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The Exter Formation is the only formation of the Upper
Keuper The Keuper is a lithostratigraphic unit (a sequence of rock strata) in the subsurface of large parts of west and central Europe. The Keuper consists of dolomite, shales or claystones and evaporites that were deposited during the Middle and Late ...
or Rhätsandstein, and is a
geologic formation A geological formation, or simply formation, is a body of rock having a consistent set of physical characteristics ( lithology) that distinguishes it from adjacent bodies of rock, and which occupies a particular position in the layers of rock exp ...
in
Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany lies between the Baltic and North Sea to the north and the Alps to the sou ...
. It preserves
fossils A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...
dating back to the
Rhaetian The Rhaetian is the latest age of the Triassic Period (in geochronology) or the uppermost stage of the Triassic System (in chronostratigraphy). It was preceded by the Norian and succeeded by the Hettangian (the lowermost stage or earliest ...
of the
Triassic The Triassic ( ) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.6 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.36 Mya. The Triassic is the first and shortest period ...
period (specifically around 205 Ma).Exter Formation
at
Fossilworks Fossilworks is a portal which provides query, download, and analysis tools to facilitate access to the Paleobiology Database, a large relational database assembled by hundreds of paleontologists from around the world. History Fossilworks was cre ...
.org
Rhätkeuper
at
Fossilworks Fossilworks is a portal which provides query, download, and analysis tools to facilitate access to the Paleobiology Database, a large relational database assembled by hundreds of paleontologists from around the world. History Fossilworks was cre ...
.org


Fossil content

The formation has provided fossils of:


Mammals

* '' Thomasia antiqua'' * Haramiyidae indet.


Therapsids

* '' Chalepotherium plieningeri''


Reptiles

* '' "Ichthyosaurus" rhaeticus'' * '' Megalosaurus cloacinus'' * '' Nothosaurus cloacinus'' * '' Phytosaurus cubicodon''? * '' Phytosaurus cylindricodon''? * '' Plateosaurus ornatus'' * '' Rhaeticosaurus mertensi''Wintrich et al., 2017 * '' Termatosaurus albertii'' * '' Termatosaurus crocodilinus'' * '' Plateosaurus sp.''Fraas, 1897 * Plesiosauria indet.


Fish

* '' Ceratodus cloacinus'' * '' C. heteromorphus'' * '' C. parvus'' * '' C. trapezoides'' * '' Hybodus cloacinus'' * '' H. sublaevis'' * '' Lissodus minimus'' * '' Nemacanthus monilifer'' * '' Sargodon tomicus'' * '' Acrodus sp.'' * '' Asterolepis sp.'' * '' Raja sp.''


Insects

* '' Triassothemis gartzii''Bapth et al., 2013


Flora

* '' Becklesia franconica''Van Konijnenburg-van Cittert et al., 2021


See also

*
List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany See also * Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Europe * Geology of Germany The geology of Germany is heavily influenced by several phases of orogeny in the Paleozoic and the Cenozoic, by sedimentation in shelf seas and epicontinent ...


References


Bibliography

* * * * * * * {{cite LSA , last=Plieninger , first=W. H , year=1847 , title=Zahne aus der oberen Grenzbreccie des Keupers bei Degerloch und Steinenbronn , journal= Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg , volume=3 , pages=164–167 Geologic formations of Germany Triassic System of Europe Triassic Germany Rhaetian Stage Shale formations Siltstone formations Sandstone formations Deltaic deposits Lacustrine deposits Coal formations Coal in Germany Paleontology in Germany