''Eguchi'' (江口) is a
Noh play of the third category, written by
Zeami, around a fragment (the courtesan’s sermon) by
Kan'ami. The play combines two legends, one related of the holy man Shōkū (concerning the identity of the courtesan of Mura with the bodhisattva Fugen) and the other related of the monk Saigyō: (the admonishment of the courtesan of Eguchi).
Plot summary
A travelling monk arrives by night at the port of Eguchi. Seeing a cairn, he enquires about its origin and is told that it commemorates the Lady of Eguchi, a former courtesan and poetess, who was subsequently considered to be a manifestation of a
bodhisattva
In Buddhism, a bodhisattva ( ; sa, 𑀩𑁄𑀥𑀺𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀯 (Brahmī), translit=bodhisattva, label=Sanskrit) or bodhisatva is a person who is on the path towards bodhi ('awakening') or Buddhahood.
In the Early Buddhist schoo ...
, specifically Fugen Bosatsu, Bodhisattva of Universal Virtue.
During a rainstorm, the 12th-century monk
Saigyō
was a famous Japanese people, Japanese Japanese poetry, poet of the late Heian period, Heian and early Kamakura period.
Biography
Born in Kyoto to a noble family, he lived during the traumatic transition of power between the old court nobles a ...
had asked for shelter at her house, but was refused entry. He reproached her with an impromptu poem, complaining that “you are stingy/even with the night I ask of you,/a place in your soon-left inn” Her devastating reply hinged on a Buddhist interpretation of the words "a moment's refuge": “It’s because I heard/you’re no longer bound to life/as a householder/that I’m loath to let you get attached/to this inn of brief, bought stays”. She then admitted him, and engaged in a long conversation. In ''
The Unfettered Mind'', ''Z''en Buddhist monk
Takuan Sōhō cites this encounter to illustrate the importance that the "mind not be detained".
The travelling monk thoughtfully recites Saigyō's poem to himself, and is overheard by a passing woman, who asks him to follow it with the courtesan’s reply. She tells the monk not to believe the gossip about her; when she vanishes they realise that she is, in fact, the ghost of the courtesan of Eguchi.
A villager then tells them the story of Shōkū, who longed to worship the living Fugen, and was directed in a dream to seek the Lady of Eguchi.
Fascinated, the monk begins to repeat a sutra by her grave. A boat, brightly moonlit, appears, bearing the Lady along with two singing girls. They sing of the unhappiness of mortals ensnared in illusion and condemned to be reborn. In conclusion, they remind the monk that "all things are a moment's refuge"; the Lady reveals her identity as Fugen, and ascends into the clouds.
Later references
*
Basho’s haiku on sleeping under the same roof as a pair of concubines is thought to refer back to Saigyō's
tanka
is a genre of classical Japanese poetry and one of the major genres of Japanese literature.
Etymology
Originally, in the time of the ''Man'yōshū'' (latter half of the eighth century AD), the term ''tanka'' was used to distinguish "short poem ...
, and to the play built around it.
[Matsuo Basho, ''Basho’s Narrow Road'' (1998) p. 149]
See also
*''
Saigyōzakura''
*''
The Priest and the Willow''
*''
Matsuyama tengu''
*''
Sankashū
''Sankashū'' (山家集, , “Collection of a Mountain Home”) is a collection of poems by Saigyō, most probably made by the poet himself, and issued c.1180.
Dating
Because the collection contains no poems from the last decade of Saigyō's lif ...
''
References
{{Reflist, 2}
Further reading
*Royall Tyler. ''Japanese Nō Dramas.'' Penguin, London, 1992.
External links
Saigyo in three Japanese No play
Noh plays
Buddhist plays">Noh plays">Saigyo in three Japanese No play
Noh plays
Buddhist plays
Plays set in the 12th century