Eric Marc Alexander Smaling (born 18 August 1957 in

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , ; ; ) is the capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, largest city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It has a population of 933,680 in June 2024 within the city proper, 1,457,018 in the City Re ...

) is a Dutch

politician A politician is a person who participates in Public policy, policy-making processes, usually holding an elective position in government. Politicians represent the people, make decisions, and influence the formulation of public policy. The roles ...

and

agronomist An agriculturist, agriculturalist, agrologist, or agronomist (abbreviated as agr.) is a professional in the science, practice, and management of agriculture and agribusiness. It is a regulated profession in Canada, India, the Philippines, the Uni ...

. As a member of the

Socialist Party Socialist Party is the name of many different political parties around the world. All of these parties claim to uphold some form of socialism, though they may have very different interpretations of what "socialism" means. Statistically, most of th ...

(Socialistische Partij) he was an MP between 14 May 2013 and 23 March 2017. He replaced

Manja Smits Manja Smits (born 27 May 1985 in De Bilt) is a Dutch politician. She was an MP for the Socialist Party (Socialistische Partij) from 22 April 2008 until 15 April 2014, specializing in matters of primary and secondary education. From May 2013 onwa ...

, initially temporarily, and definitively from 15 April 2014). From 2007 to 2013, he was a

Senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or Legislative chamber, chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the Ancient Rome, ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior ...

; he was replaced by . Smaling studied agronomy at

Wageningen University and Research Centre Wageningen University & Research (also known as WUR) is a public research university in Wageningen, Netherlands, specializing in life sciences with a focus on agriculture, technical and engineering subjects. It is a globally important center fo ...

and specialised in

soil science Soil science is the study of soil as a natural resource on the surface of the Earth including soil formation, soil classification, classification and Soil survey, mapping; Soil physics, physical, Soil chemistry, chemical, Soil biology, biologica ...

and

manure Manure is organic matter that is used as organic fertilizer in agriculture. Most manure consists of animal feces; other sources include compost and green manure. Manures contribute to the fertility of soil by adding organic matter and nut ...

. He was also a professor at this university. Since 2004, he has been a professor at

ITC Enschede The International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) was an institute of higher (tertiary) education located in Enschede, Netherlands. As of 1 January 2010 it has been incorporated into the Universiteit Twente, Univ ...

. He is partner of children's writer Rindert Kromhout and resides in

Weesp Weesp () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and an urban area in the Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality of Amsterdam in the Provinces of the netherlands, province of North Holland, Netherlands. It had a populati ...

References

External links

* 1957 births Living people Dutch agronomists Dutch gay politicians LGBTQ members of the Parliament of the Netherlands Members of the Senate (Netherlands) Politicians from Amsterdam Socialist Party (Netherlands) politicians Dutch soil scientists Academic staff of the University of Twente Wageningen University and Research alumni Academic staff of Wageningen University and Research Dutch MPs 2012–2017 Socialist Party (Netherlands) senators {{Netherlands-politician-stub