''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are shrubs.
DNA molecular data shows that it is closely related to ''
Rhodostemonodaphne'' and ''
Ocotea
''Ocotea'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Lauraceae. Many are evergreen trees with lauroid leaves.
There are over 520 species currently accepted within the genus, distributed mostly in tropical and subtropical areas of ...
''.
This genus has many species of high commercial value to the wood industry.
''Endlicheria'' species occur mostly in the drainage area of the
Amazon
Amazon most often refers to:
* Amazon River, in South America
* Amazon rainforest, a rainforest covering most of the Amazon basin
* Amazon (company), an American multinational technology company
* Amazons, a tribe of female warriors in Greek myth ...
from
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...
, and low coast rainforest and mountain tropical forest in the Greater Antilles, Guianas, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, to the south of Brazil, and in the Andean
cloud forest
A cloud forest, also called a water forest, primas forest, or tropical montane cloud forest, is a generally tropical or subtropical, evergreen, Montane forest, montane, Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, moist forest characteri ...
in tropical America. The species of ''Endlicheria'' occur in moist forest habitats from elevations of around sea level to 2.500 meters in the Andean and Guianian highlands. At least two species are present in mountain cloud forest and Atlantic forest of south east Brazil, and two other species in Caribbean Lesser Antilles mountain cloud forest.
Taxonomy
Traditionally, ''Endlicheria'' was placed near ''
Aniba
''Aniba'' is an American neotropical flowering plant genus in the family Lauraceae. They are present in low and mountain cloud forest in Caribbean islands, Central America, and northern to central South America.
Description
They are shrubs o ...
'' and the other Lauraceae with two locellate anthers.
[ However, it has been suggested that the two-locellate anthers that distinguish ''Endlicheria'' from ''Rhodostemonodaphne'' evolved repeatedly.][ The two genera form a group of approximately 100 known species.][
]
Characteristics
Leaves congested at the apex of the branches, flowers in panicles with racemose endings.
The plants are dioecious
Dioecy ( ; ; adj. dioecious, ) is a characteristic of certain species that have distinct unisexual individuals, each producing either male or female gametes, either directly (in animals) or indirectly (in seed plants). Dioecious reproduction is ...
, i.e., male and female flowers appear on different trees.
Species
60 species are accepted.Endlicheria arunciflora
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria aurea
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria bracteata
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria bracteolata
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria browniana
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria bullata
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria canescens
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria chalisea
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria chrysovelutina
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria citriodora
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria cocuirey
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*'' Endlicheria columbiana''
*'' Endlicheria coriacea''
*'' Endlicheria dictifarinosa''
*'' Endlicheria directonervia''
*'' Endlicheria duotincta''
*'' Endlicheria dysodantha''
*'' Endlicheria ferruginosa''
*'' Endlicheria formosa''
*''Endlicheria glomerata
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*'' Endlicheria gracilis''
*'' Endlicheria griseosericea''
*'' Endlicheria jefensis''
*'' Endlicheria klugii''
*'' Endlicheria krukovii''
*''Endlicheria levelii
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*'' Endlicheria lhotzkyi''
*'' Endlicheria longicaudata''
*''Endlicheria lorastemon
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*'' Endlicheria macrophylla''
*'' Endlicheria melinonii''
*'' Endlicheria metallica''
*'' Endlicheria mishuyacensis''
*'' Endlicheria multiflora''
*'' Endlicheria nilssonii''
*'' Endlicheria oreocola''
*''Endlicheria paniculata
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria paradoxa
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*'' Endlicheria punctulata''
*'' Endlicheria pyriformis''
*'' Endlicheria reflectens''
*'' Endlicheria robusta''
*''Endlicheria rubra
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*''Endlicheria rubriflora
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*'' Endlicheria ruforamula''
*'' Endlicheria sericea''
*'' Endlicheria sprucei''
*'' Endlicheria szyszylowiczii''
*''Endlicheria tessmannii
''Endlicheria'' is a neotropical plant genus consisting of approximately 60 species, occurring mostly in northern South America and the Amazon region. Most species are medium-sized trees, sometime up to 40 metres in height, but a few species are ...
''
*'' Endlicheria tomentosa''
*'' Endlicheria tschudyana''
*'' Endlicheria verticillata''
*'' Endlicheria vinotincta''
*'' Endlicheria williamsii''
*'' Endlicheria xerampela''
References
External links
* http://lauraceae.myspecies.info/category/lauraceae/lauraceae/endlicheria
''Endlicheria'' in Bolivia checklist
Dioecious plants
Lauraceae genera
Flora of the Neotropical realm
Taxa described in 1833
Taxa named by Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck
{{Laurales-stub