Edward K. Barsky

Edward K. "Eddie" Barsky (June 6, 1895 – February 11, 1975) was an American surgeon and political activist. Barsky is best remembered as the head of the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee, a Communist Party-sponsored organization which raised funds to aid refugees from the regime of Spanish strongman Francisco Franco in the late 1930s during the Spanish Civil War. In the 1950s Barsky became a cause célèbre as a victim of McCarthyism when he was imprisoned for refusing to provide information to the House Un-American Activities Committee.

Background

Edward K. Barsky, known to his friends as "Eddie," was born in Manhattan, New York City, on June 6, 1895. His father and both brothers were doctors. He attended the public schools of the city, graduating from Townsend Harris High School.Phillip Deery, ''Red Apple: Communism and McCarthyism in Cold War New York.'' New York: Empire State Editions/Fordham University Press, 2014; pg. 13. He was the son of a surgeon at Beth Israel Hospital in New York City. Barsky attended City College of New York and graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University in 1919. He also studied medicine in Berlin, Vienna, and Paris.

Career

In 1921, Barsky began his own internship at Beth Israel Hospital in New York City; in 1931, he was made an Associate Surgeon at Beth Israel Hospital in 1931.

Spanish Civil War

With the outbreak civil war in Spain in 1936, Barsky left Beth El Hospital joined with a group of concerned New York physicians to establish the American Medical Bureau to Aid Spanish Democracy (AMB) -- an adjunct organization to the North America Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy, later known as the North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy. The AMB arranged for the shipment of ambulances and other medical equipment and supplies, and in January 1937 sent a fully outfitted medical team of doctors, nurses, and technicians to Spain with Barsky at the helm.

Barsky sailed for Spain on January 16, 1937, arriving early the next month with enough equipment to furnish a 50-bed hospital."Edward K. Barsky: Biography,"
Abraham Lincoln Brigade Archives, www.alba-valb.org/ There he served with the Republican Medical Service in various American Hospitals. Barsky returned to US from Spain to be appointed Surgeon General of International Sanitary Service. Supporters of his efforts included Albert Einstein, Dr. Walter B. Cannon of Harvard Medical School, and Dr. James B. Peters of Yale Medical School.

After the defeat of the Republican force, Barsky returned to the US, arriving in August 1938.

Postwar

Barsky was called to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) on February 13, 1946, where he refused to turn over the books, ledgers, and other financial documents of the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee, as was demanded.Haig A. Bosmajian, ''The Freedom Not to Speak.'' New York: New York University Press, 1999; pg. 1. As a result, Barsky was charged with contempt of Congress, brought to trial for his willful defiance of Congressional subpoena, and sentenced to six months in prison. Ernest Hemingway tried to help him fight the conviction.

In 1952 he worked on behalf of the American Labor Party and its candidate for President of the United States for the Progressive Party in the 1952 presidential election, Vincent Hallinan. During the 1960s, Barsky was active with the Medical Committee for Human Rights, which provided emergency medical services for civil rights and peace movement workers in the South. He was also affiliated with the New York labor movement, working for many years as a security plan panel physician for District Council 65.

Barsky was a consulting surgeon at Beth Israel Hospital at time of death.

Personal life and death

Barsky married Vita; they had a daughter.

Edward K. Barsky died age 78 on February 11, 1975, in Manhattan, New York City.

Legacy

Barsky's papers are housed as part of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade Archives at Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Archives at New York University in New York City.Jessica Weglein
"Guide to the Edward K. Barsky Papers: Descriptive Summary,"
Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Archives, New York University, 2014. The Barsky material encompasses 2.5 linear feet of material, housed in five archival boxes, and is open to researchers without restriction. Included in this material is an undated manuscript of a memoir by Barsky entitled "Someone Had to Help."Deery, ''Red Apple,'' pg. 116, fn. 8.

See also

* American Medical Bureau
* Veterans of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade

References

Sources

Photo of Barsky
* Jane Pacht Brickman, "Medical McCarthyism and the Punishment of Internationalist Physicians in the United States," in Anne-Emanuelle Birn and Theodore M. Brown (eds.), ''Comrades in Health: US Health Internationalists, Abroad and at Home.'' New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2013; pp. 82–100.
* Peter N. Carroll, ''The Odyssey of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade: Americans in the Spanish Civil War.'' Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1994.
* Walter J. Lear, "American Medical Support for Spanish Democracy, 1936-1938," in Anne-Emanuelle Birn and Theodore M. Brown (eds.), ''Comrades in Health: US Health Internationalists, Abroad and at Home.'' New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2013; pp. 65–81.
* Joseph North, "A Case for the Doctor," ''New Masses,'' August 19, 1947, pp. 8–9.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Barsky, Edward K.
1895 births
1975 deaths
American prisoners and detainees
Physicians from New York City
City College of New York alumni
Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons alumni
American surgeons
Members of the Communist Party USA
People convicted of contempt of Congress