Eucithara Funiculata
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

''Eucithara'' is a
genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of small to quite large
sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...
s, marine
gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
s in the family
Mangeliidae Mangeliidae is a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized, predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea. Bouchet, P. (2011). Mangeliidae P. Fischer, 1883. In: MolluscaBase (2016). Accessed through: World Regis ...
. This genus has been a convenient dumping ground for many Indo-Pacific species. A profound study is still lacking and
polyphyly A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which ar ...
probably occurs, as shown by the
radula The radula (; : radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by mollusks for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters ...
e of the few species examined.


Description

Species in this genus show a rather solid turreted-fusiform shell, sculptured by bold longitudinal ribs, over-run by dense spiral threads, and decussated by an even finer radial striatum. The
aperture In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...
is as long, or longer, than the
spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spire ...
, fortified externally by a stout
varix A varix (: varices) is an abnormally dilated blood vessel with a tortuous course. Varices usually occur in the venous system, but may also occur in arterial or lymphatic vessels. Examples of varices include: * Varicose veins, large tortuous veins ...
which ascends the previous
whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). In nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral diagra ...
, includes a semi-circular sinus, and extends a free edge over the mouth. Within the outer
lip The lips are a horizontal pair of soft appendages attached to the jaws and are the most visible part of the mouth of many animals, including humans. Mammal lips are soft, movable and serve to facilitate the ingestion of food (e.g. sucklin ...
are a series of short entering ridges, and the
columella Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (, Arabic: ) was a prominent Roman writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture and ancient Roman cuisin ...
bears a corresponding series of deeply entering horizontal bars.


Distribution

This genus has a wide distribution in the
Red Sea The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. Its connection to the ocean is in the south, through the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait and the Gulf of Aden. To its north lie the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and th ...
, the
Persian Gulf The Persian Gulf, sometimes called the Arabian Gulf, is a Mediterranean seas, mediterranean sea in West Asia. The body of water is an extension of the Arabian Sea and the larger Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.Un ...
, the
Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approximately 20% of the water area of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia (continent), ...
, the
Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is ...
, the
East China Sea The East China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean, located directly offshore from East China. China names the body of water along its eastern coast as "East Sea" (, ) due to direction, the name of "East China Sea" is otherwise ...
; off Australia (
Northern Territory The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT; known formally as the Northern Territory of Australia and informally as the Territory) is an states and territories of Australia, Australian internal territory in the central and central-northern regi ...
,
Queensland Queensland ( , commonly abbreviated as Qld) is a States and territories of Australia, state in northeastern Australia, and is the second-largest and third-most populous state in Australia. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Austr ...
,
Tasmania Tasmania (; palawa kani: ''Lutruwita'') is an island States and territories of Australia, state of Australia. It is located to the south of the Mainland Australia, Australian mainland, and is separated from it by the Bass Strait. The sta ...
,
Western Australia Western Australia (WA) is the westernmost state of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Aust ...
).


Species

According to the
World Register of Marine Species The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scien ...
(WoRMS), the following species with accepted names are included within the genus ''Eucithara'' * ''
Eucithara abakcheutos ''Eucithara abakcheutos'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara abakcheutos Kilburn, 1992. In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.mar ...
'' Kilburn, 1992 * ''
Eucithara abbreviata ''Eucithara abbreviata'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara abbreviata (Garrett, 1873). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.mar ...
'' (Garrett, 1873) * ''
Eucithara alacris ''Eucithara alacris'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara alacris Hedley, 1922. In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecie ...
'' Hedley, 1922 * ''
Eucithara albivestis ''Eucithara albivestis'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara albivestis (Pilsbry, 1934). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.mar ...
'' (Pilsbry, 1934) * ''
Eucithara amabilis ''Eucithara amabilis'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara amabilis (Nevill & Nevill, 1874). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www ...
'' (Nevill & Nevill, 1874) * ''
Eucithara angela ''Eucithara angela'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara angela (Adams & Angas, 1864). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marin ...
'' (Adams & Angas, 1864) * ''
Eucithara angiostoma ''Eucithara angiostoma'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara angiostoma (Pease, 1868). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marin ...
'' (Pease, 1868) * '' Eucithara antillarum'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara arenivaga'' Hedley, 1922 * '' Eucithara articulata'' (Sowerby III, 1894) * '' Eucithara bascauda'' (Melvill & Standen, 1896) * '' Eucithara bathyraphe'' (Smith E. A., 1882) * ''
Eucithara bicolor ''Eucithara bicolor'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara bicolor (Reeve, 1846). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespeci ...
'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara bisacchii'' (Hornung & Mermod, 1929) * '' Eucithara brocha'' Hedley, 1922 * '' Eucithara caledonica'' (Smith E. A., 1882) * '' Eucithara capillaris'' Kilburn & Dekker, 2008 * '' Eucithara capillata'' (Hervier, 1897) * '' Eucithara castanea'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara cazioti'' (Preston, 1905) * '' Eucithara celebensis'' (Hinds, 1843) * '' Eucithara cincta'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara cinnamomea'' (Hinds, 1843) * '' Eucithara columbelloides'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara compressicosta'' (Boettger, 1895) * '' Eucithara coniformis'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara conohelicoides'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara coronata'' (Hinds, 1843) * '' Eucithara crystallina'' (Hervier, 1897) * '' Eucithara dealbata'' (R.P.J. Hervier, 1897) * '' Eucithara debilis'' (Pease, 1868) * '' Eucithara decussata'' (Pease, 1868) * '' Eucithara delacouriana'' (Crosse, 1869) * '' Eucithara diaglypha'' (Hervier, 1897) * '' Eucithara dubiosa'' (Nevill & Nevill, 1875) * '' Eucithara duplaris'' (Melvill, 1923) * '' Eucithara edithae'' (Melvill & Standen, 1901) * '' Eucithara elegans'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara ella'' (Thiele, 1925) * '' Eucithara eumerista'' (Melvill & Standen, 1896) * '' Eucithara fasciata'' (L.A. Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara funebris'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara funiculata'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara fusiformis'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara gevahi'' Singer, 2012 * '' Eucithara gibbosa'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara gracilis'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara gradata'' (Nevill & Nevill, 1875) * '' Eucithara grata'' (Smith E. A., 1884) * '' Eucithara gruveli'' (Dautzenberg, 1932) * '' Eucithara guentheri'' (Sowerby III, 1893) * '' Eucithara harpellina'' (Hervier, 1897) * '' Eucithara hirasei'' (Pilsbry, 1904) * '' Eucithara interstriata'' (Smith E. A., 1876) * '' Eucithara isophanes'' (R.P.J. Hervier, 1897) * '' Eucithara isseli'' (Nevill & Nevill, 1875) * '' Eucithara lamellata'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara lepidella'' (Hervier, 1897) *'' Eucithara lota'' (Gould, 1860) * '' Eucithara lyra'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara macteola'' Kilburn, 1992 * '' Eucithara makadiensis'' Kilburn & Dekker, 2008 * '' Eucithara marerosa'' Kilburn, 1992 * '' Eucithara marginelloides'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara milia'' (R.A. Philippi, 1851) * '' Eucithara miriamica'' Hedley, 1922 * '' Eucithara monochoria'' Hedley, 1922 * '' Eucithara moraria'' Hedley, 1922 * '' Eucithara nana'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara nevilliana'' (Preston, 1904) * '' Eucithara novaehollandiae'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara obesa'' (Reeve, 1846) * ''
Eucithara pagoda ''Eucithara pagoda'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara pagoda (May, 1910). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.o ...
'' (May, 1911) * '' Eucithara paucicostata'' (Pease, 1868) * '' Eucithara perhumerata'' Kilburn & Dekker, 2008 * '' Eucithara planilabrum'' (Reeve, 1843) * '' Eucithara pulchella'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara pulchra'' Bozzetti, 2009 * '' Eucithara pusilla'' (Pease, 1860) * '' Eucithara ringens'' (Sowerby III, 1893) * '' Eucithara rufolineata'' S. Higo & Y. Goto, 1993 * '' Eucithara seychellarum'' (Smith E. A., 1884) * '' Eucithara solida'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara souverbiei'' (Tryon, 1884) * '' Eucithara striatella'' (Smith E. A., 1884) * '' Eucithara striatissima'' (Sowerby III, 1907) * '' Eucithara stromboides'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara subglobosa'' (Hervier, 1897) * '' Eucithara subterranea'' (P.F. Röding, 1798) * '' Eucithara tenebrosa'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara trivittata'' (Adams & Reeve, 1850) * '' Eucithara turricula'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara typhonota'' (Melvill & Standen, 1901) * '' Eucithara typica'' (Smith E. A., 1884) * '' Eucithara ubuhle'' Kilburn, 1992 * '' Eucithara unicolor'' Bozzetti, 2020 * '' Eucithara unilineata'' (Smith E. A., 1876) * '' Eucithara vexillum'' (Reeve, 1846) * '' Eucithara villaumeae'' Kilburn & Dekker, 2008 * '' Eucithara vitiensis'' (Smith E. A., 1884) * ''
Eucithara vittata ''Eucithara vittata'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara vittata. In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.p ...
'' (Hinds, 1843) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Eucithara abyssicola'' (Reeve, 1846) : synonym of ''
Eucithara vittata ''Eucithara vittata'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara vittata. In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.p ...
'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara anna'' F.P. Jousseaume, 1883: synonym of '' Eucithara novaehollandiae'' (Reeve, 1846) * ''Eucithara balansai'' J.C.H. Crosse, 1873: synonym of ''
Eucithara angela ''Eucithara angela'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara angela (Adams & Angas, 1864). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marin ...
'' (A. Adams & G.F. Angas, 1864) * ''Eucithara basedowi'' Hedley, 1918 : synonym of '' Pseudanachis basedowi'' (Hedley, 1918) * ''Eucithara biclathrata'' S.M. Souverbie in S.M. Souverbie & R.P. Montrouzier, 1872 : synonym of ''
Eucithara vittata ''Eucithara vittata'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara vittata. In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.p ...
'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara brevis'' W.H. Pease, 1867: synonym of ''Eucithara coronata cithara'' (A.A. Gould, 1851) * ''Eucithara butonensis'' (Schepman, 1913): synonym of '' Cytharopsis butonensis'' (Schepman, 1913) * ''Eucithara capillacea'' (Reeve, 1846): synonym of '' Eucithara coronata'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara chionea'' J.C. Melvill & R. Standen, 1899: synonym of'' Eucithara coronata'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara citharella'' E.A. Smith, 1876: synonym of '' Eucithara lyra'' (Reeve, 1846) * ''Eucithara compta'' (Adams & Angas, 1864)synonym of ''
Marita compta ''Marita compta'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Mangeliidae.Bouchet, P. (2014). Marita compta (A. Adams & Angas, 1864). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Sp ...
'' (A. Adams & Angas, 1864) * ''Eucithara coniformis'' S.M. Souverbie, 1875: synonym of '' Eucithara souverbiei'' (Tryon, 1884) * ''Eucithara crassilabrum'' (Reeve, 1846): synonym of '' Eucithara novaehollandiae'' (Reeve, 1846) * ''Eucithara cylindrica'' (Reeve, 1846) : synonym of '' Gingicithara cylindrica'' (Reeve, 1846) * ''Eucithara daedalea'' W.H. Pease, 1867: synonym of '' Eucithara debilis'' (Pease, 1868) * ''Eucithara deliciosa'' K.H. Barnard, 1959: synonym of '' Pseudorhaphitoma ichthys'' (Melvill, J.C., 1910) * ''Eucithara effosa'' P.F. Röding, 1798: synonym of '' Eucithara subterranea'' (P.F. Röding, 1798) * ''Eucithara eupoecila'' R.P.J. Hervier, 1897: synonym of'' Eucithara coronata'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara euselma'' (Melvill & Standen, 1896) : synonym of '' Gingicithara notabilis'' (E. A. Smith, 1888) * ''Eucithara glariosa'' (A.A. Gould, 1860): synonym of '' Cythara glareosa'' Gould, A.A., 1860 * ''Eucithara guestieri'' (Souverbie, 1872): synonym of '' Eucithara novaehollandiae'' (L.A. Reeve, 1846) * ''Eucithara hornbeckii'' L.A. Reeve, 1846: synonym of'' Eucithara coronata'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara hypercalles'' Melvill, J.C., 1898: synonym of '' Eucithara fusiformis'' (Reeve, 1846) * ''Eucithara iota'' A.A. Gould, 1860: synonym of '' Eucithara lota'' (Gould, 1860) * ''Eucithara lyrica'' (Reeve, 1846 in 1843-65) : synonym of '' Gingicithara lyrica'' (Reeve, 1846) * ''Eucithara matakuana'' (Smith, 1884) : synonym of '' Eucithara delacouriana'' (Crosse, 1869) * ''Eucithara onager'' (S.M. Souverbie, 1875): synonym of '' Eucithara conohelicoides'' (L.A. Reeve, 1846) * ''Eucithara optabilis'' G.B. III Sowerby, 1907: synonym of'' Eucithara coronata'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara pallida'' (Reeve, 1846): synonym of '' Eucithara coronata'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara pellucida'' (Reeve, 1846) : synonym of '' Citharomangelia pellucida'' (Reeve, 1846) * ''Eucithara phyllidis'' Hedley, 1922 : synonym of '' Anacithara phyllidis'' (Hedley, 1922) * ''Eucithara pura'' H.A. Pilsbry, 1904: synonym of ''
Eucithara albivestis ''Eucithara albivestis'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara albivestis (Pilsbry, 1934). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.mar ...
'' (H.A. Pilsbry, 1934) * ''Eucithara porcellanea'' (Kilburn, 1992): synonym of ''Leiocithara'' Hedley, 1922 * ''Eucithara pygmaea'' G.B. Sowerby, 1846: synonym of '' Eucithara isseli'' (Nevill & Nevill, 1875) * ''Eucithara quadrilineata'' (G. B. Sowerby III, 1913): synonym of '' Citharomangelia quadrilineata'' (G. B. Sowerby III, 1913) * ''Eucithara raffini'' R.P.J. Hervier, 1897: synonym of '' Eucithara unilineata'' (Smith E. A., 1876) * ''Eucithara reticulata'' (Reeve, 1846) : synonym of '' Eucithara obesa'' (Reeve, 1846) * ''Eucithara rubrocincta'' E.A. Smith, 1882: synonym of ''
Eucithara vittata ''Eucithara vittata'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara vittata. In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.p ...
'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara semizonata'' (Hervier, 1897): synonym of '' Eucithara coronata'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara signa'' J.C. Melvill & R. Standen, 1896, 1897: synonym of '' Eucithara eumerista'' (Melvill & Standen, 1896) * ''Eucithara stellatomoides'' (Shuto, 1883): synonym of '' Antiguraleus stellatomoides'' Shuto, 1983 * ''Eucithara subgibbosa'' (Hervier, 1897): synonym of '' Eucithara coronata'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara triticea'' L.A. Reeve, 1843: synonym of ''
Eucithara angiostoma ''Eucithara angiostoma'' is a small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.WoRMS (2009). Eucithara angiostoma (Pease, 1868). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marin ...
'' (W.H. Pease, 1868) * ''Eucithara unifasciata'' (G.P. Deshayes, 1834) : synonym of '' Mangelia unifasciata'' (Deshayes, 1835) * ''Eucithara waterhousei'' (Smith E. A., 1884) : synonym of'' Eucithara coronata'' (Hinds, 1843) * ''Eucithara zonata'' (Reeve, 1846): synonym of '' Eucithara coronata'' (Hinds, 1843) The Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database adds the following names in current use to the list OBIS : Eucithara
/ref> * ''Eucithara cinnamomea cinnamomea'' (Hinds, 1843-g) * ''Eucithara cithara'' (Gould, 1851): synonym of ''Eucithara coronata cithara'' (A.A. Gould, 1851) * ''Eucithara gracilis gracilis'' (Reeve, 1846 in 1843-65) * ''Eucithara gracilis striolata'' (Bouge & Dautzenberg, 1914)


References

* Fischer, 1883: Manuel de conchyliologie et de paléontologie conchyliologique, (6): 593 * Kilburn R.N. 1992. ''Turridae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of southern Africa and Mozambique. Part 6. Subfamily Mangeliinae, section 1.'' Annals of the Natal Museum, 33: 461–575


External links

*
Bouchet, P.; Kantor, Y. I.; Sysoev, A.; Puillandre, N. (2011). A new operational classification of the Conoidea. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77, 273-308


{{Taxonbar, from=Q3137807