Edward Ernest Green
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Edward Ernest Green (20 February 1861 – 2 July 1949) was a Ceylon-born English
mycologist Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and ...
and
entomologist Entomology (from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (''éntomon''), meaning "insect", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study") is the branch of zoology that focuses on insects. Those who study entomology are known as entomologists. In ...
who specialised in the scale-insects, Coccidae. An accomplished artist, and lithographer, he illustrated the five volume ''Coccidae of Ceylon''.


Biography

Edward was born in
Colombo Colombo, ( ; , ; , ), is the executive and judicial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka by population. The Colombo metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of 5.6 million, and 752,993 within the municipal limits. It is the ...
,
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...
to Jane Mary née Akers (d. 1863) and John Philip Green who owned coffee and tea plantations in Ceylon. His paternal grandfather Philip James Green was Consul-General for Ceylon. An uncle, Staniforth Green was a partner of the German planter and entomologist John Nietner and had hosted
Ernst Haeckel Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel (; ; 16 February 1834 – 9 August 1919) was a German zoologist, natural history, naturalist, eugenics, eugenicist, Philosophy, philosopher, physician, professor, marine biology, marine biologist and artist ...
and corresponded with entomologists like J.O. Westwood. After schooling at Charterhouse, Edward returned to the family plantations at Pundaluoya in 1880 and became familiar with the ravages of ''
Hemileia vastatrix ''Hemileia vastatrix'' is a multicellular basidiomycete fungus of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) that causes coffee leaf rust (CLR), a disease affecting the coffee plant. Coffee serves as the obligate host of ...
'' and '' Coccus viridis'' which were to cause the end of coffee cultivation in Ceylon. He met Harry Marshall Ward who was in Ceylon to study the coffee rust and conducted his own studies on '' Coccus viridis'' which he published in 1886 and wrote another influential paper on the ''Insect Pests of Tea'' in 1890. Around the same time, he went to study under T.H. Huxley at the Royal College of Science in Kensington. Returning to Ceylon he was later invited by the Planters' Association to visit estates and provide advice. This led to travel around Ceylon and Southern India, although this was entirely voluntary and this led to him being appointed "honorary entomologist" of Ceylon in 1897. In 1899 he was made a Government Entomologist with his office in the Royal Botanical Gardens, Peradeniya. He retired and moved to England in 1913. He moved to Camberley where he lived in Way's End and continued his research on scale insects of which he had made a large collection. Green was awarded the Barclay Medal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1901. Green served as a president of the Royal Entomological Society of London in 1923-24 and as a vice-president (1915, 1925). He married Edith Mary, daughter of Alfred Burnaby Antram in 1891 and they had two sons and a daughter. His specimen collections were donated to the Natural History Museum (BMNH) after he feared damage from bombing during the Second World War. The collection donated in 1940 included 6505 slides and 2172 boxes of dry specimens. He died in
Camberley Camberley is a town in north-west Surrey, England, around south-west of central London. It is in the Surrey Heath, Borough of Surrey Heath and is close to the county boundaries with Hampshire and Berkshire. Known originally as "Cambridge Tow ...
in 1949.


Contributions to entomology

Green's major writings include ''The Coccidae of Ceylon'', that was published by Dulau & Co. in London (five volumes 1896–1922), as well as over 200 other papers. The originals of his paintings are in the Natural History Museum in London. Green's collection of
Heteroptera The Heteroptera are a group of about 40,000 species of insects in the order Hemiptera. They are sometimes called "true bugs", though that name more commonly refers to the Hemiptera as a whole. "Typical bugs" might be used as a more unequivocal al ...
from Ceylon is in the Indian Museum in Calcutta. His Microlepidoptera and
Coleoptera Beetles are insects that form the Taxonomic rank, order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Holometabola. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 40 ...
from Ceylon are in the
Natural History Museum A natural history museum or museum of natural history is a scientific institution with natural history scientific collection, collections that include current and historical records of animals, plants, Fungus, fungi, ecosystems, geology, paleo ...
in London. Green collected specimens of various other taxa which were sent to experts in England and Europe. The frog species '' Fejervarya greenii'' was named after him by G.A. Boulenger in 1905 while a dragonfly ''Platysticta greeni'' was named after him by Kirby in 1891. A mite genus ''Greenia'' was named in his honour by A.C. Oudemans in 1902, however this is now treated as a synonym of '' Dinogamasus''. The type species ''Greenia perkinsi'' was described as a symbiont found in the
acarinarium An acarinarium is a specialized anatomical structure which is evolved to facilitate the retention of mites on the body of an organism, typically a bee or a wasp. The term was introduced by Walter Karl Johann Roepke. Evolution The acarinarium has ...
of ''Xylocopa tenuiscapa''. Orthezia insignis Green.jpg, ''Orthezia insignis'' Monophlebus furcatus Green.jpg , ''Monophlebus furcatus'' Ceroplastes_rubens_Green.jpg, ''Ceroplastes rubens''


References


External links


The Coccidae of Ceylon (scanned volumes)
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Green, Edward Ernest English entomologists 1861 births 1949 deaths British expatriates in British Ceylon