The Endothyracea is a superfamily in the

foraminifera Foraminifera ( ; Latin for "hole bearers"; informally called "forams") are unicellular organism, single-celled organisms, members of a phylum or class (biology), class of Rhizarian protists characterized by streaming granular Ectoplasm (cell bio ...

l order,

Fusulinida The Fusulinida is an extinct order within the Foraminifera in which the tests are traditionally considered to have been composed of microgranular calcite. Like all forams, they were single-celled organisms. In advanced forms the test wall was ...

(or as often, suborder Fusulinina) known from the upper

Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a period (geology), geologic period and system (stratigraphy), system of the Paleozoic era (geology), era during the Phanerozoic eon (geology), eon, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian per ...

to the Lower

Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years, from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.902 Mya. It is the s ...

. Probably ancestral to the Fusulinacea. Alfred R. Loeblich Jr and Helen Tappan 1988. Foraminiferal Genera and their Classification. VanNostrand Reinhold. New York N.Y. On line at

Diagnosis

Fusulinida with multichambered, septate tests, planispirally to streptospirally coiled at least in the early stage, may uncoil and become straight in the late growth stage.

Taxonomy

Taxonomic relationships

The Endothyracea, as presented in the

Treatise A treatise is a Formality, formal and systematic written discourse on some subject concerned with investigating or exposing the main principles of the subject and its conclusions."mwod:treatise, Treatise." Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Acc ...

was one of only three superfamilies in the Fusulinina, the others being the Parathuramminacea and Fusulinacea. With the discovery of more genera since publication of the Treatise in 1964 and the concomitant development of new perspectives, the Endothyracea was split into a number of newly defined superfamilies, included in a revised and smaller Endothyracea based on the family Endothyridae.

Taxonomy

The Endothyracea, as now defined, envelops the Endothyridae and contains the following subfamilies. : Endostaffellinae : Endothyrinae : Endothyranoposinae
: Haplophragmellinae

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5376445 Foraminifera superfamilies Carboniferous life Permian life Late Devonian first appearances Cisuralian extinctions