''Eremurus'' is a genus of

deciduous In the fields of horticulture and Botany, the term ''deciduous'' () means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, a ...

perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also wide ...

flowers in the family

Asphodelaceae Asphodelaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Asparagales. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists, but the circumscription has varied widely. In its current circumscription in the APG IV system, it includes abo ...

. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located enti ...

in (

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eigh ...

and

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian invas ...

), and temperate

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an ...

from

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

to China.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
/ref> The

inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed ...

consists of a tall floral spike whose individual flowers extend their anthers around the stem axis as in the bottle brushes. Depending on the species, the spike consists of many densely-arranged, small flowers in shades of orange, yellow, white, pale pink or red-orange. The grey-green, straplike leaves grow in a tuft from the succulent root crown. Eremurus is known for its thick, fingerlike roots, which grow from a central growth point. The blooming spike is notably tall and relatively narrow, rising from 3 to 9 or 10 feet above the foliage, depending on the variety. These plants are mainly native to western and central Asia, although ''Eremurus thiodanthus'' is endemic to the

Crimea Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a p ...

Cultivation

''Eremurus'' is hardy to USDA Zones 5-7. Usually four species are available commercially for cultivation: *''E. himalaicus'' grows to about with pure white racemes *''E. robustus'' can reach in height with pink or white flower spikes *''E. stenophyllus'', a dwarf species, reaches in height with yellow flowers. Also ''E''. × ''isabellinus'' which is a hybrid of ''E. olgae'' and ''E. stenophyllus'' is available as 'Cleopatra', with orange spikes. The

cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture ...

'Joanna' has won the

Royal Horticultural Society The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), founded in 1804 as the Horticultural Society of London, is the UK's leading gardening charity. The RHS promotes horticulture through its five gardens at Wisley (Surrey), Hyde Hall (Essex), Harlow Carr (No ...

Award of Garden Merit The Award of Garden Merit (AGM) is a long-established annual award for plants by the British Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). It is based on assessment of the plants' performance under UK growing conditions. History The Award of Garden Merit ...

. The octopus-like tuberous roots are easily injured; planting on a cone of soil, with the crown on the peak and the roots hanging down, is recommended. Plants are readily affected by winter root rot, so that a layer of sand or gravel beneath is recommended to ensure drainage. Covering with compost or mulch provides protection from frost. ;Species *''

Eremurus afghanicus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Gilli - Afghanistan * ''

Eremurus aitchisonii ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in ( Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to ...

'' Baker - Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan * '' Eremurus alaicus'' Khalk - Kyrgyzstan * '' Eremurus albertii'' Regel - Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan * ''Eremurus'' × ''albocitrinus'' Baker - Iran (''E. olgae'' × ''E. stenophyllus'') * '' Eremurus altaicus'' (Pall.) Steven - Altai Republic, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Xinjiang, Mongolia * '' Eremurus ammophilus'' Vved. - Uzbekistan * '' Eremurus anisopterus'' (Kar. & Kir.) Regel - Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Xinjiang * '' Eremurus azerbajdzhanicus'' Kharkev. - Caucasus Շրեշտ

* '' Eremurus bactrianus'' Wendelbo - Afghanistan * '' Eremurus brachystemon'' Vved. - Tajikistan * '' Eremurus bucharicus'' Regel - Afghanistan, Tajikistan * '' Eremurus candidus'' Vved. - Tajikistan * ''

Eremurus cappadocicus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' J.Gay ex Baker - Turkey, Iraq, Syria * ''

Eremurus chinensis ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' O.Fedtsch. - Gansu, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan * †''

Eremurus chloranthus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in ( Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to ...

'' Popov - Uzbekistan but extinct * ''

Eremurus comosus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' O.Fedtsch. - Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan * '' Eremurus cristatus'' Vved. - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan * '' Eremurus czatkalicus'' Lazkov - Kyrgyzstan * '' Eremurus dolichomischus'' Vved. & Wendelbo - Afghanistan, Pakistan * ''

Eremurus furseorum ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Wendelbo - Afghanistan * ''

Eremurus fuscus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in ( Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to ...

'' (O.Fedtsch.) Vved - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan * ''

Eremurus hilariae ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Popov & Vved. - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan * '' Eremurus himalaicus'' Baker -

Himalayas The Himalayas, or Himalaya (; ; ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over ...

of Afghanistan + Pakistan + Kashmir * ''

Eremurus hissaricus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Vved - Gissar Range in Tajikistan + Uzbekistan * '' Eremurus iae'' Vved. - Tajikistan, Uzbekistan * ''

Eremurus inderiensis ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' (M.Bieb.) Regel - European Russia, Western Siberia, Central Asia, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Xinjiang, Mongolia * ''Eremurus'' × ''isabellinus'' P. L. Vilm. (''E. stenophyllus'' × ''E. olgae'') - Garden origin * ''

Eremurus jungei ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in ( Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to ...

'' Juz. - Crimea *'' Eremurus kaufmannii'' Regel - Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan * ''

Eremurus kopet-daghensis ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in ( Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to ...

'' Karrer - Turkmenistan, Iran * '' Eremurus korovinii'' B.Fedtsch. - Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan * '' Eremurus korshinskyi'' O.Fedtsch - Afghanistan, Tajikistan * ''

Eremurus lachnostegius ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in ( Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to ...

'' Vved. - Tajikistan * ''

Eremurus lactiflorus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in ( Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to ...

'' O.Fedtsch. - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan * ''Eremurus'' × ''ludmillae'' Levichev & Priszter - Uzbekistan (''E. regelii'' × ''E. turkestanicus'') * ''

Eremurus luteus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Baker - Turkmenistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan * '' Eremurus micranthus'' Vved. - Tajikistan * ''

Eremurus nuratavicus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in ( Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to ...

'' Khokhr. Uzbekistan * ''

Eremurus olgae ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Regel - a dwarf species flowering in June or July, making it one of the last species to flower - Turkmenistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan * '' Eremurus parviflorus'' Regel - Pamir Mountains in Tajikistan * '' Eremurus persicus'' (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss. - Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kashmir * '' Eremurus pubescens'' Vved. - Tajikistan * ''

Eremurus rechingeri ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Wendelbo - Iraq * '' Eremurus regelii'' Vved. - Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan * ''

Eremurus robustus ''Eremurus robustus'', the foxtail lily or giant desert candle, is a species of flowering plant in the asphodel family, native to the Tien Shan and Pamir Mountains in central Asia that is often used as an ornamental plant. It is a very tall, ...

'' (Regel) Regel - Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan - grows from 6 to 10 feet high. * '' Eremurus roseolus'' Vved - Afghanistan, Tajikistan * ''

Eremurus saprjagajevii ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' B.Fedtsch. - Tajikistan, Uzbekistan * ''

Eremurus soogdianus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' (Regel) Benth. & Hook.f. - Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan * '' Eremurus spectabilis'' M.Bieb. - European Russia, Ukraine, Caucasus, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Turkmenistan * '' Eremurus stenophyllus'' (Boiss. & Buhse) Baker

syn. The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linna ...

''E. bungei'' - Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan * '' Eremurus subalbiflorus'' Vved. - Turkmenistan, Iran * ''

Eremurus suworowii ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Regel - Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan * ''

Eremurus tadshikorum ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Vved. - Tajikistan * ''

Eremurus tauricus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Steven - Crimea, northern Caucasus in Russia * '' Eremurus thiodanthus'' Juz. - Crimea * ''

Eremurus tianschanicus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Pazij & Vved. ex Pavlov - Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan * '' Eremurus turkestanicus'' Regel - Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan * ''

Eremurus wallii ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Rech.f. - Syria * ''

Eremurus zangezuricus ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Mikheev - southern Caucasus * ''

Eremurus zenaidae ''Eremurus'' is a genus of deciduous perennial flowers in the family Asphodelaceae. They are also known as the foxtail lilies or desert candles. They are native to eastern Europe in (Russia and Ukraine), and temperate Asia from Turkey to China. ...

'' Vved. - Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan * '' Eremurus zoae'' Vved. - Kyrgyzstan*

References

Bibliography

* * * {{Taxonbar, from=Q594627 Asphodelaceae genera Asphodeloideae