was a
samurai
The samurai () were members of the warrior class in Japan. They were originally provincial warriors who came from wealthy landowning families who could afford to train their men to be mounted archers. In the 8th century AD, the imperial court d ...
during the
Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868.
The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars ...
, and an interpreter of Dutch and English. He studied English under Dutch merchants and
Ranald MacDonald
Ranald MacDonald (February 3, 1824 – August 24, 1894) was the first native English-speaker to teach the English language in Japan, including educating Einosuke Moriyama, one of the chief interpreters to handle the negotiations between C ...
. He was called upon to assist shogunate officials during the "Manhattan Incident" of 1845, during which the American whaling ship
''Manhattan'' approached
Edo
Edo (), also romanized as Jedo, Yedo or Yeddo, is the former name of Tokyo.
Edo, formerly a (castle town) centered on Edo Castle located in Musashi Province, became the '' de facto'' capital of Japan from 1603 as the seat of the Tokugawa shogu ...
to repatriate 22 castaway Japanese seamen.
As Chief Dutch Interpreter, he was later one of the chief men involved in the negotiations with
Commodore Perry in regard to the
opening of Japan
]
The Perry Expedition (, , "Arrival of the Black Ships") was a diplomatic and military expedition in two separate voyages (1852–1853 and 1854–1855) to the Tokugawa shogunate () by warships of the United States Navy. The goals of this expedit ...
to the outside world.
Samuel Wells Williams
Samuel Wells Williams (September 22, 1812 – February 16, 1884) was a linguist, official, missionary and sinologist from the United States in the early 19th century.
Early life
Williams was born in Utica, New York, son of William Williams (1 ...
, a member of Perry's second visit noted in 1854:
Notes
See also
*
Nakahama Manjirō
, also known as John Manjirō (or John Mung), was a Japanese samurai and translator who was one of the first Japanese people to visit the United States and an important translator during the Bakumatsu, opening of Japan.*
He was a fisherman bef ...
Samurai
1820 births
1872 deaths
Interpreters
19th-century Japanese translators
Members of the First Japanese Embassy to Europe
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