Expressway S1 (Poland)
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Expressway S1 or express road S1 is a Polish highway under construction with a planned length of , located in the
Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship ( ) is an administrative province in southern Poland. With over 4.2 million residents and an area of 12,300 square kilometers, it is the second-most populous, and the most-densely populated and most-urbanized region of Poland ...
. Upon completion, it will connect the A1 motorway near the
Katowice International Airport Katowice Wojciech Korfanty Airport () is an international airport, located in Pyrzowice, north of Katowice, Poland. The airport is named after Wojciech Korfanty, a politician of the early years of Polish independence. It is List of airports in ...
in Pyrzowice with the border of
Slovakia Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's m ...
in Zwardoń, linking to the D3 motorway. The route is expected to be completed in the 2nd half of 2026.


Route

The section from A1 motorway to A4 motorway and further to
Tychy Tychy (Polish pronunciation: ; ) is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, approximately south of Katowice. Situated on the southern edge of the Upper Silesian industrial district, the city borders Katowice to the north, Mikołów to the west, Bie ...
is open to traffic. It forms the Eastern beltway of the Upper Silesian Industrial Region. From
Tychy Tychy (Polish pronunciation: ; ) is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, approximately south of Katowice. Situated on the southern edge of the Upper Silesian industrial district, the city borders Katowice to the north, Mikołów to the west, Bie ...
to
Bielsko-Biała Bielsko-Biała (; ; , ; ) is a city in southern Poland, with a population of approximately 166,765 as of December 2022, making it the List of cities and towns in Poland#Largest cities and towns by population, 22nd largest city in Poland, and an a ...
, the existing dual-carriageway national road 1 serves the traffic. New parallel expressway route is under construction, planned to be finished in the 2nd half of 2026. From
Bielsko-Biała Bielsko-Biała (; ; , ; ) is a city in southern Poland, with a population of approximately 166,765 as of December 2022, making it the List of cities and towns in Poland#Largest cities and towns by population, 22nd largest city in Poland, and an a ...
to
Żywiec Żywiec () is a town on the River Soła in southern Poland with 31,194 inhabitants (2019). It is situated within the Silesian Voivodeship, near the Żywiec Lake and Żywiec Landscape Park, one of the eight protected areas in the voivodeship. H ...
, the expressway is completed. The section from Żywiec to the Slovak border in Zwardoń is a single-carriageway expressway, which is partially completed and partially under construction, set to be finished in the 2nd half of 2025. At the border it connects to the partially completed D3 motorway in
Slovakia Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's m ...
.


Road numbering

The S1 originally was routed from
Bielsko-Biała Bielsko-Biała (; ; , ; ) is a city in southern Poland, with a population of approximately 166,765 as of December 2022, making it the List of cities and towns in Poland#Largest cities and towns by population, 22nd largest city in Poland, and an a ...
via
Cieszyn Cieszyn ( , ; ; ) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitants ( and lies opposite Český Těšín in the Czech Repu ...
to the
Czech Czech may refer to: * Anything from or related to the Czech Republic, a country in Europe ** Czech language ** Czechs, the people of the area ** Czech culture ** Czech cuisine * One of three mythical brothers, Lech, Czech, and Rus *Czech (surnam ...
border. This section was renumbered to Expressway S52 in 2016 and the S1 was rerouted over the former Expressway S69.


Expressway route description


Pyrzowice-Tychy


Kosztowy-II – Bielsko-Biała

As of the end of May 2016 six options for the route were proposed.
Route variants
Five of them were already available by June 2008. At first option IV(D) was preferable. It would have gone parallel to Brzeszcze – Oświęcim railway tracks ( PKP rail line 93). However,
UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO ) is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and International secur ...
protested against the choice, as, in their opinion, the traffic would have disrupted the zone of silence around the former German concentration camp
Auschwitz-Birkenau Auschwitz, or Oświęcim, was a complex of over 40 Nazi concentration camps, concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany, occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) d ...
, and, as the result, UNESCO would have put the camp onto the endangered list. At the beginning of August 2009, the head of Miedźna county has announced to the media his option of the S1 (option VI), that would have gone through a forest on the borders of the Miedźna and Bojszowy county. In November 2009, it was accepted by all the local counties. However, GDDKiA turned down this option due to environmental issues. The road would have passed through the "Stawy w Brzeszczach" reserve for birds conservation, which was not acceptable.Droga ekspresowa S1 (Polska) * Option A (39.7 km) would have run through the following counties: ** Mysłowice ** Lędziny ** Imielin ** Bieruń ** Bojszowy ** Miedźna ** Bestwina ** Wilamowice ** Bielsko-Biała * Option B (40.4 km) would have run through the following counties: ** Mysłowice ** Lędziny ** Imielin ** Bieruń ** Bojszowy ** Oświęcim ** Bestwina ** Brzeszcze ** Wilamowice ** Bielsko-Biała * Option C (40.8 km) would have run through the following counties: ** Mysłowice ** Lędziny ** Imielin ** Bieruń ** Bojszowy ** Oświęcim ** Bestwina ** Brzeszcze ** Wilamowice ** Bielsko-Biała * Option D (42.1 km) would have run through the following counties: ** Mysłowice ** Lędziny ** Imielin ** Bieruń ** Bojszowy ** Oświęcim ** Bestwina ** Brzeszcze ** Wilamowice ** Bielsko-Biała. Counties through which the road would have passed according to the option V: ** Mysłowice (Kosztowy) ** Lędziny ** Bieruń ** Międzyrzecze ** Gilowice ** Miedźna ** Bestwinka ** Kaniów ** Dankowice ** Stara Wieś ** Bielsko-Biała (Hałcnów) Counties through which the road would have passed according to the option VI: ** Mysłowice (Kosztowy) ** Lędziny ** Bieruń **
Oświęcim Oświęcim (; ; ; ) is a town in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland, situated southeast of Katowice, near the confluence of the Vistula (''Wisła'') and Soła rivers. Oświęcim dates back to the 12th century, when it was an im ...
(Stare Stawy) **
Brzeszcze Brzeszcze () is a town in Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland, near Oświęcim. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 10,935. The history of the town dates back to the 15th century, and it was probably found ...
** Dankowice ** Stara Wieś ** Bielsko-Biała (Hałcnów) In 2013 the Economical, Technical and Environmental Institution has proposed 4 choices (A, B, C, and D), of which choices A and C were preferred. However, the mining company "Brzeszcze" was against choice C, and "SILESIA" mining enterprise against A. As a compromise, GDDKIA promised to work on the additional option "E". Preparatory works for DŚU were done by 7 January 2015. In March 2015 choice "E" was chosen as preferred. In June the same year Regional Directorate of the Environment Protection in Katowice has asked GDDKiA to give out the environmental decision for the section. In 2013 a new option, presented by the mining companies "SILESIA" and "Brzeszcze" and by Miedźna, Brzeszcze and Bestwina counties, was proposed. The option "H"(or hybrid), as it is known, was an initial compromise between the companies and counties and GDDKiA. However it wasn't implemented. The project was expected to cost approximately 1.437 bln złotych.


Interchanges

* „Kosztowy II" (after construction the road to Tychy will be designated as S1A) * „Lędziny" * „Bieruń" * „Oświęcim" (future connection to Oświęcim bypass) * „Wola” * „Brzeszcze" * „Stara Wieś" * „Hałcnów"


Bielsko-Biała Bielsko-Biała (; ; , ; ) is a city in southern Poland, with a population of approximately 166,765 as of December 2022, making it the List of cities and towns in Poland#Largest cities and towns by population, 22nd largest city in Poland, and an a ...
- Zwardoń


Route description


See also

*
Highways in Poland Controlled-access highways in Poland are part of the National roads in Poland, national roads network and they are divided into motorways and Controlled-access highway, expressways. Both types of highways feature grade-separated Interchang ...
* European route E75


References

{{Polish Expressways Expressways in Poland