''Eucalyptus macrorhyncha'', commonly known as the red stringybark, is a species of medium-sized tree that is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...

to eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy, grey to brown bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

Description

''Eucalyptus macrorhyncha'' is a tree that typically grows to a height of and forms a

lignotuber A lignotuber is a woody swelling of the root crown possessed by some plants as a protection against destruction of the plant stem, such as by fire. Other woody plants may develop basal burls as a similar survival strategy, often as a respons ...

. It has rough, stringy, grey to reddish brown bark on the trunk and branches. Young plants and

coppice Coppicing is the traditional method in woodland management of cutting down a tree to a tree stump, stump, which in many species encourages new Shoot (botany), shoots to grow from the stump or roots, thus ultimately regrowing the tree. A forest ...

regrowth have egg-shaped leaves long and wide. Adult leaves are lance-shaped to curved, the same dull to glossy green colour on both sides, long and wide on a

petiole Petiole may refer to: *Petiole (botany), the stalk of a leaf, attaching the blade to the stem *Petiole (insect anatomy) In entomology, petiole is the technical term for the narrow waist of some hymenopteran insects, especially ants, bees, and ...

long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven, nine or eleven in leaf axils on an unbranched peduncle long, the individual buds on

pedicels In botany, a pedicel is a stem that attaches a single flower to the inflorescence In botany, an inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a plant's Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branch ...

long. Mature buds are diamond-shaped, long and wide with a beaked operculum. Flowering occurs between February and July and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody hemispherical or shortened spherical capsule long and wide with the valves protruding above the rim of the fruit. Near Bundarra and

Barraba Barraba is a town in the New England region of northern New South Wales, Australia. It was formerly the centre of Barraba Shire local government area, but most of this, including Barraba, was absorbed into Tamworth Regional Council in 2004. On ...

, this species is difficult to distinguish from '' E. laevopinea''.

Taxonomy and naming

''Eucalyptus macrorhyncha'' was first formally described in 1867 by

George Bentham George Bentham (22 September 1800 – 10 September 1884) was an English botanist, described by the weed botanist Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century". Born into a distinguished family, he initially studie ...

based on specimens collected by Frederick Adamson and by

Ferdinand von Mueller Baron Sir Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von Mueller, (; 30 June 1825 – 10 October 1896) was a German-Australian physician, geographer, and most notably, a botanist. He was appointed government botanist for the then colony of Victoria, Australia ...

who gave the species its name and wrote an unpublished description. The formal description was published in ''

Flora Australiensis ''Flora Australiensis: a description of the plants of the Australian Territory'', more commonly referred to as ''Flora Australiensis'', and also known by its standard abbreviation ''Fl. Austral.'', is a seven-volume Flora of Australia published b ...

''. In 1973,

Lawrie Johnson Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson (26 June 1925 – 1 August 1997) known as Lawrie Johnson, was an Australian taxonomic botanist. He worked at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, for the whole of his professional career, as a botanist (1948–1 ...

and Donald Blaxell changed the name of ''Eucalyptus cannonii'' to ''E. macrorhyncha'' subsp. ''cannonii'' and the names of the two subspecies are accepted by the

Australian Plant Census The Australian Plant Census (APC) provides an online interface to currently accepted, published, scientific names of the vascular flora of Australia, as one of the output interfaces of the national government Integrated Biodiversity Information Sys ...

: * ''Eucalyptus macrorhyncha'' subsp. ''cannonii'' ( R.T.Baker) L.A.S.Johnson & Blaxell has larger buds and wider fruit with more protruding valves than subspecies ''macrorhyncha''; * ''Eucalyptus macrorhyncha'' F.Muell. ex Benth. subsp. ''macrorhyncha''. The

Wiradjuri The Wiradjuri people (; ) are a group of Aboriginal Australian people from central New South Wales, united by common descent through kinship and shared traditions. They survived as skilled hunter-fisher-gatherers, in family groups or clans, a ...

people of

New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South ...

use the name ''gundhay'' for the species.

Distribution and habitat

Red stringybark occurs on ranges and tablelands of New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory and Victoria, with a small, disjunct population in the

Spring Gully Conservation Park Spring Gully Conservation Park, formerly the Spring Gully National Park), is a protected area located in the Australian state of South Australia in the localities of Sevenhills and Spring Gully about south of the town centre in Clare. The ...

south-west of Clare in South Australia.Brooker, M.I.H. & Kleinig, D.A. Field Guide to Eucalyptus, Bloomings, Melbourne 2001

Conservation status

''E.macrorhyncha'' is listed as a

least concern species A least-concern species is a species that has been evaluated and Conservation status, categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as not being a focus of wildlife conservation because the specific species is still p ...

with the

International Union for the Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Founded in 1948, IUCN has become the global authority on the status ...

as it is spread over a broad geographic range and has an estimated extent of occurrence of and an estimated area of occupancy of . Although it is also noted that it has a severely fragmented population that is in decline.

Gallery

Image:Stringy bark leaf443.jpg, leaf Image:Stringy bark nut.jpg, fruit Image:Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Stringy bark.jpg, bark

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q4529693 macrorhyncha Myrtales of Australia Flora of the Australian Capital Territory Flora of New South Wales Flora of South Australia Flora of Victoria (state) Taxa named by Ferdinand von Mueller Taxa named by George Bentham Plants described in 1867