William John Simmons III (born September 25, 1969) is an American sports analyst, author, podcaster, and former sports writer who is the founder and CEO of the sports and pop culture website '' The Ringer''. Simmons first gained attention with his website as "The Boston Sports Guy" and was recruited by ESPN in 2001, where he eventually operated the website '' Grantland'' and worked until 2015. At ESPN, he wrote for ESPN.com, hosted his own podcast on ESPN.com titled ''
The B.S. Report
''The B.S. Report'' was an ESPN podcast, that occasionally touched on mature subjects, hosted by Bill Simmons. It featured interviews with athletes, sports commentators, pop-culture experts and friends of Simmons. The B.S. Report had no fixed pub ...
'', and was an analyst for two years on '' NBA Countdown''.
Simmons founded ''The Ringer'', a sports and pop culture website and podcast network, in 2016 and serves as its CEO.
He hosted ''
Any Given Wednesday with Bill Simmons
''Any Given Wednesday with Bill Simmons'' was an American talk show hosted by Bill Simmons. The series premiered on June 22, 2016, on HBO. On November 4, 2016, HBO announced it had canceled the series.
Episodes
Reception
Ratings
According to N ...
'' on
HBO
Home Box Office (HBO) is an American premium television network, which is the flagship property of namesake parent subsidiary Home Box Office, Inc., itself a unit owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. The overall Home Box Office business unit is ba ...
for one season in 2016. At ''The Ringer'', he hosts ''The Bill Simmons Podcast''. Simmons is known for a style of writing characterized by mixing sports knowledge and analysis,
pop culture
Pop or POP may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Music
* Pop music, a musical genre Artists
* POP, a Japanese idol group now known as Gang Parade
* Pop!, a UK pop group
* Pop! featuring Angie Hart, an Australian band
Albums
* Pop (Gas al ...
references, his non-sports-related personal life, and for being written from the viewpoint of a passionate
sports fan
A fan or fanatic, sometimes also termed an aficionado or enthusiast, is a person who exhibits strong interest or admiration for something or somebody, such as a celebrity, a sport, a sports team, a genre, a politician, a book, a movie, a vid ...
.
Early life
Simmons was born on September 25, 1969, to William Simmons and Jan Corbo. His father was a school administrator, and his stepmother, Molly Clark, is a doctor. Simmons was an only child and grew up in Marlborough and
Brookline
Brookline may refer to:
Places in the United States
* Brookline, Massachusetts, a town near Boston
* Brookline, Missouri
* Brookline, New Hampshire
* Brookline (Pittsburgh), a neighborhood in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
* Brookline, Vermont
See ...
Choate Rosemary Hall
Choate Rosemary Hall (often known as Choate; ) is a private, co-educational, college-preparatory boarding school in Wallingford, Connecticut, United States. Choate is currently ranked as the second best boarding school and third best private high ...
, a
prep school
Preparatory school or prep school may refer to: Schools
*Preparatory school (United Kingdom), an independent school preparing children aged 8–13 for entry into fee-charging independent schools, usually public schools
*College-preparatory school, ...
The Breaks of the Game
''The Breaks of the Game'' is a 1981 sports book written by Pulitzer Prize winning reporter David Halberstam about the Portland Trail Blazers' 1979–1980 season. The Trail Blazers are a professional basketball team which plays in the National B ...
'', which he credited as the single most formative development in his sportswriting career.
While attending the
College of the Holy Cross
The College of the Holy Cross is a private, Jesuit liberal arts college in Worcester, Massachusetts, about 40 miles (64 km) west of Boston. Founded in 1843, Holy Cross is the oldest Catholic college in New England and one of the oldest ...
Simmons wrote a column for the school paper, ''The Crusader'', called "Ramblings" and later served as the paper's sports editor. He also restarted the school's parody newspaper and started a 12-14-page, underground, handwritten magazine about the people in his freshman hall called "The Velvet Edge." He graduated in 1992 with a B.A. in political science (his primary focus was the Middle East, which he often cites in his columns by way of saying his sportswriting career has nothing to do with his degree) and a GPA of 3.04. Subsequently, while living in
Brookline, Massachusetts
Brookline is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, Norfolk County, Massachusetts, in the United States, and part of the Greater Boston, Boston metropolitan area. Brookline borders six of Boston's neighborhoods: Brighton, Boston, Brighton, A ...
, he studied at Boston University, where he received his master's degree in print journalism two years later.
Career
Origins
For eight years following grad school, Simmons lived in Charlestown working various jobs before eventually landing a job at ESPN. The September after grad school, Simmons started working at the ''
Boston Herald
The ''Boston Herald'' is an American daily newspaper whose primary market is Boston, Massachusetts, and its surrounding area. It was founded in 1846 and is one of the oldest daily newspapers in the United States. It has been awarded eight Pulit ...
'' as a high school sports reporter and editorial assistant, mainly "answering phones... organizing food runs, ndworking on the Sunday football scores section." Three years later he got a job as a freelancer for '' Boston Phoenix'' but was broke within three months and started bartending. In 1997, unable to get a newspaper job, Simmons "badgered" ''Digital City Boston'' of
AOL
AOL (stylized as Aol., formerly a company known as AOL Inc. and originally known as America Online) is an American web portal and online service provider based in New York City. It is a brand marketed by the current incarnation of Yahoo (2017� ...
into giving him a column, and he started the web site ''BostonSportsGuy.com'' while working as a bartender and waiter at night. He decided to call his column "Sports Guy" since the site had a "Movie Guy."
Originally the column was only available on AOL, and Simmons forwarded the column to his friends. He began receiving e-mails from people asking if they could be put on his mailing list. For the first 18 months, Simmons would send it to about 100 people, until it became available on the web in November 1998. The website quickly built up a reputation as many of Simmons' friends from high school and college were e-mailing it to each other. In 2001, his website averaged 10,000 readers and 45,000 hits per day.
''Jimmy Kimmel Live!''
In the summer of 2002, Jimmy Kimmel had been trying to get Simmons to write for his new
late-night talk show
A late-night talk show is a genre of talk show popular in the United States, where the format originated. It is generally structured around humorous monologues about the day's news, guest interviews, comedy sketches and music performances. It i ...
, ''
Jimmy Kimmel Live!
''Jimmy Kimmel Live!'' is an American late-night talk show, created and hosted by Jimmy Kimmel, broadcast on American Broadcasting Company, ABC. The nightly hour-long show debuted on January 26, 2003, at Hollywood Masonic Temple in Hollywood, Los ...
'' which was to premiere after the
Super Bowl
The Super Bowl is the annual final playoff game of the National Football League (NFL) to determine the league champion. It has served as the final game of every NFL season since 1966, replacing the NFL Championship Game. Since 2022, the game ...
. Simmons refused for most of the summer because he did not want to cut back on his columns and move to the West Coast away from his family and Boston teams. Kimmel kept on "badgering" him and by mid-September Kimmel had him "on the ropes." It was crucial for Simmons that he could write for the show and on ESPN.com and in ''ESPN The Magazine'', which was possible because of the Disney connection with ESPN and ABC. He has also stated that he joined the show because he was burned out from his column, felt he needed a change, and always wanted to write for a talk show.
Simmons left Boston and moved to California on November 16, 2002 and began working in April 2003 as a comedy writer for the show. Simmons called it "the best move I ever made" and said it was one of the best experiences of his life. He left the show in the spring of 2004 after a year and a half of writing for the show. He wanted to focus full-time on his column, since his writing was starting to slip and he did not have enough time to work on columns or even think about them. Simmons remained in California.
ESPN
Simmons gained fame as "The Boston Sports Guy" which earned him a job offer from ESPN in 2001 to write three guest columns. His second column was "Is Clemens the Antichrist?" which became one of the most e-mailed articles on the site that year. Becoming one of the most popular columnists on the site, Simmons was given his own section of ESPN.com's Page 2, which helped both himself and Page 2 gain widespread popularity. In the first sixteen months which Simmons wrote for Page 2 the viewership doubled. In late 2004 ESPN launched an online cartoon based on his columns which Simmons later called a "debacle" and decided to stop. Simmons wrote a column per month for his page titled "Sports Guy's World."
As a lead columnist, Simmons was one of the country's most widely read sports writers and is considered a pioneer of sportswriting on the Internet. His readership grew steadily over the following years. In 2005, according to ESPN, Simmons' column averaged 500,000 unique visitors a month. According to comScore, Simmons' column had averaged 1.4 million pageviews and 460,000 unique visitors a month between June and November 2009.
In 2007, Simmons and
Connor Schell
Connor Schell is an American producer of television and film. He is the co-creator and executive producer of the ''30 for 30'' series for ESPN. and for which he has won multiple Emmy Awards and a Peabody Award. He has executive produced more th ...
conceived the idea for ''
30 for 30
''30 for 30'' is the title for a series of documentary films airing on ESPN, its sister networks, and online highlighting interesting people and events in sports history. This includes three "volumes" of 30 episodes each, a 13-episode series un ...
'', a series of 30 documentaries commemorating the 30th year of the "ESPN era." Simmons and Schell took special interest to "stories that resonated at the time but were eventually forgotten for whatever reason." The series premiered on October 6, 2009, with "King's Ransom" directed by Peter Berg. Simmons served as
executive producer
Executive producer (EP) is one of the top positions in the making of a commercial entertainment product. Depending on the medium, the executive producer may be concerned with management accounting or associated with legal issues (like copyrights o ...
on the project until he left ESPN in 2015.
On May 8, 2007, Simmons began a podcast for ESPN.com called ''Eye of the Sportsguy''. On June 14, 2007, the podcast was changed to ''The B.S. Report'' with a new theme song written by
Ronald Jenkees
Ronald Jenkees is an American composer and musician best known for his YouTube keyboard performances. , his YouTube videos had been viewed over 84 million times and he has 400 thousand subscribers. He has released five independent albums: his e ...
. Simmons created one or two hourlong podcasts a week, generally carrying one theme throughout, talking to everyone from sports and media notables to his friends. ''The B.S. Report'' was regularly the most downloaded podcast on ESPN.com averaging 2 million downloads a month. In 2009, ''The B.S. Report'' was downloaded more than 25.4 million times.
Simmons began writing a bi-weekly 800-word column for '' ESPN The Magazine'' in 2002 but convinced ESPN after three years to give him 1,200 words. On July 27, 2009, Simmons announced his retirement from the magazine but continued to write for the Page 2 website.
In October 2007, it was announced that Simmons joined the television series '' E:60'' as a special contributor. In May 2010, it was reported that Simmons and ESPN came to an agreement on a new contract, although no official announcement was made on the terms.
Since 2009, Simmons has also been a moderator and panelist at the annual MIT Sloan Sports Analytics Conference Starting in the
2012-2013 NBA season
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit (measurement), unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment ...
, Simmons joined the '' NBA Countdown'' pregame show as a panelist/contributor during ESPN/ABC's coverage of the
NBA
The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a professional basketball league in North America. The league is composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada) and is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United St ...
. He left the show prior to the 2014–2015 season.
ESPN announced on May 8, 2015, that Simmons' contract, which was due to expire in September 2015, would not be renewed.
''Grantland''
Simmons served as the editor-in-chief of Grantland, a website owned by ESPN covering sports and pop culture that launched on June 8, 2011.ESPN MediaZone (2011) All-Star Roster of Writers and Editors to Join New ESPN Web Site . Retrieved May 3, 2011. The website's name was a reference to deceased sportswriter Grantland Rice, though it was reportedly not Simmons' choice for the name. Sports blog Deadspin had previously reported in 2010 that Simmons was working on a "top secret editorial project." Some key contributors to the website included Jalen Rose, Zach Lowe, Kirk Goldsberry and Wesley Morris. In August 2014, ESPN announced that Simmons would be leaving NBA Countdown in order to produce an 18 episode primetime show for ESPN through his site called The Grantland Basketball Show-later changed to The Grantland Basketball Hour-which would debut on October 21, 2014. In these episodes, Simmons discussed NBA-related current events as well as some of his more popular sports columns with his co-host Jalen Rose. Special guests included fellow journalists, pop culture celebrities, as well as current and former coaches and athletes. Months after it decided not to renew its contract with Simmons, ESPN shut down the Grantland website on October 30, 2015.
HBO
On July 22, 2015, Simmons announced he had signed a new multi-platform deal with
HBO
Home Box Office (HBO) is an American premium television network, which is the flagship property of namesake parent subsidiary Home Box Office, Inc., itself a unit owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. The overall Home Box Office business unit is ba ...
starting in October 2015. As part of this deal, he would host a weekly talk show, '' Any Given Wednesday''. The show premiered on June 22, 2016. It was cancelled in November 2016. Simmons's multimedia deal with the network continued, and he announced there were plans for future projects at HBO. A documentary on André the Giant was co-produced by HBO Sports, the WWE and the Bill Simmons Media Group, with Jason Hehir directing. The documentary aired on
HBO
Home Box Office (HBO) is an American premium television network, which is the flagship property of namesake parent subsidiary Home Box Office, Inc., itself a unit owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. The overall Home Box Office business unit is ba ...
on April 10, 2018.
In late July 2018 it was revealed that HBO decided to renew Simmons's contract to remain with the network moving forward.
''The Ringer''
Simmons announced the launch of his new website, ''The Ringer'', on February 17, 2016. The site was to be run as part of his venture, the Bill Simmons Media Group, that was launched in the fall of 2015. The media group includes several podcasts focusing on different aspects of sports, pop culture, and technology today, and features writers on ''The Ringer'' website as hosts of these podcasts. The website also hired a number of staffers who formerly worked with Simmons at Grantland. ''The Ringer'' went live on June 1, 2016.
On May 30, 2017, Vox Media announced that it had entered into a deal to provide advertising sales and access to its publishing platform as part of a revenue sharing agreement. Simmons retained editorial control of the website. On February 5, 2020, Simmons announced that Spotify was buying ''The Ringer'' for approximately $200 million, with Daniel Ek describing ''The Ringer'' as "the new ESPN." Simmons stated that ''The Ringer'' will maintain content and editorial independence.
At ''The Ringer'', Simmons serves as CEO, writing less than during his previous endeavors. He hosts ''The Bill Simmons Podcast'' which regularly rotates through conversations and interviews with Hollywood personalities, professional athletes, other media pundits, old friends, and family. Regulars include his college roommate Joe House, Sal Iacono, Ryen Russillo, Chuck Klosterman, David Chang, and Simmons' father.
In June 2020, Simmons received criticism for the lack of racial diversity in ''The Ringer'' following email comments he made to '' The New York Times'', particularly that: "It's a business. This isn't Open Mic Night." Critics noted that Simmons employed his nephew as a producer and had created a podcast for his teenage daughter.
Now I Can Die in Peace
''Now I Can Die in Peace: How ESPN's Sports Guy Found Salvation, With a Little Help From Nomar, Pedro, Shawshank and the 2004 Red Sox'' is a 2006 sports anthology of original columns written by ESPN sports writer Bill Simmons. Simmons, a passionat ...
''. The book is a collection of his columns, with minor changes and lengthy footnotes, leading up to the
2004 World Series
The 2004 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2004 season. The 100th edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff between the American League (AL) champion Boston Red Sox and the National Leag ...
victory by the Boston Red Sox. The book spent five weeks on ''The New York Times'' extended best-seller list.
In July 2008, Simmons announced that he would be taking 10 weeks off from writing columns for ESPN.com's Page 2 to concentrate on finishing his second book, '' The Book of Basketball: The NBA According to the Sports Guy'', which was released on October 27, 2009. The book tries to find out who really are the best players and teams of all time and the answers to some of the greatest "What ifs?" in NBA history. It debuted at the top of ''The New York Times'' Best Seller list for non-fiction books.
Style
When Simmons first started his website, he wrote what he thought friends would enjoy reading because he never understood how people could be sportswriters while claiming they did not care which team won, in the name of journalistic objectivity. Since Simmons was writing on the web he figured that "in order to get people to read it, it had to be different from what people got in newspapers and magazines." He claims that he believed his job was not to get into the heads of the players, but into the heads of his readers, and to do so by updating frequently and being provocative, and get a discussion going with his readers. Simmons has stated that he "...will never write a traditional sports column."
With his column, Simmons aims to speak for, reconnect sportswriting with, and reproduce the experience for the average fan. Simmons' writing in his columns is characterized by mixing sports knowledge, references to
pop culture
Pop or POP may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Music
* Pop music, a musical genre Artists
* POP, a Japanese idol group now known as Gang Parade
* Pop!, a UK pop group
* Pop! featuring Angie Hart, an Australian band
Albums
* Pop (Gas al ...
including movies and television shows, his non-sports-related personal life, his many fantasy sports teams, video games, and references to adult video. His columns often mention trips to Las Vegas or other gambling venues with his friends, including blackjack and sports gambling.
In 2007, he was named the 12th-most influential person in online sports by the ''
Sports Business Journal
American City Business Journals, Inc. (ACBJ) is an American newspaper publisher based in Charlotte, North Carolina. ACBJ publishes The Business Journals, which contains local business news for 44 markets in the United States, Hemmings Motor News ...
'', the highest position on the list for a non-executive.
Controversy
A frequent column target for Simmons in the past has been former
New York Knicks
The New York Knickerbockers, shortened and more commonly referred to as the New York Knicks, are an American professional basketball team based in the New York City borough of Manhattan. The Knicks compete in the National Basketball Associat ...
coach and general manager
Isiah Thomas
Isiah Lord Thomas III (born April 30, 1961) is an American former professional basketball player and coach who is an analyst for ''NBA TV''. The 12-time NBA All-Star was named one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History as well as the 75 Grea ...
. This led to Thomas threatening Simmons on
Stephen A. Smith
Stephen Anthony Smith (born ) is an American sports television personality, sports radio host, and sports journalist. He is a commentator on ESPN's ''First Take'', where he appears with Molly Qerim. He also makes frequent appearances as an N ...
's radio show in early 2006, saying that there would be "trouble" if they ever met in the street. Upon a meeting in Las Vegas, they both decided they were entertainers at heart. Simmons and Red Sox announcer Jerry Remy feuded over the presidency of Red Sox Nation. The Red Sox asked Simmons to run for the ceremonial position and he accepted. In a candidate's memo, Simmons remarked that he was a better choice than Remy because he is not a smoker. Remy criticized Simmons for about five minutes during the July 16, 2007 NESN broadcast of a Red Sox - Royals game. Simmons later removed himself from consideration and Remy was named president.
In September 2017, Simmons voiced his support for Jemele Hill, who became involved in controversy after tweeting her personal views on Donald Trump.
On September 1, 2021, ''The New York Times'' published an investigation into ''The Ringer''′s workplace culture. It included accusations that Simmons had tried to marginalize ''The Ringer''′s newly-formed union, through tactics such as bringing in contract workers and unfollowing writers on Twitter who had expressed support for the union.
On April 26 2022, Simmons drew criticism from current and former NBA players over his comment stating "...fuck Jalen Green" when discussing his choices for All-Rookie first team. Simmons later clarified that the expletive was a joke and not a personal attack, and that he was simply indicating his preference for Herb Jones as a candidate for the All-Rookie team. On May 24, 2022, Simmons hosted Jalen Green as a guest on his podcast, where the two discussed the controversy and cleared the air.
Conflicts with ESPN
Simmons has, at times, had a tense and public battle with ESPN about creative freedom and censorship. In May 2008, Simmons was embroiled in a dispute with management at ESPN.com. When asked by the editors of '' Deadspin'' why he had not written a new column in over two weeks, he said that he was writing less because he loved writing his column and believed that he and ESPN had come to an agreement "on creative lines, media criticism rules, the promotion of the column and everything else on ESPN.com" but within a few months all of those things changed.
A month before the feud erupted, Simmons was scheduled to interview then-senator Barack Obama for a podcast. Obama was still running against then-senator Hillary Clinton for the Democratic nomination at the time. ESPN nixed the interview, saying that they would only allow its reporters and columnists to interview a presidential candidate once the nomination had been finalized.
In November 2008, according to ''Deadspin'', Simmons had quit the ''B.S. Report'' due to the content being edited out of them. The controversy revolved around the entry of pornstar Christian into an ESPN
fantasy basketball
Fantasy basketball is a game in which the participants serve as owners and general managers of virtual professional basketball teams. The competitors select their rosters by participating in a draft in which all relevant National Basketball A ...
league. Simmons was upset that his explanation of ESPN's refusal to allow him into the league was edited out of a podcast. On November 25, 2008, Simmons returned to recording his ''B.S. Report'' podcast with a disclaimer, which said "The ''BS Report'' is a free flowing conversation that occasionally touches on mature subjects."
In late 2009, Simmons was punished by ESPN for writing tweets critical of Boston sports radio station WEEI's '' The Big Show''. He was suspended for two weeks from Twitter, though he was still allowed to post tweets about his ongoing book tour. ESPN again suspended him from Twitter in March 2013 after he posted tweets critical of ESPN's '' First Take''.
On September 24, 2014, ESPN suspended Simmons for three weeks for criticizing
NFL
The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the major ...
commissioner
Roger Goodell
Roger Stokoe Goodell (born February 19, 1959) is an American businessman who is currently the commissioner of the National Football League (NFL). On August 8, 2006, Goodell was chosen to succeed retiring commissioner Paul Tagliabue. He was chosen ...
's handling of the Ray Rice domestic violence case. During his podcast, Simmons stated that Goodell was lying when he claimed that he did not know what was on the tape that showed Rice punching his fiancé in the face and knocking her out in a hotel elevator.
On May 8, 2015, ESPN president John Skipper announced that the sports media conglomerate would not be renewing Simmons's contract, which was set to expire in September 2015. On May 15, it was announced Simmons was officially done at ESPN, effective immediately.
Personal life
Simmons is married to Kari Simmons (
née
A birth name is the name of a person given upon birth. The term may be applied to the surname, the given name, or the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a birth certificate or birth re ...
Crichton), mentioned only as "The Sports Gal" in his columns. They have two children together, daughter Zoe Simmons (born 2005) and son Benjamin Oakley Simmons (born 2007). His father, William Simmons (born 1947), also referred to as "The Sports Dad", was the superintendent of schools in Easton, Massachusetts, for more than 15 years.
Simmons is a devoted fan of Boston's teams including the Boston Red Sox,
New England Patriots
The New England Patriots are a professional American football team based in the Greater Boston area. They compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) AFC East, East divisio ...
, and
Boston Celtics
The Boston Celtics ( ) are an American professional basketball team based in Boston. The Celtics compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division. Founded in 1946 as one of t ...
. He was a longtime fan of the Boston Bruins and the NHL, but claims that their poor management led to his completely losing interest in them until the 2008 playoffs. He also says he is a fan of English Premier League soccer team Tottenham Hotspur, and he has had playful debates on soccer with previous ESPN colleague
David Hirshey
David Hirshey is an American book editor and a contributing editor at ''Esquire.'' The senior vice president and executive editor of HarperCollins from 1998-2016, he was previously an editor for the ''New Yorker''. Among others, he has worked with ...
, a soccer columnist and a die-hard fan of Tottenham's fierce rival
Arsenal
An arsenal is a place where arms and ammunition are made, maintained and repaired, stored, or issued, in any combination, whether privately or publicly owned. Arsenal and armoury (British English) or armory (American English) are mostly ...
HBCU
Historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) are institutions of higher education in the United States that were established before the Civil Rights Act of 1964 with the intention of primarily serving the African-American community. Mo ...
graduates.
Influence
Simmons also has created numerous internet memes, most notably the ''
Ewing
Ewing may refer to:
People
* Ewing (surname)
* Ewing (given name)
Places
;United States
* Ewing Township, Boone County, Arkansas
* Ewing, Illinois, a village
* Ewing Township, Franklin County, Illinois
* Ewing, Indiana, an unincorporated communi ...
Theory'' (though the idea was originally proposed by a reader),
The Tyson Zone
''The Tyson Zone'' is a phrase coined by sports writer Bill Simmons (although the idea came from one of his readers), to describe the point at which a celebrity's behavior becomes so unpredictable, that there is nothing they could do that would sho ...