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Ernst Snapper (December 2, 1913,
Groningen Groningen ( , ; ; or ) is the capital city and main municipality of Groningen (province), Groningen province in the Netherlands. Dubbed the "capital of the north", Groningen is the largest place as well as the economic and cultural centre of ...
– February 5, 2011,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina Chapel Hill is a town in Orange County, North Carolina, Orange and Durham County, North Carolina, Durham counties, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 United States census, making Chapel Hill the List of municipa ...
) was a Dutch-American mathematician, known for his research in "
commutative algebra Commutative algebra, first known as ideal theory, is the branch of algebra that studies commutative rings, their ideal (ring theory), ideals, and module (mathematics), modules over such rings. Both algebraic geometry and algebraic number theo ...
,
algebraic geometry Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics which uses abstract algebraic techniques, mainly from commutative algebra, to solve geometry, geometrical problems. Classically, it studies zero of a function, zeros of multivariate polynomials; th ...
, cohomology of groups,
character theory In mathematics, more specifically in group theory, the character of a group representation is a function on the group that associates to each group element the trace of the corresponding matrix. The character carries the essential information a ...
, and
combinatorics Combinatorics is an area of mathematics primarily concerned with counting, both as a means and as an end to obtaining results, and certain properties of finite structures. It is closely related to many other areas of mathematics and has many ...
."


Biography

Ernst Snapper, born to a Jewish family in the Netherlands, received in 1936 the equivalent of a master's degree from the
University of Amsterdam The University of Amsterdam (abbreviated as UvA, ) is a public university, public research university located in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Established in 1632 by municipal authorities, it is the fourth-oldest academic institution in the Netherlan ...
. In 1938 his father, Isidore Snapper, an internationally known physician and medical researcher, accepted an offer to become the director of medical research at the
Rockefeller Foundation The Rockefeller Foundation is an American private foundation and philanthropic medical research and arts funding organization based at 420 Fifth Avenue, New York City. The foundation was created by Standard Oil magnate John D. Rockefeller (" ...
's
Peking Union Medical College Peking Union Medical College, also as Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, is a national public medical sciences research institution in Dongcheng, Beijing, Dongcheng, Beijing, China. Originally founded in 1906, it is affiliated with the Nationa ...
. Acting on a suggestion from
Abraham Flexner Abraham Flexner (November 13, 1866 – September 21, 1959) was an American educator, best known for his role in the 20th century reform of medical education, medical and higher education in the United States and Canada. After founding and direct ...
, Isidore Snapper encouraged Ernst Snapper to apply to
Princeton University Princeton University is a private university, private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the List of Colonial ...
to become a graduate student. As a doctoral student of
Joseph Wedderburn Joseph Henry Maclagan Wedderburn FRSE FRS (2 February 1882 – 9 October 1948) was a Scottish mathematician, who taught at Princeton University for most of his career. A significant algebraist, he proved that a finite division algebra is a fi ...
, Ernst Snapper graduated with a Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1941. In China, his father and mother were interned by the Japanese, but were later released in an exchange. Ernst Snapper was an instructor from 1941 to 1945 at Princeton University. He was a professor of mathematics from 1945 to 1955 at the
University of Southern California The University of Southern California (USC, SC, or Southern Cal) is a Private university, private research university in Los Angeles, California, United States. Founded in 1880 by Robert M. Widney, it is the oldest private research university in ...
, from 1955 to 1958 at
Miami University Miami University (informally Miami of Ohio or simply Miami) is a public university, public research university in Oxford, Ohio, United States. Founded in 1809, it is the second-oldest List of colleges and universities in Ohio, university in Ohi ...
of Ohio, from 1958 to 1963 at
Indiana University Indiana University (IU) is a state university system, system of Public university, public universities in the U.S. state of Indiana. The system has two core campuses, five regional campuses, and two regional centers under the administration o ...
, and from 1963 to 1979 at
Dartmouth College Dartmouth College ( ) is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States. Established in 1769 by Eleazar Wheelock, Dartmouth is one of the nine colonial colleges chartered before the America ...
, where he retired as professor emeritus. He was a visiting professor for the academic years 1949–1950 and 1954–1955 at Princeton University and for the academic year 1953–1954 at
Harvard University Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan clergyma ...
. His doctoral students include Arunas Rudvalis. Snapper's paper ''The Three Crises in Mathematics: Logicism, Intuitionism and formalism'' won the 1980 Carl B. Allendoerfer Award. He was married to Ethel K. Snapper (1917–1995) for nearly 60 years. Upon his death he was survived by his two sons, John and James, both of whom were graduates of Princeton University, and two granddaughters. John Snapper received his Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Chicago and became a professor at
Illinois Institute of Technology The Illinois Institute of Technology, commonly referred to as Illinois Tech and IIT, is a Private university, private research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Tracing its history to 1890, the present name was adopted upon the m ...
. James Robert Snapper received his M.D. from
Harvard Medical School Harvard Medical School (HMS) is the medical school of Harvard University and is located in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area, Longwood Medical Area in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1782, HMS is the third oldest medical school in the Un ...
in 1974 and became a pulmonologist and consulting professor in the department of medicine of
Duke University School of Medicine The Duke University School of Medicine, commonly known as Duke Med, is the medical school of Duke University. It was established in 1925 by James B. Duke. The School of Medicine, along with the Duke University School of Nursing, Duke Universi ...
. Ernst Snapper corresponded with Leo Vroman, who was his cousin. (in Dutch)


Selected publications


Articles

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Books

* * (reprint of 1971 original)


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Snapper, Ernst 1913 births 2011 deaths Dutch mathematicians American mathematicians American people of Dutch-Jewish descent Jews who emigrated to escape Nazism University of Amsterdam alumni Princeton University alumni University of Southern California faculty Miami University faculty Indiana University faculty Dartmouth College faculty