Enoch "Noch" Callaway III (July 12, 1924 – August 18, 2014) was an American psychiatrist and a pioneer in

biological psychiatry Biological psychiatry or biopsychiatry is an approach to psychiatry that aims to understand mental disorder in terms of the biology, biological function of the nervous system. It is interdisciplinary in its approach and draws on sciences such as ...

Biography

Callaway was born on July 12, 1924, into an old southern family of doctors in

La Grange, Georgia LaGrange is a city in and the county seat of Troup County, Georgia, United States. The population of the city was estimated to be 30,858 in 2020 by the U.S. Census Bureau. It is the principal city of the LaGrange, Georgia Micropolitan Statistic ...

. He is a descendant of the family that founded the Callaway Plantation in

Washington, Georgia Washington is the county seat of Wilkes County, Georgia, United States. Under its original name, Heard's Fort, it was for a brief time during the American Revolutionary War the Georgia state capital. It is noteworthy as the place where the Co ...

and

Callaway Gardens Callaway Resort & Gardens is a resort complex located near Pine Mountain, Harris County, Georgia, Pine Mountain in Harris County, Georgia, from LaGrange, Georgia. The world's largest azalea garden, this destination draws over 750,000 visitors a ...

Pine Mountain, Georgia Pine Mountain is a town in Harris and Meriwether counties in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 1,216. The Harris County portion of Pine Mountain is part of the Columbus, Georgia metropolitan area, while ...

. Members of his extended family also include Ely Callaway Jr., founder of

Callaway Golf Company Callaway, legally Topgolf Callaway Brands Corp., is an American global sports equipment manufacturing company that designs, manufactures, markets and sells golf equipment, more specifically clubs and balls, also including accessories such as ba ...

, textile manufacturer Fuller Earle Callaway, and former

United States Secretary of the Army The secretary of the Army (SA or SECARMY) is a senior civilian official within the United States Department of Defense, with statutory responsibility for all matters relating to the United States Army: manpower, personnel, reserve affairs, insta ...

and Georgia Congressman

Bo Callaway Howard Hollis "Bo" Callaway (April 2, 1927 – March 15, 2014) was an American businessman and politician. A member of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party, he served in the United States House of Representatives from 1965 to 1967 an ...

. He graduated from

Columbia University Columbia University in the City of New York, commonly referred to as Columbia University, is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Churc ...

in 1944 and obtained his M.D. from

Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons (officially known as Columbia University Roy and Diana Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons) is the medical school of Columbia University, located at the Columbia University Irving ...

in 1947. He completed his residency at

Worcester State Hospital Worcester State Hospital was a Massachusetts state mental hospital located in Worcester, Massachusetts. It is credited to the architectural firm of Weston & Rand. The hospital and surrounding associated historic structures are listed as Worceste ...

Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...

and pursued advanced study at

Johns Hopkins University The Johns Hopkins University (often abbreviated as Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, or JHU) is a private university, private research university in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Founded in 1876 based on the European research institution model, J ...

. In 1959, Callaway was appointed director of research of the

Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute Langley Porter Psychiatric Hospital (LPPH) is a psychiatric teaching hospital, part of the Psychiatry Department at the University of California, San Francisco. It was located on the Parnassus campus of UCSF until 2023, when it moved to the UCSF ...

San Francisco San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, Financial District, San Francisco, financial, and Culture of San Francisco, cultural center of Northern California. With a population of 827,526 residents as of ...

and continued in that capacity as professor until 1986, when he moved to

San Francisco VA Medical Center The San Francisco VA Medical Center, also called the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center or the SFVAMC, is a Veterans Affairs medical center, located in San Francisco. The main facility is on 42nd Avenue and Clement Street at the former ...

and remained there until his retirement in 1994. Among the students he mentored was Monte Buchsbaum, professor at the

University of California, San Diego The University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego in communications material, formerly and colloquially UCSD) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in San Diego, California, United States. Es ...

and founder and editor-in-chief of ''

Psychiatry Research ''Psychiatry Research'' is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering psychiatry. It was established in 1979 and is published 21 times per year by Elsevier. A section of the journal, '' Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging'', covers the discipline of ne ...

''. Callaway is known for his contributions to

psychophysiology Psychophysiology (from Greek , ''psȳkhē'', "breath, life, soul"; , ''physis'', "nature, origin"; and , '' -logia'') is the branch of psychology that is concerned with the physiological bases of psychological processes. While psychophysiolog ...

cognition Cognition is the "mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses". It encompasses all aspects of intellectual functions and processes such as: perception, attention, thought, ...

and

psychopharmacology Psychopharmacology (from Greek ; ; and ) is the scientific study of the effects drugs have on mood, sensation, thinking, behavior, judgment and evaluation, and memory. It is distinguished from neuropsychopharmacology, which emphasizes ...

. He was made a distinguished life fellow of the

American Psychiatric Association The American Psychiatric Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the largest psychiatric organization in the world. It has more than 39,200 members who are in ...

in 1982. He also co-founded the

American College of Neuropsychopharmacology Founded in 1961, the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP) is a professional organization of leading brain and behavior scientists. The principal functions of the College are research and education. Their goals in research are to offer ...

. After leaving UCSF, he co-founded

Neurobiological Technologies Neurobiological Technologies, Inc. ("NTI") was a biotechnology company that was founded in 1987 by Enoch Callaway and John B. Stuppin to in-license and develop drugs primarily to treat neurological conditions; the company was dissolved in 2009 aft ...

, a biotech company that sought to develop drugs to treat strokes and brain cancer. In 2007, his book Asylum: A Mid-Century Madhouse and Its Lessons about Our Mentally Ill Today was published by Praeger. (Confirmed on Wolrdcat.org, where it is OCLC 123029478) Callaway died on August 18, 2014, in his home in

Tiburon, California Tiburon ( ; , ) is an incorporated town in Marin County, California. It is located on the Tiburon Peninsula, which reaches south into the San Francisco Bay. It shares a ZIP code (94920) with the smaller incorporated city of Belvedere (formerly ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Callaway, Enoch 1924 births 2014 deaths People from LaGrange, Georgia American psychiatrists University of California, San Francisco faculty Columbia College (New York) alumni Columbia Business School alumni 20th-century American social scientists 20th-century American physicians American company founders Callaway family Fellows of the American Psychological Association