European Charter Of Local Self-Government
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The European Charter of Local Self-Government was adopted under the auspices of the
Congress of the Council of Europe The Congress of Local and Regional Authorities is the pan-European political assembly representing local and regional authorities from the forty-six member states of the Council of Europe. Its role is to promote local and regional democracy, imp ...
and was opened for signature by the
Council of Europe The Council of Europe (CoE; , CdE) is an international organisation with the goal of upholding human rights, democracy and the Law in Europe, rule of law in Europe. Founded in 1949, it is Europe's oldest intergovernmental organisation, represe ...
's member states on 15 October 1985. All Council of Europe member states are parties to the Charter. New member states of the Council of Europe are expected to ratify the Charter at the earliest opportunity. The Charter commits the ratifying member states to guaranteeing the political, administrative and financial independence of local authorities. It provides that the principle of local self-government shall be recognised in domestic legislation and, where practicable, in the constitution. Local authorities are to be elected by
universal suffrage Universal suffrage or universal franchise ensures the right to vote for as many people bound by a government's laws as possible, as supported by the " one person, one vote" principle. For many, the term universal suffrage assumes the exclusion ...
, and it is the earliest legal instrument to set out the principle of subsidiarity.


The Charter

Local authorities, acting within the limits of the law, are to be able to regulate and manage a substantial share of public affairs under their own responsibility in the interests of the local population. The Charter considers that public responsibilities should be exercised preferably by the authorities closest to the citizens, a higher level being considered only when the co-ordination or discharge of duties is impossible or less efficient at the level immediately below. To this end, the Charter sets out the principles concerning the protection of local authorities' boundaries, the existence of adequate administrative structures and resources for the carrying out of their tasks, the conditions under which responsibilities are to be exercised, the financial resources of local authorities and the legal protection of local self-government. It limits the administrative supervision of local authorities' activities to the verification of lawfulness only. The principles of local self-government contained in the Charter apply to all categories of local authorities. Ratifying states undertake to consider themselves bound by at least twenty paragraphs of Part I of the Charter, including at least ten from among the following: * Article 2, * Article 3, paragraphs 1 and 2, * Article 4, paragraphs 1, 2 and 4, * Article 5, * Article 7, paragraph 1, * Article 8, paragraph 2, * Article 9, paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, * Article 10, paragraph 1, * Article 11. In 2009, a protocol to the Charter (on the right to participate in the affairs of a local authority) was adopted. It entered into force on 1 June 2012. The Congress of Local and Regional Authorities has developed a database named "Carta-Monitor". This database provides access to the analysis, article by article, carried out during the Congress' monitoring missions in the 46 Member States. It also allows for comparative analysis on several articles and countries, as well as statistical research on ratifications of articles and compliance with their implementation. Every report on the application of the Charter in member states or the local elections that the Congress has observed can be consulted on the Congress' web site.


Group of Independent Experts on the European Charter

The Council of Europe has constituted a consultative body called the Group of Independent Experts on the European Charter, consisting of senior academics. The Group meets twice a year to consider a range of matters related to the European Charter of Local Self-Government, and it also provides legal advice and support to the elected members of the Congress of the Council of Europe who undertake a programme of missions to monitor the situation of local and regional democracy in member states of the Council. The Group is currently considering, through a working group, the question of the possible revision of the Charter, in liaison with the Secretariat and the '' Rapporteur'' of the Congress.


References


External links


Full text of the European Charter of Local Self-Government

Table of signatures and ratifications



Official website of the Congress of the Council of Europe

Congress' web page for the Charter

Carta-Monitor: Database of the Charter Monitoring

List of the Monitoring and Observation reports on the Congress' web site

Group of Independent Experts on the European Charter
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