Epigonus (fish)
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''Epigonus'' is a
genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
ray-finned fish Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fish or actinopterygians, is a class of bony fish that comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. They are so called because of their lightly built fins made of webbings of sk ...
in the
family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Epigonidae Epigonidae, the deepwater cardinalfishes, are a family of acropomatiform ray-finned fishes. The family includes about 43 species. They are small fishes: the largest, ''Epigonus telescopus'', reaches in length, and most grow to no more than or ...
found in the
Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the Age of Discovery, it was known for se ...
, Indian and
Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is ...
. The genus was erected by
Constantine Samuel Rafinesque Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz (; 22 October 178318 September 1840) was a French early 19th-century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self-educated in France. He traveled as a young man in the United States, ult ...
in 1810.


Species

There are currently 37 recognized species in this genus: * '' Epigonus affinis'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 (smooth-nose deep-water cardinalfish) Okamoto, M., Motomura, H. & Asahida, T. (2011)
Redescription of a Poorly Known Deepwater Cardinalfish, ''Epigonus affinis'' (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Epigonidae), and Comparison with Related Species.
''Species Diversity'', 16 (3-4): 85-92.
* '' Epigonus angustifrons'' Abramov & Manilo, 1987 * '' Epigonus atherinoides'' ( C. H. Gilbert, 1905) * '' Epigonus carbonarius'' Okamoto & Motomura, 2011 (charcoal deep-water cardinalfish) Okamoto, M. & Motomura, H. (2011)
''Epigonus carbonarius'', a new species of deepwater cardinalfish (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Marquesas Islands, with a redefinition of the ''Epigonus oligolepis'' group.
''Ichthyological Research'', 58 (2): 155–160.
* '' Epigonus cavaticus'' H. Ida, Okamoto & Sakaue, 2007 (Palauan deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus chilensis'' Okamoto, 2012 Okamoto, M. (2012)
Two new species of the genus ''Epigonus'' (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the South Pacific, with a definition of the ''Epigonus constanciae'' group.
''Ichthyological Research'', 59 (3): 242–254.
* '' Epigonus constanciae'' ( Giglioli, 1880) * '' Epigonus crassicaudus'' F. de Buen, 1959 * '' Epigonus ctenolepis'' Mochizuki & Shirakihara, 1983 Okamoto, M. & Fukui, A. (2011)
Redescription of a rare deepwater cardinalfish, ''Epigonus ctenolepis'' Mochizuki and Shirakihara 1983, and comparison with related species (Perciformes: Epigonidae).
''Ichthyological Research'', 58 (4): 388–392.
* '' Epigonus denticulatus'' Dieuzeide, 1950 (pencil deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus devaneyi'' Gon, 1985 * '' Epigonus draco'' Okamoto, 2015 (dragon deep-water cardinalfish) Okamoto, M. (2015)
''Epigonus draco'', a New Species of Deepwater Cardinalfish (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Western Pacific.
''Species Diversity'', 20 (2): 121–127.
* '' Epigonus elegans'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 * '' Epigonus elongatus'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 * '' Epigonus exodon'' Okamoto & Motomura, 2012 Okamoto, M. & Motomura, H. (2012)
''Epigonus exodon'', a new species of deepwater cardinalfish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Epigonidae) from Réunion, western Indian Ocean.
''Zootaxa'', 3453: 84–88.
* '' Epigonus fragilis'' ( D. S. Jordan & E. K. Jordan, 1922) * '' Epigonus glossodontus'' Gon, 1985 * '' Epigonus heracleus'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 (Hercules deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus indicus'' IDREES BABU & AKHILESH 2020IDREES BABU, K.K., & AKHILESH, K.V. (2020). Epigonus indicus, a new species of deepwater cardinalfish (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Indian Ocean. Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation, 36, 20–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4243312 * '' Epigonus lenimen'' ( Whitley, 1935) (big-eyed deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus lifouensis'' Okamoto & Motomura, 2013 (Loyalty deep-water cardinalfish) Okamoto, M. & Motomura, H. (2013)
Two new species of deepwater cardinalfish from the Indo-Pacific, with a definition of the ''Epigonus pandionis'' group (Perciformes: Epigonidae).
''Ichthyological Research'', 60 (4): 301–311.
* '' Epigonus machaera'' Okamoto, 2012 * '' Epigonus macrops'' ( A. B. Brauer, 1906) (luminous deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus marimonticolus'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 * '' Epigonus marisrubri''
Krupp Friedrich Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp (formerly Fried. Krupp AG and Friedrich Krupp GmbH), trade name, trading as Krupp, was the largest company in Europe at the beginning of the 20th century as well as Germany's premier weapons manufacturer dur ...
, Zajonz & Khalaf, 2009
(Red Sea deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus mayeri'' Okamoto, 2011 (Angolan deep-water cardinalfish) Okamoto, M. (2011)
A new species of deepwater cardinalfish, ''Epigonus mayeri'', from the eastern Central Atlantic, and redescription of ''Epigonus heracleus'' Parin and Abramov 1986 (Perciformes: Epigonidae).
''Ichthyological Research'', 58 (2): 101–108.
* '' Epigonus megalops'' ( H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912) Okamoto, M. (2016): Validity of ''Epigonus megalops'' (Perciformes: Epigonidae), Redescription of ''E. atherinoides'', and First Record of ''E. draco'' from the Central South Pacific. ''Species Diversity'', 21 (2): 177-186. * '' Epigonus notacanthus'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 * '' Epigonus occidentalis'' Goode & T. H. Bean, 1896 (western deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus oligolepis'' G. F. Mayer, 1974 * ''
Epigonus pandionis ''Epigonus'' is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family (biology), family Epigonidae found in the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean. The genus was erected by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque in 1810. Species There ar ...
'' ( Goode & T. H. Bean, 1881) * '' Epigonus parini'' Abramov, 1987 * '' Epigonus pectinifer'' G. F. Mayer, 1974 * '' Epigonus robustus'' (
Barnard Barnard is a surname of Old English origin, derived from the Anglo-Saxons, Anglo-Saxon given name "Beornheard". It is composed of two elements: "Beorn," meaning "young warrior" or "bear," and "heard," meaning "hardy," "brave," or "strong." In some ...
, 1927)
(robust deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus telescopus'' ( A. Risso, 1810) (black deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus thai''
Prokofiev Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev; alternative transliterations of his name include ''Sergey'' or ''Serge'', and ''Prokofief'', ''Prokofieff'', or ''Prokofyev''. , group=n ( – 5 March 1953) was a Russian composer, pianist, and conductor who l ...
& Bussarawit, 2012
Parin, N.V., Prokofiev, A.M. & Bussarawit, S. (2012)
Two new species of the genus ''Epigonus'' (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
''Journal of Ichthyology'', 52 (3): 239–243.
* '' Epigonus tuberculatus'' Okamoto & Motomura, 2013 (Keeling deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus waltersensis'' Parin & Abramov, 1986


References

Epigonidae Ray-finned fish genera Marine fish genera Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque {{Acropomatiformes-stub