El Borma () is a town and
commune, which is coextensive with El Borma District, in
Algeria
Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered to Algeria–Tunisia border, the northeast by Tunisia; to Algeria–Libya border, the east by Libya; to Alger ...
. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 3,250,
up from 1,997 in 1998 and an annual population growth rate of 4.9%, the second highest in the province.
The town is located on the border with
Tataouine Governorate,
Tunisia
Tunisia, officially the Republic of Tunisia, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia also shares m ...
.
Geography
El Borma is located amidst the vast
sand dunes of the
Grand Erg Oriental in eastern Algeria. The location is notable for its underground
petroleum
Petroleum, also known as crude oil or simply oil, is a naturally occurring, yellowish-black liquid chemical mixture found in geological formations, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons. The term ''petroleum'' refers both to naturally occurring un ...
reservoirs.
Climate
El Borma has a
hot desert climate
The desert climate or arid climate (in the Köppen climate classification ''BWh'' and ''BWk'') is a dry climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation. The typically bald, rocky, or sandy surfaces in desert ...
(
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...
''BWh'') with long, extremely hot summers and short, warm winters. The climate is similar to the one of
Ouargla. Daytime temperatures are soaring during summer months as they consistently turn around 45 °C (113 °F) between June and September.
Economy
El Borma's economy is supported by the
petroleum
Petroleum, also known as crude oil or simply oil, is a naturally occurring, yellowish-black liquid chemical mixture found in geological formations, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons. The term ''petroleum'' refers both to naturally occurring un ...
industry, due to the oil fields in the area. Grazing is also significant, although limited because of the marginal plant life in the area. Agriculture is currently unfeasible due to the lack of sufficient water supplies.
Transportation
El Borma is an isolated town, with no significant settlements or major roads nearby. A local road leads west to
Hassi Messaoud about to the west, and branches off to the south, reaching
Ghadames in
Libya
Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya border, the east, Sudan to Libya–Sudan border, the southeast, Chad to Chad–L ...
and
Debdeb in
Illizi Province about to the south.
The town is served by
El Borma Airport.
Education
1.6% of the population has a tertiary education (the lowest in the province), and another 3.5% has completed secondary education. The overall literacy rate is 42.6%, and is 54.7% among males and 28.5% among females. All three rates are the lowest in the province.
Localities
The commune is composed of eight localities:
* El Borma
*
Rhoud El Baguel
* El Masder
* Bordj Saïf Fatima
* Bordj Bir El Djedid
* Bordj Bir Larache
* Keskassa
* Erg Yagoub
References
Notes
Neighbouring towns and cities
{{Ouargla Province
Communes of Ouargla Province
Districts of Ouargla Province
Ouargla Province