Electroviscous effects, in chemistry of

colloid A colloid is a mixture in which one substance consisting of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is suspended throughout another substance. Some definitions specify that the particles must be dispersed in a liquid, while others exten ...

s and

surface chemistry Surface science is the study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases, including solid–liquid interfaces, solid– gas interfaces, solid–vacuum interfaces, and liquid– gas interfaces. It includes the f ...

, according to an

IUPAC The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC ) is an international federation of National Adhering Organizations working for the advancement of the chemical sciences, especially by developing nomenclature and terminology. It is ...

definition, are the effects of the particle

surface charge Surface charge is a two-dimensional surface with non-zero electric charge. These electric charges are constrained on this 2-D surface, and surface charge density, measured in coulombs per square meter (C•m−2), is used to describe the charge dis ...

viscosity The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to deformation at a given rate. For liquids, it corresponds to the informal concept of "thickness": for example, syrup has a higher viscosity than water. Viscosity quantifies the inte ...

of a fluid. Viscoelectric is an effect by which an electric field near a charged

interface Interface or interfacing may refer to: Academic journals * ''Interface'' (journal), by the Electrochemical Society * '' Interface, Journal of Applied Linguistics'', now merged with ''ITL International Journal of Applied Linguistics'' * '' Int ...

influences the structure of the surrounding fluid and affects the viscosity of the fluid. Kinematic viscosity of a fluid, η, can be expressed as a function of

electric potential The electric potential (also called the ''electric field potential'', potential drop, the electrostatic potential) is defined as the amount of work energy needed to move a unit of electric charge from a reference point to the specific point in ...

gradient ( electric field),

\vec E

, by an equation in the form:

\eta=\eta_0 \left(1+ f\, \lVert \rVert^\right)

where f is the viscoelectric coefficient of the fluid. The value of f for water (ambient temperature) has been estimated to be (0.5–1.0) × 10⁻¹⁵ V⁻² m².Robert J. Hunter and J. V. Leyendekkers, "Viscoelectric coefficient for water", J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 1978, 74, 450-455.

References

{{Reflist Surface science

See also

References