Ernst Thomas Ferand (born Ernő Freund; 5 March 1887 – 29 May 1972) was an American musicologist and

music educator Music education is a field of practice in which educators are trained for careers as elementary or secondary music teachers, school or music conservatory ensemble directors. Music education is also a research area in which scholars do origina ...

of Hungarian birth. He was also known as ''Ernest Ferand'' and ''Ernst Ferand-Freund''.

Biography

Ferand was born in 1887 in

Budapest Budapest is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns of Hungary, most populous city of Hungary. It is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, tenth-largest city in the European Union by popul ...

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military ...

. He attended the Royal National Hungarian Academy of Music and the

University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna The University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna (, abbreviated MDW) is an Austrian university established in 1817 located in Vienna. With a student body of over three thousand, it is the largest institution of its kind in Austria, and one of t ...

. He became interested in the methods of

Émile Jaques-Dalcroze Émile Jaques-Dalcroze (6 July 1865 – 1 July 1950) was a Swiss composer, musician, and music educator who developed Dalcroze eurhythmics, an approach to learning and experiencing music through movement. Dalcroze eurhythmics influenced Carl O ...

, and from 1925 to 1938 he taught at Dalcroze's Schule

Hellerau Hellerau is a northern quarter ''(Stadtteil)'' in the city of Dresden, Germany, slightly south of Dresden Airport. It was the first garden city in Germany. The northern section of Hellerau absorbed the village of Klotzsche, where some 18th cent ...

Laxenburg __NOTOC__ Laxenburg (Central Bavarian: ''Laxnbuag'') is a market town in the district of Mödling, in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. Located about south of the Austrian capital Vienna, it is chiefly known for the Laxenburg castles, which, be ...

Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...

. In 1938 he published the influential treatise ''Die Improvisation in der Musik'' (Improvisation in Music). He fled Europe after the Nazi annexation of Austria, finding refuge in the United States. From 1939 until 1965 Ferand was affiliated with the

New School of Social Research The New School is a private research university in New York City. It was founded in 1919 as The New School for Social Research with an original mission dedicated to academic freedom and intellectual inquiry and a home for progressive thinkers. ...

. He wrote a number of articles which were published in

The Musical Quarterly ''The Musical Quarterly'' is the oldest academic journal on music in America. Originally established in 1915 by Oscar Sonneck, the journal was edited by Sonneck until his death in 1928. Sonneck was succeeded by a number of editors, including C ...

and the

Journal of the American Musicological Society The ''Journal of the American Musicological Society'' is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal and an official journal of the American Musicological Society. It is published by University of California Press and covers all aspects of musicol ...

. Peter Wishart described Ferand as "perhaps the most widely acknowledged authority on the subject f improvisation in Western music. Ferand died on May 29, 1972, in

Basel, Switzerland Basel ( ; ), also known as Basle ( ), ; ; ; . is a city in northwestern Switzerland on the river Rhine (at the transition from the High to the Upper Rhine). Basel is Switzerland's third-most-populous city (after Zurich and Geneva), with ...

Bibliography

Books

* (1938). ''Die Improvisation in der Musik: eine entwicklungsgeschichtliche und psychologische Untersuchung''. Zürich: Rhein-Verlag. * (1956). ''Die Improvisation; in Beispielen aus neun Jahrhunderten abendländischer Musik'' (Improvisation in Nine Centuries of Western Music). Köln: A. Volk Verlag. * (1957). "Improvisation", die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart (Encyclopedia) vol. 6, Kassel; Basel: Bärenreiter. pp. 1093-1135. * (1961). Improvisation in nine centuries of western music; an anthology with a historical introduction. Köln: Arno Volk Verlag. Series: Das Musikwerk (Anthology of music), no. 12.

Articles

* * * * * * * * * *

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ferand, Ernst 1887 births 1972 deaths Hungarian music educators Hungarian musicologists 20th-century American musicologists