The El Molino Formation is a
Maastrichtian
The Maastrichtian ( ) is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) geologic timescale, the latest age (geology), age (uppermost stage (stratigraphy), stage) of the Late Cretaceous epoch (geology), Epoch or Upper Cretaceous series (s ...
geologic
formation
Formation may refer to:
Linguistics
* Back-formation, the process of creating a new lexeme by removing or affixes
* Word formation, the creation of a new word by adding affixes
Mathematics and science
* Cave formation or speleothem, a secondary ...
pertaining to the
Puca Group of central Bolivia. The formation comprises fine-grained
sandstone
Sandstone is a Clastic rock#Sedimentary clastic rocks, clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of grain size, sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate mineral, silicate grains, Cementation (geology), cemented together by another mineral. Sand ...
s and sandy
limestone
Limestone is a type of carbonate rock, carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material Lime (material), lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different Polymorphism (materials science) ...
s with
stromatolite
Stromatolites ( ) or stromatoliths () are layered Sedimentary rock, sedimentary formation of rocks, formations (microbialite) that are created mainly by Photosynthesis, photosynthetic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria, sulfate-reducing micr ...
s deposited in a shallow marine to
lacustrine
A lake is often a naturally occurring, relatively large and fixed body of water on or near the Earth's surface. It is localized in a basin or interconnected basins surrounded by dry land. Lakes lie completely on land and are separate from t ...
environment. The formation has provided fossils of ''
Dolichochampsa minima'',
[Buffetaut, 1987] and
ichnofossil
A trace fossil, also called an ichnofossil (; ), is a fossil record of biological activity by lifeforms, but not the preserved remains of the organism itself. Trace fossils contrast with body fossils, which are the fossilized remains of part ...
s of
Ankylosauria indet.,
Ornithopoda indet.,
Theropoda indet. and
Titanosauridae indet.[Lockley et al., 2002, p.389] The tracksite of
Cal Orcko is the best known example of the ichnofossil locations of the formation. The ichnofossil of ''
Ligabueichnum bolivianum'' may be attributed to an ankylosaur.
[Leonardi, 1994, p.39] The fossil fish species ''
Dasyatis molinoensis'' is named after the formation.
Fossil content
Other fossils retrieved from the formation are:
Pajcha Pata
at Fossilworks
Fossilworks was a portal which provides query, download, and analysis tools to facilitate access to the Paleobiology Database, a large relational database assembled by hundreds of paleontologists from around the world.
History
Fossilworks was cr ...
.org
* '' Coelodus toncoensis''
* '' Dagetella sudamericana''
* '' Dasyatis branisai'', '' D. molinoensis'', '' D. schaefferi''
* ''Gasteroclupea branisai
''Gasteroclupea'' is a genus of prehistoric ellimmichthyiform fish that is distantly related to modern anchovies and herrings. It contains one species, ''G. branisai''. It inhabited freshwater or estuarine habitats across South America during th ...
''
* '' Ischyrhiza hartenbergeri''
* '' Latinopollia suarezi''
* '' Lepidotyle enigmatica''
* '' Ligabueichnum bolivianum''[
* '' Noterpeton bolivianum''
* '' Phaerodusichthys taverni''
* '' Pucabatis hoffstetteri''
* '' Pucapristis branisi''
* '' Stephanodus minimus''
* '' Lepidosiren cf. paradoxa''
* '' Andinichthys sp.''
* '' Ceratodus sp.''
* '' Enchodus sp.''
* '' Lepisosteus sp.''
* '' Pucalithus sp.''][Leonardi, 1994, p.40]
* '' Rhineastes sp.''
* '' Santosius sp.''
* Anura indet.
* Coelurosauria indet.
* Crocodylia indet.
* Dryolestidae indet.
* Eutheria indet.
* cf. Cyprinodontiformes indet.
* Gymnophiona indet.
* Heterotidinae indet.
* ?Madtsoiidae indet.
* Podocnemididae indet.
* Pycnodontidae indet.
* Sauropoda indet.
* Siluriformes indet.
* Tetragonopterinae indet.
See also
* List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Bolivia
This is a list of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Bolivia.
__NOTOC__
List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units
See also
*
* Gomphothere fossils in Bolivia
* South American land mammal ages
* List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units ...
* List of stratigraphic units with dinosaur tracks
Indeterminate or unspecified dinosaur tracks
Ornithischians
Saurischians
Theropods
Sauropodomorphs
See also
List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
This list of dinosaur-bearing rock formations is a list of geologic formations in wh ...
** List of stratigraphic units with theropod tracks
The following tables list the global geological sites where tracks of theropod dinosaurs have been found, together with the proper names of the rock formations (stratigraphic units) that contain them.
Non-avian theropods
Avialans
See also
...
* Cajones Formation
* Chaunaca Formation
* La Puerta Formation
* Toro Toro Formation
References
Bibliography
*
*
* {{citation , last1=Lockley , first1=M.G. , last2=Schulp , first2=A.S. , last3=Meyer , first3=C.A. , last4=Leonardi , first4=G. , last5=Mamani , first5=D.K. , year=2002 , title=Titanosaurid trackways from the Upper Cretaceous of Bolivia: evidence for large manus, wide-gauge locomotion and gregarious behaviour , url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222695396 , journal=Cretaceous Research
''Cretaceous Research'' is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier. The journal focuses on topics dealing with the Cretaceous period and the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary.
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abst ...
, volume=23 , issue=3 , pages=383–400 , doi=10.1006/cres.2002.1006 , bibcode=2002CrRes..23..383L , accessdate=2019-03-03
Geologic formations of Bolivia
Upper Cretaceous Series of South America
Cretaceous Bolivia
Maastrichtian Stage of South America
Sandstone formations
Limestone formations
Lacustrine deposits
Shallow marine deposits
Ichnofossiliferous formations
Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of South America
Paleontology in Bolivia
Formations
Formations
Formations