Emil Hammacher (21 March 1885, Köln — 1916, killed in France) was a German philosopher, proponent of objective idealism and mystic, doctor of Philosophy and Law, professor of philosophy at the

University of Bonn The University of Bonn, officially the Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University of Bonn (), is a public research university in Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was founded in its present form as the () on 18 October 1818 by Frederick Willi ...

. He studied in

Geneva Geneva ( , ; ) ; ; . is the List of cities in Switzerland, second-most populous city in Switzerland and the most populous in French-speaking Romandy. Situated in the southwest of the country, where the Rhône exits Lake Geneva, it is the ca ...

Heidelberg Heidelberg (; ; ) is the List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, fifth-largest city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, and with a population of about 163,000, of which roughly a quarter consists of studen ...

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

and

Bonn Bonn () is a federal city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, located on the banks of the Rhine. With a population exceeding 300,000, it lies about south-southeast of Cologne, in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr region. This ...

. Hammacher borrowed the basic tenets of objective

idealism Idealism in philosophy, also known as philosophical realism or metaphysical idealism, is the set of metaphysics, metaphysical perspectives asserting that, most fundamentally, reality is equivalent to mind, Spirit (vital essence), spirit, or ...

from

Hegel Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (27 August 1770 – 14 November 1831) was a 19th-century German idealism, German idealist. His influence extends across a wide range of topics from metaphysical issues in epistemology and ontology, to political phi ...

. He rejected

dialectic Dialectic (; ), also known as the dialectical method, refers originally to dialogue between people holding different points of view about a subject but wishing to arrive at the truth through reasoned argument. Dialectic resembles debate, but the ...

s and developed the mystical doctrine of "ethical self-awareness of the spirit" as "the supreme and fundamental value." In his work directed against

Marxism Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis. It uses a dialectical and materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to analyse class relations, social conflict, ...

, Hammacher holds the idea that the socialization of the

means of production In political philosophy, the means of production refers to the generally necessary assets and resources that enable a society to engage in production. While the exact resources encompassed in the term may vary, it is widely agreed to include the ...

and

materialism Materialism is a form of monism, philosophical monism according to which matter is the fundamental Substance theory, substance in nature, and all things, including mind, mental states and consciousness, are results of material interactions. Acco ...

are contrary to the laws of morality.Большая советская энциклопедия (1-е издание): т. XIV (1929), стлб. 493
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Works

Books

* Der Charakter der Notstandshandlung vom rechtsphilosophischen und legislativen Standpunkte. Diss. Leipzig 1907
Die philosophischen Entwicklungsbedingungen des Marxismus, Bonn, 1908

Das philosophisch-ökonomische System des Marxismus, Lpz., 1909

Die Bedeutung der Philosophie Hegels für die Gegenwart. Lpz., 1911
;
Hauptfragen der modernen Kultur. Lpz.—B., 1914

Articles

Zur Würdigung des "wahren" Sozialismus. in: Archiv für die Geschichte des Sozialismus und der Arbeiterbewegung / Hrsg. Carl Grünberg. - Leipzig, 1 (1911), p. 41-100
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References

20th-century German philosophers 20th-century mystics 20th-century German writers 1885 births 1916 deaths German military personnel killed in World War I {{Germany-philosopher-stub