Edward Stanley Kellogg (August 20, 1870 – January 8, 1948) was a

United States Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare, maritime military branch, service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is the world's most powerful navy with the largest Displacement (ship), displacement, at 4.5 millio ...

Captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader or highest rank officer of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police depa ...

who served as the

governor of American Samoa This is a list of Governor (United States), governors, etc. of the part of the Samoan Islands (now comprising American Samoa) under United States administration since 1900. From 1900 to 1978 governors were appointed by the Federal government o ...

. Kellogg graduated from the

United States Naval Academy The United States Naval Academy (USNA, Navy, or Annapolis) is a United States Service academies, federal service academy in Annapolis, Maryland. It was established on 10 October 1845 during the tenure of George Bancroft as United States Secre ...

in 1892 and joined the Naval Engineer Corps. He served as an assistant engineer on numerous ships and participated in the

Spanish–American War The Spanish–American War (April 21 – August 13, 1898) was fought between Restoration (Spain), Spain and the United States in 1898. It began with the sinking of the USS Maine (1889), USS ''Maine'' in Havana Harbor in Cuba, and resulted in the ...

. He retired in 1920, and became governor three years later, making him only one of two Naval Governors of American Samoa to hold the office following retirement from the service. As Governor, Kellogg asserted the authority of the

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over the tribal chiefs of the islands. He removed the title of

Tu'i Manu'a The title Tui Manuʻa was the title of the ruler or paramount chief of the Manuʻa Islands in present-day American Samoa. The Tuʻi Manuʻa Confederacy, or Samoan Empire, are descriptions sometimes given to Samoan expansionism and projected ...

from Chris Young, claiming it implied king-like authority over the people of American Samoa. He also removed Chief Tui Manu'a from power, resulting in widespread protest among the islands' people. Kellogg died at the

National Naval Medical Center National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

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and was buried at

Arlington National Cemetery Arlington National Cemetery is the largest cemetery in the United States National Cemetery System, one of two maintained by the United States Army. More than 400,000 people are buried in its 639 acres (259 ha) in Arlington County, Virginia. ...

Life

ANCExplorer Edward Stanley Kellogg grave

Kellogg was born on August 20, 1870, in Morrisania, Bronx. He died on January 8, 1948, at the

Bethesda, Maryland Bethesda () is an unincorporated, census-designated place in southern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. Located just northwest of Washington, D.C., it is a major business and government center of the Washington metropolitan region ...

. He was buried at

on January 12, 1948.

Naval career

Kellogg was appointed to the

from

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...

on May 18, 1888, graduating on June 3, 1892. In 1894, he became an assistant engineer in the Naval Engineer Corps. He served on before being transferred to on April 26, 1895. As a

lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a Junior officer, junior commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations, as well as fire services, emergency medical services, Security agency, security services ...

, he served on . During the

, Kellogg was the assistant engineer aboard . In 1920, he retired from the Navy with the rank of

captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader or highest rank officer of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police depa ...

Governorship

Kellogg took the office of

Governor of American Samoa This is a list of Governor (United States), governors, etc. of the part of the Samoan Islands (now comprising American Samoa) under United States administration since 1900. From 1900 to 1978 governors were appointed by the Federal government o ...

on September 4, 1923, and served until March 17, 1925. As governor, he prohibited certain native death ceremonies, imposing a small fine and imprisonment on those who continued to practice the customs. Along with John Martin Poyer, Kellogg is one of only two Naval Governors of American Samoa who served in the office following retirement from the Navy. He came into some dispute with Chris Young, a man elected as

, or king, of

American Samoa American Samoa is an Territories of the United States, unincorporated and unorganized territory of the United States located in the Polynesia region of the Pacific Ocean, South Pacific Ocean. Centered on , it is southeast of the island count ...

by several chiefs. Kellogg argued that the idea was incompatible with the

Constitution of the United States The Constitution of the United States is the Supremacy Clause, supreme law of the United States, United States of America. It superseded the Articles of Confederation, the nation's first constitution, on March 4, 1789. Originally includi ...

and denied Young the title. Kellogg also dealt with the removal of Chief Tui Manu'a and his placement under house arrest, after other Samoan chiefs called him a "disturbing influence". Inaccurate rumors were spread that Kellogg had banished him from the islands, causing widespread protest and declarations that he was ruling as a despot.

Bibliography

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kellogg, Edward Stanley 1870 births 1948 deaths Governors of American Samoa United States Naval Academy alumni American military personnel of the Spanish–American War People from Morrisania, Bronx Burials at Arlington National Cemetery Military personnel from New York City