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Endomychidae, or handsome fungus beetles, is a family of
beetle Beetles are insects that form the Taxonomic rank, order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Holometabola. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 40 ...
s with representatives found in all
biogeographic realm A biogeographic realm is the broadest biogeography, biogeographic division of Earth's land surface, based on distributional patterns of terrestrial animal, terrestrial organisms. They are subdivided into bioregions, which are further subdivid ...
s. There are around 120 genera and 1300 species. The family was established based on the type genus '' Endomychus'', a genus erected in 1795 by
Panzer {{CatAutoTOC, numerals=no Words and phrases Germanic words and phrases Words and phrases by language la:Categoria:Verba Theodisca ...
which was applied to a species that Linnaeus called ''Chrysomela coccinea''. As the common name suggests, Endomychidae feed on
fungi A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...
. Crowson, in his influential treatment of the beetles, placed the family within the
Cucujoidea Cucujoidea is a superfamily of beetles. This group formerly included all of the families now included in the superfamily Coccinelloidea. They include some fungus beetles and a diversity of lineages of "bark beetles" unrelated to the "true" bark ...
. They have a tarsal formal of 4-4-4 or 3-3-3 and the wings lack a closed radial cell. The second antennal segment has a sensory appendage that is as long as the third antennal segment. The family has also been grouped with the
Coccinellidae Coccinellidae () is a widespread family (biology), family of small beetles. They are commonly known as ladybugs in North America and ladybirds in the United Kingdom; "lady" refers to Mary, mother of Jesus, mother Mary. Entomologists use the ...
in a group called the Trimera for having pseudotrimerous tarsi. A 2015 molecular phylogeny study found that the Cucujoidea were found to be non-monophyletic and the Endomychidae was refined with the removal of the Anamorphinae from within the family and elevated to the status of a full family, Anamorphidae. Mycetaeinae and Eupsilobiinae were also found not to belong within the
clade In biology, a clade (), also known as a Monophyly, monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that is composed of a common ancestor and all of its descendants. Clades are the fundamental unit of cladistics, a modern approach t ...
s of the core Endomychidae, and likewise reclassified into the families Mycetaeidae and Eupsilobiidae. The
subfamilies In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zool ...
that are included: * Danascelinae * Endomychinae (including Stenotarsinae) * Epipocinae * Leiestinae * Lycoperdininae * Merophysiinae * Pleganophorinae * Xenomycetinae


Genera

These 70 genera belong to the family Endomychidae as defined in the past (due to revisions, this may not be entirely accurate): * '' Acinaces'' Gerstaecker, 1858 g * '' Aclemmysa'' Reitter, 1904 g * '' Agaricophilus'' Motschulsky, 1838 g * '' Amphisternus'' Germar, 1843 g * '' Amphistethus'' Strohecker, 1964 g * '' Ancylopus'' Costa, 1854 g * '' Anidrytus'' Gerstaecker, 1858 i c g * '' Aphorista'' Gorham, 1873 i c g b * '' Archipines'' Strohecker, 1953 i c g * '' Asymbius'' Gorham, 1896 g * '' Atopomychus'' Tomaszewska & Szawaryn, 2013 g * '' Atrichonota'' Arrow, 1925 g * '' Avencymon'' Strohecker, 1971 g * '' Beccariola'' Arrow, 1943 g * '' Bolbomorphus'' Gorham, 1888 g * '' Brachytrycherus'' Arrow, 1920 g * '' Bystodes'' Strohecker, 1953 g * '' Cholovocera'' Motschulsky, 1838 g * '' Chondria'' Gorham, 1888 g * '' Corynomalus'' Chevrolat in Dejean, 1836 i c g * '' Cyclotoma'' Mulsant, 1851 i g * '' Danae'' Reiche, 1847 i c g b * '' Danascelis'' Tomaszewska, 1999 i c g * '' Dapsa'' Latreille, 1829 g * '' Dexialia'' Sasaji, 1970 g * ''
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'' Gorham, 1891 g * '' Discolomopsis'' Shockley, 2006 g * '' Displotera'' Reitter, 1877 g * '' Ectomychus'' Gorham, 1888 g * '' Eidorus'' g * '' Endomychus'' Panzer, 1795 i c g b * '' Ephebus'' Chevrolat in Dejean, 1836 i c g * '' Epipocus'' Germar, 1843 i c g b * '' Epopterus'' Chevrolat in Dejean, 1836 i c g * '' Eucteanus'' Gerstaecker, 1857 g * '' Eucymon'' g * '' Eumorphus'' Weber, 1801 g * '' Geoendomychus'' Lea, 1922 g * '' Glesirhanis'' Shockley & Alekseev, 2014 g * '' Hadromychus'' Bousquet & Leschen, 2002 i c g b * '' Holoparamecus'' Curtis, 1833 i c g b * '' Hylaia'' Guerin, 1857 g * '' Hylaperdina'' Tomaszewska, 2012 g * '' Idiophyes'' Blackburn, 1896 g * '' Indalmus'' Gerstaecker, 1858 g * '' Leiestes'' Chevrolat, 1836 g * '' Lycoperdina'' Latreille, 1807 i c g b * '' Meilichius'' Gerstaecker, 1857 g * '' Merophysia'' Lucas, 1852 g * '' Microxenus'' Wallaston, 1861 g * '' Mycetina'' Mulsant, 1846 i c g b * '' Mychothenus'' Strohecker, 1953 g * '' Natalinus'' Tomaszewska, 2011 g * '' Ohtaius'' Chûjô, 1938 g * '' Palaeoestes'' Kirejtshuk & Nel, 2009 g * '' Paniegena'' Heller, 1916 g * '' Parasymbius'' Arrow, 1920 g * '' Phymaphora'' Newman, 1838 i c g b * '' Phymaphoroides'' Motschoulsky, 1857 g * '' Pleganophorus'' Hampe, 1855 g * '' Polymus'' Mulsant, 1846 g * '' Pseudindalmus'' Arrow, 1920 g * '' Rhanidea'' Strohecker, 1953 i c g b * '' Saula'' Gerstaecker, 1858 i c g * '' Sinocymbachus'' Strohecker & Chujo, 1970 g * '' Stenotarsus'' Perty, 1832 i c g b * '' Stethorhanis'' Blaisdell, 1931 i c g * '' Trochoideus'' Westwood, 1833 i c g b * '' Trycherus'' Gerstaecker, 1857 g * '' Xenomycetes'' Horn, 1880 i c g b Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net


Fossil genera

* '' Burmalestes'' Tomaszewska and Ślipiński, 2018
Burmese amber Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. Th ...
, Myanmar, Late Cretaceous (
Cenomanian The Cenomanian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy's (ICS) geological timescale, the oldest or earliest age (geology), age of the Late Cretaceous epoch (geology), Epoch or the lowest stage (stratigraphy), stage of the Upper Cretace ...
) * '' Cretolestes'' Tomaszewska, Ślipiński and Ren, 2018 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian * '' Cretaparamecus'' Tomaszewska, Ślipiński, Bai and Zhang, 2018 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian * '' Palaeomycetes'' Tomaszewska, Ślipiński and Ren, 2018 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian * '' Zemyna'' Tomaszewska, 2018 (replaced name ''Laima'' Alekseev and Tomaszewska, 2018'')'':
Baltic amber Baltic amber or succinite is amber from the Baltic region, home of its largest known deposits. It was produced sometime during the Eocene epoch, but exactly when is controversial. It has been estimated that this forested region provided the re ...
, Eocene


References


External links

* * {{Authority control Coccinelloidea Polyphaga families