As of September 2016, the

International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natur ...

(IUCN) lists 643

endangered An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching and inv ...

fish Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% ...

species. 4.2% of all evaluated fish species are listed as endangered. The IUCN also lists ten fish subspecies as endangered. Of the subpopulations of fishes evaluated by the IUCN, 24 species subpopulations have been assessed as endangered. For a species to be considered endangered by the IUCN it must meet certain quantitative criteria which are designed to classify taxa facing "a very high risk of extinction". An even higher risk is faced by ''critically endangered'' species, which meet the quantitative criteria for endangered species. Critically endangered fishes are listed separately. There are 1098 fish species which are endangered or critically endangered. Additionally 3191 fish species (21% of those evaluated) are listed as ''

data deficient A data deficient (DD) species is one which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as offering insufficient information for a proper assessment of conservation status to be made. This does not necessarily ...

'', meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN. While the category of ''data deficient'' indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed." This is a complete list of endangered fish species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN. Species and subspecies which have endangered subpopulations (or stocks) are indicated.

Cartilaginous fishes

Chondrichthyes includes sharks, rays, skates, and saw-fish. There are 124 cartilaginous fishes classified as endangered by the IUCN.

Prickly sharks

* Bramble shark ''(Echinorhinus brucus)''

Carpet sharks

Whale shark The whale shark (''Rhincodon typus'') is a slow-moving, filter-feeding carpet shark and the largest known extant fish species. The largest confirmed individual had a length of .McClain CR, Balk MA, Benfield MC, Branch TA, Chen C, Cosgrove J, ...

''(Rhincodon typus)'' * Pacific nurseshark ''(Ginglymostoma unami)'' * Zebra shark ''(Stegostoma tigrinum)'' * Hasselt's bambooshark ''(Chiloscyllium hasselti)''

Ground sharks

* Bonnethead ''(Sphyrna tiburo)'' * Winghead shark ''(Eusphyrna blochii)'' * Happy Eddie ''(Haploblepharus edwardsii)'' * Honeycomb Izak ''(Holohalaelurus favus)'' * African spotted catshark ''(Holohalaelurus punctuatus)'' * Blackspotted catshark ''(Halaelurus buergeri)'' * Grey reef shark ''(Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos)'' * Caribbean reef shark ''(Carcharhinus perezi)'' * Dusky shark ''(Carcharhinus obscurus)'' * Smoothtooth blacktip shark ''(Carcharhinus leiodon)'' * Whitenose shark ''(Nasolamia velox)'' * Blacknose shark ''(Carcharhinus acronotus)'' * Night shark ''(Carcharhinus signatus)'' * Sharptooth lemon shark ''(Negaprion acutidens)'' * Sandbar shark ''(Carcharhinus plumbeus)'' * Whitecheek shark ''(Carcharhinus dussumieri)'' *

Borneo broadfin shark The Borneo broadfin shark or broadfin shark (''Lamiopsis tephrodes'') is a species of requiem shark, and part of the family Carcharhinidae. See also *List of sharks Shark is the naming term of all members of Selachimorpha suborder in the su ...

''(Lamiopsis tephrodes)'' * Broadfin shark ''(Lamiopsis temminckii)'' * Venezuelan dwarf smoothhound ''(Mustelus minicanis)'' * Spotless smoothhound ''(Mustelus griseus)'' *

Indonesian houndshark The Indonesian houndshark (''Hemitriakis indroyonoi'') is a species of houndshark in the genus ''Hemitriakis''.

''(Hemitriakis indroyonoi)'' * Banded houndshark ''(Triakis scyllium)'' * Starspotted smoothhound ''(Mustelus manazo)'' * Japanese topeshark ''(Hemitriakis japanica)'' * Smalleye smoothhound ''(Mustelus higmani)'' * Common smoothhound ''(Mustelus mustelus)'' * Sharpfin houndshark ''(Hemitriakis acutipinna)'' * Straight-tooth weaselshark ''(Paragaleus tengi)'' * Atlantic weaselshark ''(Paragaleus pectoralis)''

Mackerel sharks

* Shortfin mako ''(Isurus oxyrinchus)'' * Longfin mako ''(Isurus paucus)'' *

Pelagic thresher The pelagic thresher (''Alopias pelagicus'') is a species of thresher shark, family Alopiidae; this group of sharks is characterized by the greatly elongated upper lobes of their caudal fins. The pelagic thresher occurs in the tropical and subt ...

''(Alopias pelagicus)'' *

Basking shark The basking shark (''Cetorhinus maximus'') is the second-largest living shark and fish, after the whale shark, and one of three plankton-eating shark species, along with the whale shark and megamouth shark. Adults typically reach in leng ...

''(Cetorhinus maximus)''

Dogfishes

* Gulper shark ''(Centrophorus granulosus)'' * African gulper shark *

Little gulper shark The little gulper shark (''Centrophorus uyato'') is a small, deepwater dogfish of the family Centrophoridae. Physical characteristics The little gulper shark has no anal fin, two dorsal fins with spines, slightly humped back before the first ...

''(Centrophorus uyato)'' *

Blackfin gulper shark The blackfin gulper shark (''Centrophorus isodon'') is a dogfish of the family Centrophoridae in the Northwest Pacific. Threats are not entirely clear but they may be bycatching from deepwater trawling and line fisheries and may also be used for ...

''(Centrophorus isodon)'' * Longfin gulper shark *

Mosaic gulper shark The mosaic gulper shark (''Centrophorus tessellatus'') is a small rare deepwater dogfish, found in the Pacific Ocean around Honshū, Japan and the Hawaiian Islands at depths between 260 and 728 m. It is one of 13 described species in the genus ' ...

''(Centrophorus tessellatus)'' *

Leafscale gulper shark The leafscale gulper shark (''Centrophorus squamosus'') is a dogfish of the family Centrophoridae. ''C. squamosus'' is reported to have a lifespan of approximately 70 years, based on otolith ring counts. It was the first described species in th ...

''(Centrophorus squamosus)'' *

Dumb gulper shark The dumb gulper shark (''Centrophorus harrissoni'') is a rare and endangered deepwater dogfish, known from only along the east coast of Australia and isolated spots north and west of New Zealand. It is also known as the dumb shark, Harrison's d ...

''(Centrophorus harrissoni)'' *

Angular roughshark The angular roughshark (''Oxynotus centrina'') is a rough shark of the family Oxynotidae. Taxonomy Biologist Carl Linnaeus described the angular roughshark, ''O. centrina'', in 1758. This name was later finalized and accepted by the scient ...

''(Oxynotus centrina)'' *

Shortspine spurdog The shortspine spurdog (''Squalus mitsukurii'') is a dogfish, a member of the family Squalidae, found on continental shelves off Japan in temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to ...

''(Squalus mitsukurii)'' *

Japanese spurdog The Japanese spurdog (''Squalus japonicus'') is a dogfish, a member of the family Squalidae. It is found in the western Pacific Ocean – southeastern Japan and the East China Sea, including the Republic of Korea, the Philippines, and the Arafur ...

''(Squalus japonicus)'' *

Japanese shortnose spurdog The Japanese shortnose spurdog (''Squalus brevirostris'') is a dogfish shark in the genus ''Squalus''. It is found from southern Japan to the South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded ...

''(Squalus brevirostris)'' *

Greeneye spurdog The greeneye spurdog (''Squalus chloroculus'') is a species of dogfish described in 2007. It is a member of the family Squalidae, found off the coast of southeastern Australia. The length of the longest specimen measured is . It was considered c ...

''(Squalus chloroculus)'' *

Taiwan spurdog The Taiwan spurdog (''Squalus formosus'') is a species of shark in the genus ''Squalus''. It was accidentally found in Taiwan's Tashi fish market by William Toby White and a colleague of the CSIRO in Hobart, Australia. They named it ''S. formosus ...

''(Squalus formosus)''

Angel sharks

Species

Skates

* Winter skate ''(Leucoraja ocellata)'' * Undulate skate ''(Raja undulata)'' *

Graytail skate The graytail skate (''Bathyraja griseocauda''), or gray tail skate, is a large species of skate in the family Arhynchobatidae, native to the south-western Atlantic Ocean and south-eastern Pacific Ocean. It is listed as endangered by the IUCN. ...

''(Bathyraja griseocauda)'' * Yellownose skate ''(Dipturus chilensis)'' * Roughskin skate ''(Dipturus trachydermus)'' *

La Plata skate The La Plata skate (''Atlantoraja platana'') is a species of fish in the family Arhynchobatidae. It lives off the coast of Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina in depths ranging from 19 to 181 meters. Its total length is about 60 centimeters. Males reac ...

''(Atlantoraja platana)'' *

Mottled skate The mottled skate (''Beringraja pulchra'') is a species of skate in the family Rajidae. An inhabitant of shallow coastal waters, it is found in the northwestern Pacific Ocean off Korea, Japan, and China. This species grows to long and has a dia ...

''(Beringraja pulchra)'' * Bottlenose skate ''(Rostroraja alba)'' *

Grey skate The grey skate (''Dipturus canutus'') is a species of fish in the family Rajidae. It was described in 2008 by Australian ichthyologist Peter R. Last. Taxonomy Australian ichthyologist Peter Last described the grey skate from a specimen collecte ...

''(Dipturus canutus)'' * Rough skate ''(Raja radula)'' * Sandy skate ''(Leucoraja circularis)'' *

Eyespot skate The eyespot skate (''Atlantoraja cyclophora'') is a species of fish in the family Arhynchobatidae. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. Its natural habitats are open sea The sea, connected as the world ocean or simply the ocean, i ...

''(Atlantoraja cyclophora)'' *

Maugean skate The maugean skate or Port Davey skate (''Zearaja maugeana'') is a species of fish in the family Rajidae. Its natural habitat is estuarine waters. It is endemic to Tasmania, only found in Macquarie Harbour and Bathurst Harbour Bathurst H ...

''(Dipturus maugeanus)'' * Twineye skate ''(Raja ocellifera)''

Rays

* Giant manta ray ''(Mobula birostris)'' * Spinetail devil ray ''(Mobula mobular)'' * Atlantic devil ray ''(Mobula hypostoma)'' *

Bentfin devil ray The bentfin devil ray (''Mobula thurstoni''), also known as the lesser devil ray, smoothtail devil ray, smoothtail mobula or Thurston's devil ray, is a species of ray in the family Mobulidae. It is found worldwide in tropical, subtropical and war ...

''(Mobula thurstoni)'' *

Shortfin devil ray ''Mobula kuhlii'', the shortfin devil ray, is a species of ray in the family Mobulidae. It is endemic to the Indian Ocean and central-west Pacific Ocean. It ranges from South Africa, Mozambique, Tanzania and the Seychelles in the west to the Phil ...

''(Mobula kuhlii)'' * Longhorned pygmy devil ray ''(Mobula eregoodoo)'' * Chilean devil ray ''(Mobula tarapacana)'' *

Ornate eagle ray The ornate eagle ray or reticulate eagle ray (''Aetomylaeus vespertilio'') is a species of large stingray of the family Myliobatidae. Appearance ''Aetomylaeus vespertilio'' has a maximum size of around 240 cm in disc width and a clearly di ...

''(Aetomylaeus vespertilio)'' * Ocellate eagle ray ''(Aetobatus ocellatus)'' * Whitespotted eagle ray ''(Aetobatus narinari)'' * Longhead eagle ray ''(Aetobatus flagellum)'' *

Mottled eagle ray The mottled eagle ray (''Aetomylaeus maculatus'') is a species of fish in the family Myliobatidae. Description The mottled eagle ray can grow up to 78 cm in disc width. Little is known about this species, but based on similar species it is ...

''(Aetomylaeus maculatus)'' * Giant freshwater whipray ''(Urogymnus polylepis)'' * White-edge whipray ''(Fluvitrygon signifer)'' * Coach whipray ''(Himantura uarnak)'' * Bleeker's whipray ''(Pateobatis bleekeri)'' * Sharpnose whipray ''(Maculabatus macrura)'' *

Marbled whipray The marbled whipray (''Fluvitrygon oxyrhynchus'') is a little-known species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, native to several freshwater rivers in Southeast Asia. This species has an oval pectoral fin disc with an elongated, pointed snout ...

''(Fluvitrygon oxyrhynchus)'' *

Round whipray The round whipray (''Maculabatis pastinacoides'') is a species of stingray within the family Dasyatidae. Populations of round whipray are primarily located in the Malay Archipelago, more specifically, parts of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malay ...

''(Maculabatus pastinacoides)'' *

Roughback whipray The roughback whipray (''Himantura kittipongi'') is a rare species of freshwater Myliobatiformes, stingray in the family (biology), family Dasyatidae, found over sandy bottoms in the Mae Klong and Chao Phraya Rivers of Thailand. Growing no more t ...

''(Fluvitrygon kittapongi)'' * Whitespotted whipray ''(Maculabatis gerrardi)'' *

Tubemouth whipray The tubemouth whipray (''Urogymnus lobistoma'') is a little-known species of Myliobatiformes, stingray in the family (biology), family Dasyatidae, named for its distinctive, highly protrusible jaws. It is found in shallow, brackish water near man ...

''(Urogymnus lobistoma)'' *

Whitenose whipray The whitenose whipray (''Pateobatis uarnacoides'') is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae native to the eastern Indian Ocean and the western central Pacific Ocean, where it is found in shallow water including estuaries. This species ...

''(Himantura uarnacoides)'' * Javan whipray ''(Bevitrygon javaensis)'' *

Honeycomb whipray The honeycomb whipray (''Himantura undulata'') is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, found widely in the shallow coastal waters of the Indo-Pacific from India to the Malay Archipelago. This large species grows to across and has ...

''(Himantura undulata)'' * Narrow cowtail ray ''(Pastinachus gracilicaudus)'' * Roughnose cowtail ray ''(Pastinachus solocirostris)'' *

Javanese cownose ray Javanese may refer to: Of Java *Javanese people, and their culture *Javanese language **Javanese script, traditional letters used to write Javanese language **Javanese (Unicode block), **Old Javanese, the oldest phase of the Javanese language * ...

''(Rhinoptera javanica)'' * Oman cownose ray ''(Rhinoptera jayakari)'' * Mekong stingray ''(Hemitrygon laosensis)'' * Seret's butterfly ray ''(Gymnura sereti)'' *

Spiny butterfly ray The spiny butterfly ray or giant butterfly ray (''Gymnura altavela'') is a species of butterfly ray, family Gymnuridae, native to the shallow coastal waters of the Atlantic Ocean. A large ray that can measure over across, it may be distinguishe ...

''(Gymnura altaveri)'' * Zonetail butterfly ray ''(Gymnura zonura)'' * Groovebelly stingray ''(Dasyatis hypostigma)'' * Atlantic chupare ''(Styracura schmardae)'' * Coastal stingaree ''(Urolophus orarius)'' * Raya Amazonica ''(Potamotrygon tigrina)'' * Indian sharpnose ray ''(Telatrygon crozieri)'' * Venezuelan round ray ''(Urotrygon venezuelae)'' *

Chinese stingray The Chinese stingray, ''Hemitrygon sinensis'', is a little-known species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, found in the northwestern Pacific Ocean off the coasts of China and Korea. This species is characterized by a band of small dermal den ...

''(Hemitrygon sinensis)'' * Large-eye stingray ''(Hypanus marinae)''

Sawfish and guitarfish

Dwarf sawfish The dwarf sawfish or Queensland sawfish, ''Pristis clavata'', is a sawfish of the family Pristidae, found in tropical Australia. This endangered species is the smallest species in its family. Description The dwarf sawfish has a torpedo-sha ...

''(Pristis clavata)'' *

Knifetooth sawfish The narrow sawfish (''Anoxypristis cuspidata''), also known as the pointed sawfish or knifetooth sawfish, is a species of sawfish in the family Pristidae, part of the Batoidea, a superorder of cartilaginous fish that include the rays and skates. ...

''(Anoxypristis cuspidata)'' * Borneo guitarfish ''(Rhinobatos borneensis)'' * Chola guitarfish ''(Pseudobatos percellens)'' *

Shortnose guitarfish The shortnose guitarfish (''Zapteryx brevirostris'') is a species of fish in the Rhinobatidae family found in the southwest Atlantic in coastal parts near sandy sea floors of southern Brazil, through Uruguay, to northeast Argentina. It reaches a ...

''(Zapteryx brevirostris)'' * Ringed guitarfish ''(Rhinobatos hynnicephalus)'' * Indonesian guitarfish ''(Rhinobatos penggali)'' * Greyspot guitarfish ''(Acroteriobatus leucospilus)''

Torpedo rays

* Chinese fanray ''(Platyrhina sinensis)'' * Tonkin numbfish ''(Narcine prodorsalis)'' * West African torpedo ''(Torpedo mackayana)'' * Rosette torpedo ''(Torpedo bauchotae)'' * Aden torpedo ''(Torpedo adenensis)''

Ray-finned fishes

Subpopulations *''Squatina guggenheim'' (1 subpopulation)

Mackerel sharks

Subpopulations *

''(Cetorhinus maximus)'' (2 subpopulations) * Porbeagle ''(Lamna nasus)'' (1 subpopulation)

Rays and skates

Ground sharks

Species Subpopulations * Sicklefin lemon shark ''(Negaprion acutidens)'' (1 subpopulation) *

Scalloped hammerhead The scalloped hammerhead (''Sphyrna lewini'') is a species of hammerhead shark in the family (biology), family Hammerhead shark, Sphyrnidae. It was originally known as ''Zygaena lewini''. The Greek language, Greek word ''sphyrna'' translates into ...

''(Sphyrna lewini)'' (3 subpopulations)

Carpet sharks

''(Rhincodon typus)''

Squaliformes

Species *

''(Centrophorus harrissoni)'' Subpopulations *

Spiny dogfish The spiny dogfish (''Squalus acanthias''), spurdog, mud shark, or piked dogfish is one of the best known species of the Squalidae (dogfish) family of sharks, which is part of the Squaliformes order. While these common names may apply to several ...

''(Squalus acanthias)'' (2 subpopulations)

Lampreys

Turkish brook lamprey Turkish may refer to: *a Turkic language spoken by the Turks * of or about Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities ...

''(Lampetra lanceolata)''

Ray-finned fishes

There are 592 species, ten subspecies, and three subpopulations of ray-finned fish assessed as endangered.

Salmoniformes

Species Subpopulations *

Sockeye salmon The sockeye salmon (''Oncorhynchus nerka''), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, blueback salmon, or simply sockeye, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it. This species is a ...

''(Oncorhynchus nerka)'' (12 subpopulations)

Silversides

Toothcarps

There are 65 species and nine subspecies of toothcarp assessed as endangered.

Pupfish

Species Subspecies * Dead Sea toothcarp ''(Aphanius dispar richardsoni)''

Nothobranchiids

Species Subspecies

Poeciliids

Other toothcarp species

Cypriniformes

Cypriniformes includes carps, minnows, loaches and relatives. There are 245 species in the order Cypriniformes assessed as endangered.

Ellopostomatids

*''

Ellopostoma mystax ''Ellopostoma mystax'', the enigmatic loach, is a small, endangered species of freshwater fish originally placed in the family Balitoridae, but now generally in Ellopostomatidae. ''E. mystax'' is only found in Thailand in the basins of the Tapi ...

Hillstream loaches

True loaches

Cyprinids

Psilorhynchids

*''

Psilorhynchus microphthalmus ''Psilorhynchus microphthalmus'' is a freshwater ray-finned fish, a torrent minnow. It is restricted to the Chapki Stream in the Chindwin basin of Manipur, India. It is found in flowing water with a rock substrate. This species is threatened fr ...

Suckers

Osmeriformes

Species Subspecies *''

Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis Ayu or AYU may refer to: * Ayu (given name) * Ayu sweetfish (''Plecoglossus altivelis''), a species of smelt * ''Ayu'', a local name for the African manatee * Ayu (singer) or Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer * Ayu Islands, a small archipelago in In ...

Catfishes

Perciformes

There are 133 species and one subpopulation in the order Perciformes assessed as endangered.

Cichlids

Percids

Epinephelids

Gobies

Other Perciformes

Species Subpopulations *

Swordfish Swordfish (''Xiphias gladius''), also known as broadbills in some countries, are large, highly migratory predatory fish characterized by a long, flat, pointed bill. They are a popular sport fish of the billfish category, though elusive. Swordfi ...

''(Xiphias gladius)'' (1 subpopulation)

Osteoglossiformes

Characiformes

Tetraodontiformes

Other ray-finned fishes

Species Subpopulations *

White sturgeon White sturgeon (''Acipenser transmontanus'') is a species of sturgeon in the family Acipenseridae of the order Acipenseriformes. They are an anadromous fish species ranging in the Eastern Pacific; from the Gulf of Alaska to Monterey, California ...

''(Acipenser transmontanus)'' (1 subpopulation)

Hagfishes

*''

Myxine paucidens ''Myxine'' is a genus of hagfish, from the Greek μυξῖνος (''myxinos'', "slimy"). In 2021, three new species of ''Myxine'' were described from the Galápagos including '' M. phantasma'', the only species of ''Myxine'' to not have melan ...

'' *''

Paramyxine taiwanae ''Eptatretus'' is a large genus of hagfish. Species There are currently 49 recognized species in this genus: * ''Eptatretus aceroi'' Polanco Fernández & Fernholm, 2014 (Acero's hagfish)Polanco Fernandez, A. & Fernholm, B. (2014): A New Speci ...

References

01 *Fish

Endangered An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching and inv ...

Endangered fish Endangered fishes *Fish {{bots, deny=BG19bot,Yobot