Enoplognatha Caricis

''Enoplognatha'' is a genus of Theridiidae, comb-footed spiders first described by P. Pavesi in 1880. They were characterized by both a large colulus and a subspherical abdomen, with males usually have enlarged chelicerae. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Symopagia''.

Among the theridiids, they are medium to large sized. ''E. maricopa'', a red-brown spider with a mottled purplish abdomen, has males that can reach a length of , while females typically reach . ''E. peruviana'' females can grow to long, and female ''E. zapfeae'' can reach up to .

Species

it contains seventy-four species with a cosmopolitan distribution, including Greenland and Western Australia:

*''Enoplognatha abrupta, E. abrupta'' (Ferdinand Karsch, Karsch, 1879) – Russia (Far East), China, Korea, Japan
*''Enoplognatha afrodite, E. afrodite'' Hippa & Oksala, 1983 – Southern Europe
*''Enoplognatha almeriensis, E. almeriensis'' Bosmans & Van Keer, 1999 – Portugal, Spain
*''Enoplognatha angkora, E. angkora'' Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – China
*''Enoplognatha apaya, E. apaya'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
*''Enoplognatha bidens, E. bidens'' Eugène Simon, Simon, 1908 – Australia (Western Australia)
*''Enoplognatha biskrensis, E. biskrensis'' Denis, 1945 – Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia
*''Enoplognatha bobaiensis, E. bobaiensis'' Zhu, 1998 – China
*''Enoplognatha bryjai, E. bryjai'' Řezáč, 2016 – Czech Republic, Czechia
*''Enoplognatha cariasoi, E. cariasoi'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
*''Enoplognatha caricis, E. caricis'' (Fickert, 1876) – Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to Far East), China, Korea, Japan
*''Enoplognatha carinata, E. carinata'' Bosmans & Van Keer, 1999 – Morocco, Algeria
*''Enoplognatha daweiensis, E. daweiensis'' Yin & Yan, 2012 – China
*''Enoplognatha deserta, E. deserta'' Levy & Amitai, 1981 – Morocco to Israel, Russia (Europe)
*''Enoplognatha diodonta, E. diodonta'' Zhu & Zhang, 1992 – Pakistan, India, China
*''Enoplognatha diversa, E. diversa'' (John Blackwall, Blackwall, 1859) – Canary Is., Madeira, Portugal, Spain, France, Morocco to Greece
*''Enoplognatha franzi, E. franzi'' Wunderlich, 1995 – Mediterranean, Iraq
*''Enoplognatha fuyangensis, E. fuyangensis'' Barrion & He, 2017 – China
*''Enoplognatha gemina, E. gemina'' Bosmans & Van Keer, 1999 – Mediterranean to Azerbaijan
*''Enoplognatha gershomi, E. gershomi'' Bosmans & Van Keer, 1999 – Israel
*''Enoplognatha giladensis, E. giladensis'' (Levy & Amitai, 1982) – Greece (Rhodes), Turkey, Israel, Azerbaijan
*''Enoplognatha goulouensis, E. goulouensis'' Yin & Yan, 2012 – China
*''Enoplognatha gramineusa, E. gramineusa'' Zhu, 1998 – China
*''Enoplognatha hermani, E. hermani'' Bosmans & Van Keer, 1999 – Algeria
*''Enoplognatha inornata, E. inornata'' Octavius Pickard-Cambridge, O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904 – South Africa
*''Enoplognatha intrepida, E. intrepida'' (Sørensen, 1898) – USA, Canada, Greenland, Korea
*''Enoplognatha iraqi, E. iraqi'' Najim, Al-Hadlak & Seyyar, 2015 – Iraq, Iran
*''Enoplognatha joshua, E. joshua'' Ralph Vary Chamberlin, Chamberlin & Wilton Ivie, Ivie, 1942 – USA
*''Enoplognatha juninensis, E. juninensis'' (Eugen von Keyserling, Keyserling, 1884) – Peru
*''Enoplognatha kalaykayina, E. kalaykayina'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
*''Enoplognatha latimana, E. latimana'' Hippa & Oksala, 1982 – Canada, Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe) to Central Asia, Iran
*''Enoplognatha lordosa, E. lordosa'' Zhu & Song, 1992 – China, Japan
*''Enoplognatha macrochelis, E. macrochelis'' Levy & Amitai, 1981 – North Macedonia, Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, Israel, Azerbaijan, Iran
*''Enoplognatha malapahabanda, E. malapahabanda'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
*''Enoplognatha mandibularis, E. mandibularis'' (Lucas, 1846) (Type species, type) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Israel, Russia (Europe) to Central Asia, Iran, China
*''Enoplognatha mangshan, E. mangshan'' Yin, 2012 – China
*''Enoplognatha margarita, E. margarita'' Yaginuma, 1964 – Kazakhstan, Russia (Central Asia to Far East), China, Korea, Japan
*''Enoplognatha mariae, E. mariae'' Bosmans & Van Keer, 1999 – Greece, Russia (Caucasus)
*''Enoplognatha maricopa, E. maricopa'' Herbert Walter Levi, Levi, 1962 – USA
*''Enoplognatha marmorata, E. marmorata'' (Nicholas Marcellus Hentz, Hentz, 1850) – North America
*''Enoplognatha maysanga, E. maysanga'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
*''Enoplognatha mediterranea, E. mediterranea'' Levy & Amitai, 1981 – Turkey, Cyprus, Israel, Azerbaijan, Iran
*''Enoplognatha melanicruciata, E. melanicruciata'' Saito, 1939 – Japan
*''Enoplognatha molesta, E. molesta'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904 – South Africa
*''Enoplognatha monstrabilis, E. monstrabilis'' Marusik & Logunov, 2002 – Russia (South Siberia)
*''Enoplognatha mordax, E. mordax'' (Tamerlan Thorell, Thorell, 1875) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe) to Tajikistan, Iran, China
*''Enoplognatha nigromarginata, E. nigromarginata'' (Lucas, 1846) – Spain to Greece, Morocco, Algeria
*''Enoplognatha oelandica, E. oelandica'' (Thorell, 1875) – Europe, Caucasus, Kazakhstan, China
*''Enoplognatha oreophila, E. oreophila'' (Simon, 1894) – Sri Lanka
*''Enoplognatha orientalis, E. orientalis'' Schenkel, 1963 – China
*''Enoplognatha ovata, E. ovata'' (Carl Alexander Clerck, Clerck, 1757) – North America, Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Middle Siberia), Kazakhstan, Iran, Central Asia, Japan
*''Enoplognatha parathoracica, E. parathoracica'' Levy & Amitai, 1981 – Turkey, Israel, Azerbaijan
*''Enoplognatha penelope, E. penelope'' Hippa & Oksala, 1982 – Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete)
*''Enoplognatha peruviana, E. peruviana'' Chamberlin, 1916 – Peru
*''Enoplognatha philippinensis, E. philippinensis'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
*''Enoplognatha procerula, E. procerula'' Simon, 1909 – South Africa
*''Enoplognatha pulatuberculata, E. pulatuberculata'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
*''Enoplognatha puno, E. puno'' Levi, 1962 – Peru
*''Enoplognatha qiuae, E. qiuae'' Zhu, 1998 – China
*''Enoplognatha quadripunctata, E. quadripunctata'' Simon, 1885 – Mediterranean, Caucasus, Kazakhstan
*''Enoplognatha robusta, E. robusta'' Thorell, 1898 – Myanmar
*''Enoplognatha sattleri, E. sattleri'' Bösenberg, 1895 – Madeira, Salvages, Canary Is.
*''Enoplognatha selma, E. selma'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1946 – USA
*''Enoplognatha serratosignata, E. serratosignata'' (Ludwig Carl Christian Koch, L. Koch, 1879) – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, China
*''Enoplognatha tadzhica, E. tadzhica'' Sytshevskaja, 1975 – Tajikistan
*''Enoplognatha testacea, E. testacea'' Simon, 1884 – Southern, Central Europe to Central Asia
*''Enoplognatha thoracica, E. thoracica'' (Carl Wilhelm Hahn, Hahn, 1833) – North America, Europe, Turkey, North Africa, Syria, Iran, Turkmenistan
*''Enoplognatha turkestanica, E. turkestanica'' Dmitry Kharitonov, Charitonov, 1946 – Iran, Central Asia
*''Enoplognatha tuybaana, E. tuybaana'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
*''Enoplognatha verae, E. verae'' Bosmans & Van Keer, 1999 – Morocco, Spain, Tunisia, Italy, Greece
*''Enoplognatha wyuta, E. wyuta'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 – USA
*''Enoplognatha yelpantrapensis, E. yelpantrapensis'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
*''Enoplognatha yizhangensis, E. yizhangensis'' Yin, 2012 – China
*''Enoplognatha zapfeae, E. zapfeae'' Levi, 1962 – Chile

In synonymy:

*''E. aituarca'' Esyunin & Efimik, 1998 = ''Enoplognatha serratosignata'' (L. Koch, 1879)
*''E. albimaculosa'' (Saito, 1934, T from ''Steatoda'') = ''Enoplognatha caricis'' (Fickert, 1876)
*''E. ambigua'' Kulczyński, 1894 = ''Enoplognatha serratosignata'' (L. Koch, 1879)
*''E. arganoi'' (Brignoli, 1980, T from ''Robertus'') = ''Enoplognatha testacea'' Simon, 1884
*''E. camtschadalica'' Kulczyński, 1885 = ''Enoplognatha caricis'' (Fickert, 1876)
*''E. corollata'' (Bertkau, 1883) = ''Enoplognatha oelandica'' (Thorell, 1875)
*''E. cottarellii'' (Brignoli, 1980) = ''Enoplognatha testacea'' Simon, 1884
*''E. crucifera'' (Thorell, 1875) = ''Enoplognatha mordax'' (Thorell, 1875)
*''E. dorsinotata'' Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 = ''Enoplognatha caricis'' (Fickert, 1876)
*''E. elimata'' (L. Koch, 1882, T from ''Theridion'') = ''Enoplognatha diversa'' (Blackwall, 1859)
*''E. hangzhouensis'' Zhu, 1998 = ''Enoplognatha abrupta'' (Karsch, 1879)
*''E. hungarica'' Kolosváry, 1934 = ''Enoplognatha serratosignata'' (L. Koch, 1879)
*''E. jacksoni'' Schenkel, 1927 = ''Enoplognatha serratosignata'' (L. Koch, 1879)
*''E. japonica'' Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 = ''Enoplognatha caricis'' (Fickert, 1876)
*''E. joshua'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 = ''Enoplognatha joshua'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942
*''E. krasnojarskensis'' (Strand, 1903, removed from S of ''Theridion undulatum'') = ''Enoplognatha serratosignata'' (L. Koch, 1879)
*''E. mansueta'' (L. Koch, 1882, T from ''Theridion'') = ''Enoplognatha mandibularis'' (Lucas, 1846)
*''E. maritima'' Simon, 1884 = ''Enoplognatha mordax'' (Thorell, 1875)
*''E. marmorata'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 = ''Enoplognatha marmorata'' (Hentz, 1850)
*''E. militaris'' Wunderlich, 1995 = ''Enoplognatha latimana'' Hippa & Oksala, 1982
*''E. mimoides'' (Chamberlin, 1920) = ''Enoplognatha marmorata'' (Hentz, 1850)
*''E. nigrocincta'' Simon, 1884 = ''Enoplognatha mandibularis'' (Lucas, 1846)
*''E. pikes'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 = ''Enoplognatha intrepida'' (Sørensen, 1898)
*''E. piuta'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 = ''Enoplognatha joshua'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942
*''E. puritana'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 = ''Enoplognatha caricis'' (Fickert, 1876)
*''E. redimita'' (Linnaeus, 1758, T from ''Theridion'') = ''Enoplognatha ovata'' (Clerck, 1757)
*''E. robustula'' Roewer, 1942 = ''Enoplognatha diversa'' (Blackwall, 1859)
*''E. rugosa'' Emerton, 1908 = ''Enoplognatha intrepida'' (Sørensen, 1898)
*''E. schaufussi'' (L. Koch, 1882) = ''Enoplognatha mordax'' (Thorell, 1875)
*''E. submargarita'' Yaginuma & Zhu, 1992 = ''Enoplognatha margarita'' Yaginuma, 1964
*''E. tecta'' Keyserling, 1884 = ''Enoplognatha caricis'' (Fickert, 1876)
*''E. thoracicoides'' Nosek, 1905 = ''Enoplognatha quadripunctata'' Simon, 1884
*''E. transversifoveata'' (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) = ''Enoplognatha abrupta'' (Karsch, 1879)

See also

* List of Theridiidae species

References

{{Authority control

Theridiidae
Theridiidae genera
Cosmopolitan spiders