Forkhead box protein G1 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''FOXG1''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
Function
This gene belongs to the
forkhead family of transcription factors that is characterized by a distinct forkhead domain. The complete function of this gene has not yet been determined; however, it has been shown to play a role in the development of the
brain
The brain is an organ (biology), organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals. It consists of nervous tissue and is typically located in the head (cephalization), usually near organs for ...
and
telencephalon
The cerebrum (: cerebra), telencephalon or endbrain is the largest part of the brain, containing the cerebral cortex (of the two cerebral hemispheres) as well as several subcortical structures, including the hippocampus, basal ganglia, and olf ...
. Mutations of FOXG1 are the cause of FoxG1 syndrome.
Associated disorders
FOXG1 syndrome is characterized by microcephaly and brain malformations. It affects most aspects of development and can cause seizures. FOXG1 syndrome is classified as an
autism spectrum disorder
Autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by differences or difficulties in social communication and interaction, a preference for predictability and routine, sensory processing di ...
and was previously considered a variant of
Rett syndrome.
Interactions
FOXG1 has been shown to
interact with
JARID1B.
See also
*
FOX proteins
FOX (forkhead box) proteins are a family of transcription factors that play important roles in regulating the expression of genes involved in cell growth, proliferation, Cellular differentiation, differentiation, and longevity. Many FOX proteins a ...
References
Further reading
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External links
* International FoxG1 Foundatio
Information for FOXG1 families* FOXG1 Research Foundatio
Info on FOXG1 syndrome* The Children's Rare Disorders Fun
Info on FOXG1 syndrome*
Forkhead transcription factors
Syndromes with microcephaly
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