Francis Graham Crookshank (1873,

Wimbledon Wimbledon most often refers to: * Wimbledon, London, a district of southwest London * Wimbledon Championships, the oldest tennis tournament in the world and one of the four Grand Slam championships Wimbledon may also refer to: Places London * W ...

– 27 October 1933, Wimpole Street, London) was a British

epidemiologist Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population, and application of this knowledge to prevent diseases. It is a cornerstone ...

, and a medical and psychological writer, and Fellow of the

Royal College of Physicians The Royal College of Physicians of London, commonly referred to simply as the Royal College of Physicians (RCP), is a British professional membership body dedicated to improving the practice of medicine, chiefly through the accreditation of ph ...

. Crookshank was educated at

University College London University College London (Trade name, branded as UCL) is a Public university, public research university in London, England. It is a Member institutions of the University of London, member institution of the Federal university, federal Uni ...

and trained in medicine at

University College Hospital University College Hospital (UCH) is a teaching hospital in the Fitzrovia area of the London Borough of Camden, England. The hospital, which was founded as the North London Hospital in 1834, is closely associated with University College Lo ...

. His work attempted to combine medicine with the individual psychology of

Alfred Adler Alfred Adler ( ; ; 7 February 1870 – 28 May 1937) was an Austrian medical doctor, psychotherapist, and founder of the school of individual psychology. His emphasis on the importance of feelings of belonging, relationships within the family, a ...

, along with

eugenics Eugenics is a set of largely discredited beliefs and practices that aim to improve the genetic quality of a human population. Historically, eugenicists have attempted to alter the frequency of various human phenotypes by inhibiting the fer ...

and Nietzsche's philosophy of the will.Thomson, Mathew (2006) ''Psychological subjects: identity, culture, and health in twentieth-century Britain'', Oxford University Press, , p. 86. His 123-page scientific racist publication '' The Mongol in our Midst'' (1924) was both popular and controversial in both England and the United States. In 1931, Crookshank published a "greatly enlarged and entirely rewritten" 524-page edition "with numerous illustrations," with responses to critics and additional theories and claims. That work incorrectly associated the disorder now known as Down syndrome with the admixture of Asian and European "blood".Howells, John G. and Osborn, M. Livia (1984) ''A reference companion to the history of abnormal psychology'', vol. 1, Greenwood Press, , p. 217. Crookshank died in 1933 at his house in

Wimpole Street Wimpole Street is a street in Marylebone, central London. Located in the City of Westminster, it is associated with private medical practice and medical associations. No. 1 Wimpole Street is an example of Edwardian architecture, Edwardian baroq ...

Westminster Westminster is the main settlement of the City of Westminster in Central London, Central London, England. It extends from the River Thames to Oxford Street and has many famous landmarks, including the Palace of Westminster, Buckingham Palace, ...

, from suicide.

Works

* ''Flatulence and shock'', London: Lewis, 1912. * Chapter on medico-legal aspects. etc., in L. W. Harrison, ''The diagnosis and treatment of venereal diseases in general practice'', London: H. Frowde and Hodder & Stoughton, 1921 * ‘The importance of a theory of signs and a critique of language in the study of medicine’, in C. K. Ogden and I. A. Richards, ''The Meaning of Meaning'', London, 1923. The International Library of Psychology, Philosophy and Scientific Method. * ''The Mongol in our Midst: A Study of Man and his Three Faces'', (London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner 1924 and 1931). * ''Migraine and other common neuroses; a psychological study'', London: Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1926. * Introduction to Paul Masson-Oursel, ''Comparative philosophy'', London: Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1926. The International Library of Psychology, Philosophy and Scientific Method. * ‘The relation of history and philosophy to medicine’, in Charles Greene Cumston, ''An introduction to the history of medicine, from the time of the pharaohs to the end of the XVIIIth century'', London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & co, 1926 * 'Individual Psychology: A Retrospect (and a Valuation)', prefatory essay to

, ''Problems of neurosis: a book of case-histories'', ed. Philip Mairet, London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1929, pp. vii-xxxvii * ''Epidemiological essays'', 1930

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Crookshank, Francis Graham 1873 births 1933 suicides British medical writers 20th-century English medical doctors British public health doctors Alumni of University College London Suicides in Westminster People from Wimbledon, London Writers from the London Borough of Merton 1933 deaths