Etienne Vermeersch (2 May 1934,
Sint-Michiels,
Bruges – 18 January 2019,
Ghent) was a
Belgian moral philosopher, skeptic, opinion maker and debater. He is one of the founding fathers of the abortion,
euthanasia law, and the Law on Patients' Rights in Belgium. Vermeersch became an
atheist after five years with the
Society of Jesus
The Society of Jesus (; abbreviation: S.J. or SJ), also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits ( ; ), is a religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome. It was founded in 1540 ...
(Jesuits). Later he became a philosophical
materialist. In January 2008, Vermeersch was chosen by hundred prominent
Flemings as the most influential intellectual of
Flanders
Flanders ( or ; ) is the Dutch language, Dutch-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to culture, la ...
. He died in a hospital in Ghent on 18 January 2019 by euthanasia after a long illness.
Career
Etienne Vermeersch had an MA in
classical philology and in
philosophy
Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, Value (ethics and social sciences), value, mind, and language. It is a rational an ...
. In 1965 he obtained his PhD on the philosophical implications of
information theory and
cybernetics at Ghent University, Belgium. He became a professor at Ghent University in 1967. For decades he taught
Philosophy of science,
History of philosophy, ''20th-century philosophy'',
Philosophical anthropology and
History of christianity.
He worked on the foundations of the
social sciences
Social science (often rendered in the plural as the social sciences) is one of the branches of science, devoted to the study of society, societies and the Social relation, relationships among members within those societies. The term was former ...
, on the ''philosophical aspects of research into informatics'', on ''
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the capability of computer, computational systems to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making. It is a field of re ...
'', and on ''general social and ethical problems'', mainly with regard to
Bioethics,
Environmental philosophy, and
Cultural philosophy.
He was a Vice-Rector at Ghent University from 1993 until 1997. He was, among others, a member of the Flemish Board for Scientific Policy, of the governmental board of the
Flemish Institute for
Biotechnology
Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that involves the integration of natural sciences and Engineering Science, engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms and parts thereof for products and services. Specialists ...
, member of the Environmental Board of
Flanders
Flanders ( or ; ) is the Dutch language, Dutch-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to culture, la ...
, and member of the Federal Board for
Science Policy. He was also President of the Advisory Committee of
Bioethics. The ''Medical Assisted Reproduction Act'', the ''Scientific Research Act'', even the ''Transgender Act'' would not be what they are today in Belgium without Vermeersch's input. The legalization of therapeutic cloning, which sparked heated debate in the Senate, overcame it thanks to its ethical considerations.
Publications
Etienne Vermeersch published:
* 80 Bio-ethical, philosophical, socio-cultural and scientific articles
* 10 lemmas in the ''Encyclopaedia of World Literature''
* Many (opinion) articles in newspapers, magazines and journals
* 3 syllabi of his colleges
* 15 books (a selection):
** ''An Epistemological Introduction to the Science of Man'', Pub. De Tempel, 1967 (401 pp.)
** ''Current Philosophy'', Pub. Gakko, 1970 (151 pp.)
** ''An Analysis of the Concept of Culture'', Bernardi/Bernardo, ed. – ''The Concept and Dynamics of Culture, World Anthropology'', The Hague, Mouton, 1977 (9–73 pp.)
** ''The Panda's Eyes: An Environmentally Philosophical Essay'', Pub. Van de Wiele, 1988 (72 pp.) – a new version published at Pub. Houtekiet, 2010 (160 pp.)
** ''Environment, Ethics and Cultures'', Biosphere and Economy, Brussels, C.E.C., 1990, (1–40 pp.).
** ''Provençaalse gesprekken'' – Etienne Vermeersch and Willy Weyns – Academic & Scientific publishers, 2013 (pp. 384). Nieuwe druk: Houtekiet, 2020, (208 pp.)
** ''From
Antigone to
Dolly'' (1997) – an edited volume containing articles spanning his entire career was re-published, Pub. Houtekiet, 2019 (295 pp.)
** ''Atheïsm'', Pub. Luster, 2010 (72 pp.)
** ''The Multicultural Society'', Pub. Luster, 2011 (70 pp.)
** ''De ketter en de kerkvorst'' – Etienne Vermeersch and
André Léonard, Pub. De Bezige Bij, 2014 (240 pp.)
** ''On God'', Pub. Vrijdag, 2016 (140 pp.).
** ''De rivier van Herakleitos'' – Etienne Vermeersch and
Johan Braeckman, Pub. Houtekiet, 2019.
** ''Nagelaten Geschriften'' – Etienne Vermeersch (red. Johan Braeckman &
Dirk Verhofstadt, 2019. (476 pp.) – posthume
Skepticism
Professor Vermeersch was also a major Belgian skeptic. He was a founding member of
SKEPP ('Research Society for Critical Evaluation of
Pseudoscience and the
Paranormal'). He lectured and published on this topic for more than 40 years.
In the 1990s there was some commotion in the Belgian media when Vermeersch wrote an article on rational and ethical grounds entitled ''Why the Christian God cannot exist''.
Vermeersch considered the overpopulation of the earth as the most profound problem in the world and related it to the problem of
overconsumption. He supported the human birth control of
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...
since 1967 and later
Thailand
Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. With a population of almost 66 million, it spa ...
.
In the beginning of January 2005 he survived a second heart attack. He remained active as a prominent intellectual in Belgium and the
Netherlands
, Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...
.
When he died he was widely seen as one of Belgium's most influential philosophers.
Some other publications
* ''De zin van de begrafenis in de Griekse tragedie'', Handelingen van het XXIVe Vlaamse Filologencongres, 1961, (pp. 16–36).
* ''Chtonische motieven bij Aischulos'', Handelingen XVI der Koninklijke Nederlandse Maatschappij voor Taal- Letterkunde en Geschiedenis, 1962, (pp. 424–432).
* ''Information and philosophy'', Studia Philosophica Gandensia, 1963, pp. 141–154.
* ''Het religieus levensstadium''. In ''Kierkegaard Herdenking'', Werken uitgegeven door het rectoraat van de Rijksuniversiteit te Gent, 1964. (pp. 33–40)
* ''Some Remarks on the Analysis of the Culture Concept'', Studia Philosophica Gandensia, 1965, (pp. 161–213).
* ''Essai de definition d’un concept de forme comme notion de base liant le language de la cybernétique à celui des sciences humaines'', 5th International Congress on Cybernetics, 1968, (pp. 3–10).
* ''Projet pour un homme artificiel, Le dossier de la Cybernétique'', Marabout Université, 1968, pp. 198–217.
* ''Projekt umjetnog sovjeka'', Izazov kibernetici, 1970, (pp. 179–198).
* ''Adorno und die Aufklärung'', Philosophica Gandensia, 9, 1971, pp. 56–72.
* ''Wissenschaft Technik und Gesellschafskritik'', Philosophica Gandensia, 12, 1973, (pp. 155–166).
* ''Rationality, Some Preliminary Remarks'', Philosophica, 1974, (pp. 73–82).
* ''Can Science be Made Rational?'', Philosophica, 1976, (pp. 151–168.)
* ''Televisie en moraal'' – achtste Vlaams Congres voor Communicatiewetenschap, 1978.
* ''Het medische beroepsgeheim: ethische grondslagen''. In ''Vlaams tijdschrift voor gezondheidsrecht'', 1989, pp. 197–215
* ''The Future of
Anthropocentrism
Anthropocentrism ( ) is the belief that human beings are the central or most important entity on the planet. The term can be used interchangeably with humanocentrism, and some refer to the concept as human supremacy or human exceptionalism. From a ...
'', Van Nispen, J. & Douwe, T., edd.; ''The Quest for Man, the Topicality of Philosophical Anthropology'', Assen, Van Gorcum, 1991 (pp. 177–186).
* ''The Future of Environmental Philosophy'', Zweers, W. & Boersema, J.J., edd., ''Ecology, Technology and Culture'': Essays in Environmental Philosophy, The White Horse Press, Cambridge, 1994, (pp. 272–286).
* ''The Ethics of Human and Animal Experimentation'', London, John Libbey, 1994, (pp. 3–12).
* ''"Droit de disposer de soi” versus “paternalisme”'', in Masson J. & Schutyzer, K., (ed.), Agora. Les droits des citoyens européens et la santé, 1995, (pp. 75–79).
* ''with Lameire, N., Nephrological and moral aspects of physical torture'', Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, 1995, vol 1, (pp. 160–161).
* ''Ethical Aspects of Genetic Engineering'', in: Sterckx, S.; ''Biotechnology, Patents and Morality'', Aldershot, Brookfield USA, 1997, (pp. 107–113).
* ''Individual rights versus societal duties'', Vaccine, 17, 1999, (pp. 814–817).
* ''Euthanasie in België, Filosofie en Praktijk'', 2000, (pp. 48–56).
* ''Pain, what is it and why do we care?'' Symposium on ‘The science and philosophy of Pain’, Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift, 2001, 69, pp. 385–391.
* ''The Belgian Law on euthanasia, The Historical and Ethical Background'', Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 200
''...The Belgian Law on euthanasia''* ''The ethical and historical background of the Belgian and Dutch laws on euthanasia'', Kurt Pavlic & Burkhart Bromm (ed.), Neurologie und Philosophie zum Schmerz, Göttingen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 200
''...The Belgian and Dutch laws on euthanasia''* ''Introduction: A Plea for Rationality – Reading the Kyoto Protocol. Ethical Aspects of the Convention on Climate Change'', Chicago Press, 2006.
* ''Free will: emotions and consciousness could contribute'', Opinion – Nature I volume 459 I 25 June 2009.
* ''Hasty euthanasia? Don't believe everything 'The New Yorker' writes.'' Bernheim J. & Vermeersch E., De Morgen June 26, 201
Hasty euthanasia?* ''The Bible Myths – Joseph Ratzinger And The Nativity Legends.'' Vermeersch E. I Free Inquiry Vol 34, No. 1 – Dec. 201
The Bible Myths
References
External links
* (English)
''Etienne Vermeersch – Veertig jaar rechtlijnig denken''by Ludo Abicht, in Ons Erfdeel, January 1, 1999.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Vermeersch, Etienne
1934 births
2019 deaths
20th-century Belgian philosophers
21st-century Belgian philosophers
Abortion in Europe
Belgian anti-fascists
Belgian atheism activists
Belgian biblical scholars
Belgian skeptics
Scientists from Ghent
Information theorists
Bioethicists
Belgian environmentalists
Critics of creationism
Belgian climate activists
Belgian critics of Christianity
Belgian critics of Islam
Critics of Judaism
Critics of multiculturalism
Critics of postmodernism
Critics of religions
Critics of the Catholic Church
Euthanasia activists
Flemish philosophers
Former Jesuits
Laicized Roman Catholic priests
Former Roman Catholics
Ghent University alumni
Academic staff of Ghent University
Historians of Christianity
Writers from Bruges
Philosophers of culture
Philosophers of science
Philosophy academics
Belgian abortion-rights activists
Science activists
Science communicators
20th-century atheists
21st-century atheists
Deaths by euthanasia
Flemish academics
Writers about religion and science