Edward Cardwell (178723 May 1861) was an

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national id ...

theologian Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing th ...

also noted for his contributions to the study of English

church history __NOTOC__ Church history or ecclesiastical history as an academic discipline studies the history of Christianity and the way the Christian Church has developed since its inception. Henry Melvill Gwatkin defined church history as "the spiritual ...

. In addition to his scholarly work, he filled various administrative positions in the

University of Oxford The University of Oxford is a collegiate research university in Oxford, England. There is evidence of teaching as early as 1096, making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the world's second-oldest university in contin ...

Life

Cardwell was born at

Blackburn Blackburn () is an industrial town and the administrative centre of the Blackburn with Darwen borough in Lancashire, England. The town is north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley, east of Preston and nort ...

Lancashire Lancashire ( , ; abbreviated Lancs) is the name of a Historic counties of England, historic county, Ceremonial County, ceremonial county, and non-metropolitan county in North West England. The boundaries of these three areas differ significa ...

. He was educated at

Brasenose College, Oxford Brasenose College (BNC) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. It began as Brasenose Hall in the 13th century, before being founded as a college in 1509. The library and chapel were added in the m ...

(B.A. 1809; M.A. 1812; B.D. 1819; D.D. 1831), and after being for several years tutor and lecturer, was appointed, in 1814, one of the examiners to the university. In 1825, Cardwell was chosen

Camden Professor of Ancient History The Camden Professorship of Ancient History at the University of Oxford was established in 1622 by English antiquary and historian William Camden, Clarenceux King of Arms, and endowed with the income of the manor of Bexley, becoming the first a ...

and held the chair for 35 years, the longest of any occupant to date. In 1831, he succeeded Archbishop Whately as principal of

St Alban Hall St Alban Hall, sometimes known as St Alban's Hall or Stubbins, was one of the medieval halls of the University of Oxford, and one of the longest-surviving. It was established in the 13th century, acquired by neighbouring Merton College in the ...

(later merged with

Merton College Merton College (in full: The House or College of Scholars of Merton in the University of Oxford) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. Its foundation can be traced back to the 1260s when Walter de Merton, ...

). Cardwell was one of the best men of business in the university, and held various important posts, among which were those of delegate of the press, curator of the university galleries, manager of the Bible department of the press, and private secretary to successive chancellors of the university. He established the Wolvercot paper mill. Cardwell died at

Oxford Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the Un ...

on 23 May 1861.

Works

Cardwell's major works were in the field of English

. He planned an extensive work on the entire synodical history of the church in England, which was to be based on

David Wilkins David Wilkins may refer to: * David H. Wilkins (born 1946), American politician and ambassador * David Wilkins (sailor) (born 1950), Irish sailor * David Wilkins (orientalist) (1685–1745), Prussian orientalist * David B. Wilkins, American law prof ...

's ''Concilia Magnae Britanniae et Hiberniae''. He carried out some portions only. The first published was ''Documentary Annals of the Reformed Church of England from 1546 to 1716'', which appeared in 1839. It was followed by a ''History of Conferences, etc.'', connected with the ''Revision of the Book of Common Prayer'' (1840). On 1842 appeared ''Synodalia, a Collection of Articles of Religion, Canons, and Proceedings of Convocation from 1547 to 1717'', completing the series for that period. Closely connected with these works is the ''Reformatio Legum Ecclesiasticarum'' (1850), which treats of the efforts for reform during the reigns of

Henry VIII Henry VIII (28 June 149128 January 1547) was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is best known for his six marriages, and for his efforts to have his first marriage (to Catherine of Aragon) annulled. His disagr ...

Edward VI Edward VI (12 October 1537 – 6 July 1553) was King of England and King of Ireland, Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death in 1553. He was crowned on 20 February 1547 at the age of nine. Edward was the son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour ...

, and

Elizabeth I Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs and is sometimes referred to as the "Virgin Queen". Eli ...

. During his tenure as Camden Professor, Cardwell published editions of the "Ethics" of

Aristotle Aristotle (; grc-gre, Ἀριστοτέλης ''Aristotélēs'', ; 384–322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical Greece, Classical period in Ancient Greece. Taught by Plato, he was the founder of the Peripatet ...

(Oxford, 1828) and his course of ''Lectures on the Coinage of the Greeks and Romans'' (Oxford, 1832). The lectures present only an outline of their subject, but Cardwell distinguishes himself from many of his predecessors in the Camden chair by his critical approach to the evidence. He published in 1837 a students' edition of the

Greek Testament (''The New Testament in Greek'') is a critical edition of the New Testament in its original Koine Greek, forming the basis of most modern Bible translations and biblical criticism. It is also known as the Nestle–Aland edition after its mos ...

, and an edition of the

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

and

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power ...

texts of the History of the Jewish War, by

Josephus Flavius Josephus (; grc-gre, Ἰώσηπος, ; 37 – 100) was a first-century Romano-Jewish historian and military leader, best known for '' The Jewish War'', who was born in Jerusalem—then part of Roman Judea—to a father of priestly d ...

, with illustrative notes. Cardwell also published in 1854 a new edition of Bishop Gibson's ''Synodus Anglicana''.

Notes

References

* * Erickson, Arvel B. "Edward T. Cardwell: Peelite," ''Transactions of the American Philosophical Society,'' 49 Part 2 (1959), pp. 5-103. * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Cardwell, Edward 1787 births 1861 deaths English theologians 19th-century English historians Alumni of Brasenose College, Oxford Principals of St Alban Hall, Oxford Papermakers People from Blackburn Camden Professors of Ancient History