El Borma () is a town and commune, which is coextensive with El Borma District, in

Algeria Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered to Algeria–Tunisia border, the northeast by Tunisia; to Algeria–Libya border, the east by Libya; to Alger ...

. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 3,250, up from 1,997 in 1998 and an annual population growth rate of 4.9%, the second highest in the province. The town is located on the border with

Tataouine Governorate Tataouine ( '; ) is the southernmost of the twenty-four governorates of Tunisia, the only one to border both Algeria and Libya. It is also the largest, covering an area of 38,889 km2. It had a population of 149,453 (at the 2014 census), nearl ...

Tunisia Tunisia, officially the Republic of Tunisia, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia also shares m ...

Geography

El Borma is located amidst the vast

sand dunes A dune is a landform composed of wind- or water-driven sand. It typically takes the form of a mound, ridge, or hill. An area with dunes is called a dune system or a dune complex. A large dune complex is called a dune field, while broad, flat ...

of the

Grand Erg Oriental The Grand Erg Oriental (English: 'Great Eastern Sand Sea') is a large ''Erg (landform), erg'' or "field of sand dunes" in the Sahara Desert. Situated for the most part in Sahara Desert, Saharan lowlands of northeast Geography of Algeria, Algeria, t ...

in eastern Algeria. The location is notable for its underground

petroleum Petroleum, also known as crude oil or simply oil, is a naturally occurring, yellowish-black liquid chemical mixture found in geological formations, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons. The term ''petroleum'' refers both to naturally occurring un ...

reservoirs.

Climate

El Borma has a

hot desert climate The desert climate or arid climate (in the Köppen climate classification ''BWh'' and ''BWk'') is a dry climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation. The typically bald, rocky, or sandy surfaces in desert ...

(

Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...

''BWh'') with long, extremely hot summers and short, warm winters. The climate is similar to the one of

Ouargla Ouargla (Berber: Wargrən, ) is the capital city of Ouargla Province in the Sahara Desert in southern Algeria. It has a flourishing petroleum industry and hosts one of Algeria's universities, the University of Ouargla. The commune of Ouargla had ...

. Daytime temperatures are soaring during summer months as they consistently turn around 45 °C (113 °F) between June and September.

Economy

El Borma's economy is supported by the

industry, due to the oil fields in the area. Grazing is also significant, although limited because of the marginal plant life in the area. Agriculture is currently unfeasible due to the lack of sufficient water supplies.

Transportation

El Borma is an isolated town, with no significant settlements or major roads nearby. A local road leads west to

Hassi Messaoud Hassi Messaoud () is a town in Ouargla Province, eastern Algeria, located southeast of Ouargla. As of 2008 it had a population of 45,147 people, up from 40,360 in 1998, and an annual population growth rate of 1.1%, the lowest in the province. O ...

about to the west, and branches off to the south, reaching

Ghadames Ghadames or Ghadamis ( Ghadamsi: ⵄⴰⴷⴻⵎⴻⵙ / ''Ɛadēməs'' �adeːməs , ) is an oasis town in the Nalut District of the Tripolitania region in northwestern Libya. Ghadamès, known as 'the pearl of the desert', stands in an oa ...

Libya Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya border, the east, Sudan to Libya–Sudan border, the southeast, Chad to Chad–L ...

and

Debdeb Debdeb is a border town and commune of In Amenas District, Illizi Province, Algeria, situated on the country's border with Libya. It had a population of 4,341 as of the 2008 census. Located in the middle of the Sahara, Debdeb has a hot deser ...

Illizi Province Illizi () is a large province (''wilaya'') in the south-eastern corner of Algeria named after its eponymous seat. It borders Ouargla Province to the north, Tunisia to the extreme northeast, Libya to the east, Djanet Province to the south and, ...

about to the south. The town is served by

El Borma Airport El Borma is an airport serving the El Borma town and its oil fields in Tunisia. See also *Transport in Tunisia Tunisia has a number of international airports to service its sizable tourist trade. Tunis is the center of the transport system ...

Education

1.6% of the population has a tertiary education (the lowest in the province), and another 3.5% has completed secondary education. The overall literacy rate is 42.6%, and is 54.7% among males and 28.5% among females. All three rates are the lowest in the province.

Localities

The commune is composed of eight localities: * El Borma *

Rhoud El Baguel Rhourde El Baguel is a village in the commune of El Borma, in El Borma District, Ouargla Province, Algeria. The village is located southeast of Hassi Messaoud and southeast of the provincial capital Ouargla Ouargla (Berber: Wargrən, ) is th ...

* El Masder * Bordj Saïf Fatima * Bordj Bir El Djedid * Bordj Bir Larache * Keskassa * Erg Yagoub

References

Notes

Neighbouring towns and cities

{{Ouargla Province Communes of Ouargla Province Districts of Ouargla Province Ouargla Province