Environmental virtue ethics (EVE) is, as the name suggests, a way of approaching

environmental ethics In environmental philosophy, environmental ethics is an established field of practical philosophy "which reconstructs the essential types of argumentation that can be made for protecting natural entities and the sustainable use of natural resourc ...

through the lens of

virtue ethics Virtue ethics (also aretaic ethics, from Greek []) is a philosophical approach that treats virtue and moral character, character as the primary subjects of ethics, in contrast to other ethical systems that put consequences of voluntary acts, pri ...

. It is paradoxically both a very new and a relatively old or established approach. It is old or established because, as Louke Van Wensveen points out, almost all environmental literature employs virtue language.Louke van Wensveen, ''Dirty Virtues: The Emergence of Ecological Virtue Ethics'' (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2000). It is new because it is only recently that this tendency to use virtue-laden language has been taken up explicitly and addressed through the lens of philosophical virtue ethics. Early interest in applying virtue theory to environmental problems can be found in disparate articles in academic and environmental journals, such as Thomas Hill's "Ideals of Human Excellence and Preserving Natural Environments." The first major analysis of this approach is Louke Van Wensveen’s influential book ''Dirty Virtues: The Emergence of Ecological Virtue Ethics''. Environmental virtue ethicists take inspiration from a variety of schools of virtue ethics and from diverse backgrounds in environmental ethics. Nevertheless, there are three general approaches to identifying virtues and vices within EVE. First, the "virtue theory approach," which attempts to build an environmental virtue ethics from the ground up. Second, the "environmental exemplar approach," which looks to people who are generally considered to be environmentally virtuous as models. And, finally, the "extensionist approach," which takes traditional virtues and extends them to operate in an environmentally meaningful way.Ronald Sandler, ''Character and Environment: A Virtue-Oriented Approach to Environmental Ethics'' (New York: Columbia University Press, 2007), 10-11). While some authors take one of these approaches, others combine elements from two or more. Typical EVE topics include: the explication of specific virtues (like humility) or vices (like arrogance); the analysis of specific exemplars who embody one or more of the virtues; the attempt to weigh in on specific environmental problems from the perspective of virtue ethics, including offering rules (“v-rules”) for conduct or making actual policy recommendations; and, of course, arguing for the theoretical foundation and legitimacy of the virtue-theory approach to environmental ethics.

List of notable environmental virtue ethicists

*Philip Cafaro *Geoffrey Frasz *Eugene Hargrove *Thomas Hill *

Rosalind Hursthouse Rosalind Hursthouse (born 10 November 1943) is a British-born New Zealand moral philosopher noted for her work on virtue ethics. She is one of the leading exponents of contemporary virtue ethics, though she has also written extensively on ...

*Jason Kawall *Randy Larsen * Val Plumwood *Ronald Sandler *David St. Aubin *Allen Thompson *

Brian Treanor Brian Treanor is the current Casassa Chair in Social Values, Professor of Philosophy in the Bellarmine College of Liberal Arts and the academic director of the Academy of Catholic Thought & Imagination at Loyola Marymount University. He received h ...

*Louke Van Wensveen *Laura Westra

References

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List of notable environmental virtue ethicists

References

Further reading