Emilio Jacinto y Dizon (; December 15, 1875 – April 16, 1899) was a Filipino general during the

Philippine Revolution The Philippine Revolution ( or ; or ) was a war of independence waged by the revolutionary organization Katipunan against the Spanish Empire from 1896 to 1898. It was the culmination of the 333-year History of the Philippines (1565–1898), ...

. He was one of the highest-ranking officers in the Philippine Revolution and was one of the highest-ranking officers of the revolutionary society ''Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan'', or simply and more popularly called ''

Katipunan The Katipunan (), officially known as the (; ) and abbreviated as the KKK, was a revolutionary organization founded in 1892 by a group of Filipino nationalists Deodato Arellano, Andrés Bonifacio, Valentin Diaz, Ladislao Diwa, José Dizon, an ...

'', being a member of its Supreme Council. He was elected Secretary of State for the Haring Bayang Katagalugan, a revolutionary government established during the outbreak of hostilities. He is popularly known in Philippine history textbooks as the ''Brains of the Katipunan'' (Filipino:Utak ng Katipunan) while some contend he should be rightfully recognized as the "Brains of the Revolution" ( Filipino: ''Utak ng Himagsikan,'' a title that is usually given to

Apolinario Mabini Apolinario Mabini y Maranán (; July 23, 1864 – May 13, 1903) was a Filipino revolutionary, revolutionary leader, educator, lawyer, and Politician, statesman who served first as a legal and constitutional adviser to the Philippine Revolution# ...

). Jacinto was present in the so-called

Cry of Pugad Lawin The Cry of Pugad Lawin (, ) was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. In late August 1896, members of the Katipunan led by Andrés Bonifacio revolted somewhere around Caloocan, which included parts of the pre ...

(or Cry of Balintawak) with

Andrés Bonifacio Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro (, ; November 30, 1863May 10, 1897) was a Filipino people, Filipino revolutionary leader. He is often called "The Father of the Philippines, Philippine Philippine Revolution, Revolution", and considered a nationa ...

, the ''Supremo'' (Supreme President) of the Katipunan, and others of its members which signaled the start of the Revolution against the Spanish colonial government in the islands.

Biography

Born in

Tondo, Manila Tondo is a district located in Manila, Philippines. It is the largest, in terms of area and population, of Manila's sixteen districts, with a census-estimated 654,220 people in 2020. It consists of two congressional districts. It is also the se ...

, Emilio Jacinto was proficient both in Spanish and Tagalog. He attended San Juan de Letran College, and later transferred to the

University of Santo Tomas The University of Santo Tomas (UST; ), officially the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines or colloquially as ''Ustê'' (), is a Private university, private Catholic school, Catholic researc ...

to study law.

Manuel Quezon Manuel Luis Quezon y Molina (, , , ; 19 August 1878 – 1 August 1944), also known by his initials MLQ, was a Filipino lawyer, statesman, soldier, and politician who was president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 until his d ...

Sergio Osmeña Sergio Osmeña Sr. (, ; zh, c=吳文釗, poj=Gô͘ Bûn-chiau; September 9, 1878 – October 19, 1961) was a Filipino people, Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the List of presidents of the Philippines, fourth president of the Ph ...

and Juan Sumulong were his classmates. He did not finish college and, at the age of 19, joined the secret society called

. He became the advisor on fiscal matters and secretary to

. He was later known as ''Utak ng Katipunan'' (). He and Bonifacio also befriended

when they attempted to continue

José Rizal José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (, ; June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is popularly considered a na ...

's '' La Liga Filipina''. Jacinto also wrote for the Katipunan newspaper called ''Kalayaan''. He wrote in the newspaper under the pen name "Dimasilaw", and used the alias "Pingkian" in the Katipunan. Jacinto was the author of the '' Kartilya ng Katipunan'' as well. After Bonifacio's execution, Jacinto pressed on with the Katipunan's struggle. Like general

Mariano Álvarez Mariano Malia Álvarez (: March 15, 1818 – August 25, 1924) was a Philippines, Filipino revolutionary and statesman. He was the first Municipal President of Noveleta. Pre-war life Álvarez was born in Noveleta, Tierra Alta, Cavite to Se ...

, he refused to join the forces of General

Emilio Aguinaldo Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (: March 22, 1869February 6, 1964) was a Filipino revolutionary, statesman, and military leader who became the first List of presidents of the Philippines, president of the Philippines (1899–1901), and the first pre ...

, the leader of the Katipunan's Magdalo faction. Jacinto lived in Laguna and also joined the militia fighting the Spaniards. Jacinto contracted

malaria Malaria is a Mosquito-borne disease, mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates and ''Anopheles'' mosquitoes. Human malaria causes Signs and symptoms, symptoms that typically include fever, Fatigue (medical), fatigue, vomitin ...

and died on April 16, 1899, in Brgy. Alipit, Santa Cruz, Laguna. His remains were initially buried in Brgy. San Juan, Santa Cruz, Laguna, and were transferred to the Manila North Cemetery a few years later and then transferred his remains at Himlayang Pilipino Memorial Park in

Quezon City Quezon City (, ; ), also known as the City of Quezon and Q.C. (read and pronounced in Filipino language, Filipino as Kyusi), is the richest and List of cities in the Philippines, most populous city in the Philippines. According to the 2020 c ...

. He was married to Catalina de Jesús, who was pregnant at the time of his death. Catalina de Jesus, who was also known as "Aling Tinay," was a spiritual leader and mystic from the Philippines. She founded the religious organization called "Cofradia de San Jose."

Tributes

In the 1970s, Jacinto's remains were transferred and enshrined at Himlayang Pilipino Memorial Park in

. At the shrine is a life-size bronze sculpture of a defiant Jacinto riding a horse during his days as a revolutionary. Another statue of Jacinto is located in Mehan Garden. Another monument of Jacinto was unveiled in the town plaza of Magdalena, Laguna on April 17, 2017. Jacinto's likeness used to be featured on the old 20 peso bill that was circulated from 1949 to 1969, and also on the old 20 centavo coin.

In popular culture

*Portrayed by Ariel Rivera in the 1995 Original Filipino Musical "1896" by the Philippine Educational Theater Education. *Portrayed by Smokey Manaloto in 1995 TV series ''Bayani'', in episode "Andres Bonifacio: KKK". *Portrayed by Cris Villanueva in 1996 TV series ''Bayani'', in 2 episodes. *Portrayed by Alvin Aragon in official Music Video GMA Lupang Hinirang in 2010 *Portrayed by RJ Agustin in the 2013 TV series ''

''. *Portrayed by

Joem Bascon Joseph Emmanuel Bascon (born August 29, 1986), popularly known by the stage name Joem Bascon, is a Filipino actor. Career Bascon's first relevance in the entertainment industry came due to his supposed resemblance to established entertainers ...

in the 2014 film '' Bonifacio: Ang Unang Pangulo''. *Portrayed by Vic Robinson in the 2024 Original Filipino Musical "Pingkian" by Tanghalang Pilipino''.

Quotes

* ''"Do not waste thy time: wealth can be recovered but not time lost."'' * ''"The honorable man prefers honor to personal gain; the scoundrel, gain to honor."'' * ''"To do good for personal gain and not for its own sake is not virtue."'' * ''"Defend the oppressed and fight the oppressor before the law or in the field."'' * ''"Whether our skin be black or white, we are all born equal: superiority in knowledge, wealth and beauty are to be understood, but not superiority by nature."''

References

External links

*. Accessed 1 September 2006.
MSC's honor to Jacinto
* *
14 Rules of Kartilya ng Katipunan ni Emilio Jacinto
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jacinto, Emilio 1875 births 1899 deaths Burials at the Manila North Cemetery Colegio de San Juan de Letran alumni Deaths from malaria Filipino nationalists Infectious disease deaths in the Philippines Filipino paramilitary personnel People from Tondo, Manila People of the Philippine–American War People of the Philippine Revolution Philippine Army generals University of Santo Tomas alumni Tagalog people Filipino revolutionaries