''Echinodontium'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

fungi A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...

in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Echinodontiaceae The Echinodontiaceae are a family of crust fungi in the order Russulales. Species of this family, divided amongst two genera—'' Echinodontium'' and '' Laurilia''—have a widespread distribution, although they are especially predominant in nort ...

. The genus was published by American mycologist

Job Bicknell Ellis Job Bicknell Ellis (January 21, 1829 – December 30, 1905) was a pioneering North American mycologist known for his study of ascomycetes, especially the grouping of fungi called the Pyrenomycetes (known today as the Sordariomycetes). Born and ...

in 1900, who described it thus: "Differs from ''

Hydnum ''Hydnum'' is a genus of fungi in the family Hydnaceae. They are notable for their unusual spore-bearing structures of teeth rather than Lamella (mycology), gills. The best known are the Edible mushroom, edible species ''Hydnum repandum'' and ''H ...

'' in the thick, woody pileus of ''

Fomes ''Fomes'' is a genus of perennial woody fungi in the family Polyporaceae. Species are typically hoof-shaped (ungulate). New growth each season is added to the margin, resulting in a downward extension of the hymenium. This often results in a zo ...

'' and the teeth beset with spines, as in '' Mucronophorus'' and ''

Hymenochaete ''Hymenochaete'' is a genus of fungi in the family Hymenochaetaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in tropical regions. The name probably means ''long-haired membrane'' from the Greek ''hymen'' meaning ''membrane'' and ''ch ...

''". The

type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...

, '' Echinodontium tinctorium'', is commonly known as the "indian paint fungus" owing to its traditional use for

bodypainting Body painting is a form of body art where artwork is painted directly onto the human skin. Unlike tattoos and other forms of body art, body painting is temporary, lasting several hours or sometimes up to a few weeks (in the case of mehndi or "he ...

Species

*'' Echinodontium ballouii'' (Banker) H.L.Gross (1964) –

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

(USA) *'' Echinodontium japonicum'' Imazeki (1935) – Japan *'' Echinodontium ryvardenii'' Bernicchia & Piga (1998) – Italy *'' Echinodontium tinctorium'' (Ellis & Everh.) Ellis & Everh. (1900) – western North America *'' Echinodontium tsugicola'' (Henn. & Shirai) Imazeki (1935) – Japan

References

External links

* Russulales Russulales genera Taxa named by Benjamin Matlack Everhart Taxa named by Job Bicknell Ellis {{Russulales-stub