription factors {{gene-8-stub