Executive Order 12148 was an

executive order In the United States, an executive order is a directive by the president of the United States that manages operations of the federal government. The legal or constitutional basis for executive orders has multiple sources. Article Two of the ...

enacted by President

Jimmy Carter James Earl Carter Jr. (October 1, 1924December 29, 2024) was an American politician and humanitarian who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party ...

on July 20, 1979, to transfer and reassign duties to the newly formed agency, known as the

Federal Emergency Management Agency The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is an agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS), initially created under President Jimmy Carter by Presidential Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1978 and implemented by two Exec ...

(FEMA), created b
Executive Order 12127
The order combined several federal agencies tasked with

emergency preparedness Emergency management (also Disaster management) is a science and a system charged with creating the framework within which communities reduce vulnerability to hazards and cope with disasters. Emergency management, despite its name, does not actua ...

and

civil defense Civil defense or civil protection is an effort to protect the citizens of a state (generally non-combatants) from human-made and natural disasters. It uses the principles of emergency management: Risk management, prevention, mitigation, prepara ...

spread across the executive departments into a unified entity that was established as an independent agency, free of Cabinet interference, with authority as the lead federal agency in a presidentially-declared disaster. The agency's place within the governmental structure was changed on March 1, 2003, when FEMA became part of the

Department of Homeland Security The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is the U.S. federal executive department responsible for public security, roughly comparable to the interior, home, or public security ministries in other countries. Its missions invol ...

's Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate.

Revocations

E.O. 12148 also revoked the following Executive Orders or parts thereof: (E.O. Numbers) 10242; Sections 1 and 2 of 10296; 10494; 10601; 10634; 10900; 10952; 11051; 11415; 11795; 11725; and 11749.

External links

National Archives page on Executive Order 12148
1979 in American law 12148 Federal Emergency Management Agency {{US-gov-stub