Etzel Cardeña
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Etzel Cardeña (born 9 November 1957) is the Thorsen Professor of Psychology at
Lund University Lund University () is a Public university, public research university in Sweden and one of Northern Europe's oldest universities. The university is located in the city of Lund in the Swedish province of Scania. The university was officially foun ...
, Sweden where he is Director of the Centre for Research on Consciousness and Anomalous Psychology (CERCAP). He has served as President of the Society of Psychological Hypnosis, and the Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. He is the current editor of the ''
Journal of Parapsychology The ''Journal of Parapsychology'' is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on psi phenomena, including telepathy, clairvoyance, precognition, and psychokinesis, as well as human consciousness in general and anomalous experie ...
''. He has expressed views in favour of what he terms "an open, informed study on all aspects of consciousness" and the validity of some
paranormal Paranormal events are purported phenomena described in popular culture, folk, and other non-scientific bodies of knowledge, whose existence within these contexts is described as being beyond the scope of normal scientific understanding. Not ...
phenomena. The
Parapsychological Association The Parapsychological Association (PA) was formed in 1957 as a professional society for parapsychologists following an initiative by Joseph Banks Rhine, Joseph B. Rhine. Its purpose has been "to advance parapsychology as a science, to disseminate k ...
honored Cardeña with the 2013 Charles Honorton Integrative Contributions Award. His publications include the books ''Altering Consciousness''Reviews of ''Altering Consciousness'': * * and ''
Varieties of Anomalous Experience ''Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence'' is a book edited by Etzel Cardeña, Steven Jay Lynn and Stanley Krippner and published by the American Psychological Association. The first edition was published in 2000 a ...
''.Reviews of ''Varieties of Anomalous Experience'': * * *


History

Etzel Cardeña is the Thorsen Professor of Psychology (including
parapsychology Parapsychology is the study of alleged psychic phenomena (extrasensory perception, telepathy, teleportation, precognition, clairvoyance, psychokinesis (also called telekinesis), and psychometry (paranormal), psychometry) and other paranormal cla ...
and
hypnosis Hypnosis is a human condition involving focused attention (the selective attention/selective inattention hypothesis, SASI), reduced peripheral awareness, and an enhanced capacity to respond to suggestion.In 2015, the American Psychological ...
) at
Lund University Lund University () is a Public university, public research university in Sweden and one of Northern Europe's oldest universities. The university is located in the city of Lund in the Swedish province of Scania. The university was officially foun ...
, Sweden where he is Director of the Centre for Research on Consciousness and Anomalous Psychology (CERCAP). A native of
Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...
, Cardeña studied at the
Universidad Iberoamericana The Ibero-American University (), also referred to by its acronym ''UIA'' but commonly known as ''Ibero'' or ''La Ibero'', is a private, Catholic, Mexican higher education institution, sponsored by the Mexican province of the Society of Jesus ( ...
in México and completed an MA in clinical psychology at York University in Toronto, Canada and an MA and PhD in Personality Psychology at the
University of California, Davis The University of California, Davis (UC Davis, UCD, or Davis) is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Davis, California, United States. It is the northernmost of the ten campuses of the University ...
. His doctoral thesis under the supervision of
Charles Tart Charles T. Tart (April 29, 1937 – March 5, 2025) was an American psychologist and parapsychologist known for his psychological work on the nature of consciousness (particularly altered states of consciousness), as one of the founders of the f ...
was on the phenomenology of deep states of hypnosis. He subsequently went on to do post-doctoral work in the area of dissociation and
hypnosis Hypnosis is a human condition involving focused attention (the selective attention/selective inattention hypothesis, SASI), reduced peripheral awareness, and an enhanced capacity to respond to suggestion.In 2015, the American Psychological ...
at
Stanford University Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University, is a Private university, private research university in Stanford, California, United States. It was founded in 1885 by railroad magnate Leland Stanford (the eighth ...
under
David Spiegel David Spiegel is an American psychiatrist and the Wilson Professor and Associate Chair of Psychiatry at Stanford University School of Medicine, where he is known for his research into psycho-oncology; the neurobiology of therapeutic hypnosis, an ...
. Cardeña has held academic posts at Georgetown University, the
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU) is a health science university and professional school of the U.S. federal government. The primary mission of the school is to prepare graduates for service to the U.S. at home and abroa ...
(USUHS) and the
University of Texas–Pan American The University of Texas–Pan American (UTPA) was a public university in Edinburg, Texas. Founded in 1927, it was a component institution of the University of Texas System. The university served the Rio Grande Valley (Texas), Rio Grande Valley a ...
, among others. He has served as President of the Society of Psychological Hypnosis (APA Division 30) for 2000–2001, the Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis for 2001–2003, and the
Parapsychological Association The Parapsychological Association (PA) was formed in 1957 as a professional society for parapsychologists following an initiative by Joseph Banks Rhine, Joseph B. Rhine. Its purpose has been "to advance parapsychology as a science, to disseminate k ...
for the year 2008–2009. He has expressed views in favour of the validity of some
paranormal Paranormal events are purported phenomena described in popular culture, folk, and other non-scientific bodies of knowledge, whose existence within these contexts is described as being beyond the scope of normal scientific understanding. Not ...
phenomena. In a 2018 paper in
American Psychologist ''American Psychologist'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. The journal publishes articles of broad interest to psychologists, including empirical reports and scholarly reviews covering science ...
he wrote that "The evidence for psi is comparable to that for established phenomena in psychology and other disciplines, although there is no consensual understanding of them." In a series of interviews with Swedish Newspapers he has said that there is evidence for
telepathy Telepathy () is the purported vicarious transmission of information from one person's mind to another's without using any known human sensory channels or physical interaction. The term was first coined in 1882 by the classical scholar Frederic ...
,
psychokinesis Telekinesis () (alternatively called psychokinesis) is a purported psychic ability allowing an individual to influence a physical system without physical interaction. Experiments to prove the existence of telekinesis have historically been cri ...
and
precognition Precognition (from the Latin 'before', and 'acquiring knowledge') is the purported psychic phenomenon of seeing, or otherwise becoming directly aware of, events in the future. There is no accepted scientific evidence that precognition is a ...
and that he himself has had experiences that could be interpreted as supporting the psi hypothesis. The
Parapsychological Association The Parapsychological Association (PA) was formed in 1957 as a professional society for parapsychologists following an initiative by Joseph Banks Rhine, Joseph B. Rhine. Its purpose has been "to advance parapsychology as a science, to disseminate k ...
honored Cardeña with the 2013 Charles Honorton Integrative Contributions Award. Cardeña has written more than 300 publications. His edited book ''
Varieties of Anomalous Experience ''Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence'' is a book edited by Etzel Cardeña, Steven Jay Lynn and Stanley Krippner and published by the American Psychological Association. The first edition was published in 2000 a ...
: Examining the Scientific Evidence'' published in 2000 and a second edition in 2014 is a scholarly volume on anomalous experiences. His two volumes ''Altering Consciousness'' discusses the importance of altered states across history, culture, and in many disciplines including philosophy, anthropology, psychology, biology, and various others. In addition to his professional work in psychology Etzel Cardeña is the artistic director of the International Theatre of Malmö and has worked in theatre as a director, actor and playwright in Mexico, the US and Sweden. He did graduate studies in theatre directing at the
University of California, Davis The University of California, Davis (UC Davis, UCD, or Davis) is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Davis, California, United States. It is the northernmost of the ten campuses of the University ...
, after having worked professionally in theatre in México and been offered scholarships from the Polish and Canadian governments to do graduate work in acting.


Publications

Scientific publications include more than 250 journal articles and book chapters in journals such as ''
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology Annual may refer to: *Annual publication, periodical publications appearing regularly once per year **Yearbook **Literary annual *Annual plant *Annual report *Annual giving *Annual, Morocco, a settlement in northeastern Morocco *Annuals (band), a ...
'', ''
American Journal of Psychiatry ''The American Journal of Psychiatry'' is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of psychiatry, and is the official journal of the American Psychiatric Association. The first volume was issued in 1844, at which time it was k ...
'', ''
Journal of Abnormal Psychology The ''Journal of Abnormal Psychology'' (formerly ''Journal of Abnormal Psychology and Social Psychology'' and ''Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology'') is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association (AP ...
'', ''
Archives of General Psychiatry ''JAMA Psychiatry'' (until 2013: ''Archives of General Psychiatry'') is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by the American Medical Association. It covers research in psychiatry, mental health, behavioral sciences, and related fields. ...
,'' and ''Cortex,'' and the following books: * Kirsch, I., Capafons, A., Cardeña, E., & Amigó, S. (Eds.) (1999). ''Clinical hypnosis and self-regulation therapy: A cognitive-behavioral perspective''. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. * Cardeña, E., Lynn, S. J., & Krippner, S. (Eds.). (2000). ''
Varieties of Anomalous Experience ''Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence'' is a book edited by Etzel Cardeña, Steven Jay Lynn and Stanley Krippner and published by the American Psychological Association. The first edition was published in 2000 a ...
: Examining the scientific evidence''. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 2nd ed. (2014) Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. * Cardeña, E., & Croyle, K. (Eds.) (2005). ''Acute reactions to trauma and psychotherapy: A multidisciplinary and international perspective''. New York: Haworth Press. Also published as special issue of the Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 6(2).Reviews of ''Acute reactions to trauma and psychotherapy'': * * * Cardeña, E., & Winkelman, M. (2011). Altering consciousness. Multidisciplinary perspectives. Volume I. History, culture, and the humanities; Volume II. Biological and psychological perspectives. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger Publishers.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cardena, Etzel Living people Swedish psychologists Swedish hypnotists Parapsychologists People connected to Lund University 1957 births University of California, Davis alumni Academic journal editors Psychonautics researchers