Brayim Younisi Baneh (1926 – February 8, 2012; ,, , alternatively spelled Ibrahim Younisi or Ebrahim Younesi or Brayim Khan) was an

Iranian Iranian () may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Iran ** Iranian diaspora, Iranians living outside Iran ** Iranian architecture, architecture of Iran and parts of the rest of West Asia ** Iranian cuisine, cooking traditions and practic ...

Kurdish Kurdish may refer to: *Kurds or Kurdish people *Kurdish language ** Northern Kurdish (Kurmanji) **Central Kurdish (Sorani) **Southern Kurdish ** Laki Kurdish *Kurdish alphabets *Kurdistan, the land of the Kurdish people which includes: **Southern ...

writer, novelist, and translator.

Biography

Brayim was born in Bana (

Baneh Baneh () is a city in the Central District of Baneh County, Kurdistan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Baneh is approximately 30 km (18 miles) from Kurdistan Region in Iraq. History Historica ...

) in Kurdistan province, Iran. He translated 81 books, mostly from English and a few from French literature into

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

. He has also authored more than 10 books. Although he was writing in Persian language, many of his books have been written in the

Sorani Kurdish Central Kurdish, also known as Sorani Kurdish, is a Kurdish language, Kurdish dialect or a language spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the provinces of Kurdistan Province, Kurdistan, Kermanshah province, Kermanshah, and West A ...

context and topics. In 1949 in Tehran he went to military school and became a lieutenant. After

Mohammad Mosaddegh Mohammad Mosaddegh (, ; 16 June 1882 – 5 March 1967) was an Iranian politician, author, and lawyer who served as the 30th Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 to 1953, elected by the 1950 Iranian legislative election, 16th Majlis. He was a membe ...

was overthrown in a coup d'état in 1955 he was fired from the Iranian army and sentenced to death. However, he was forgiven and eventually spent 8 years in jail under the Pahlavi regime (Shah). After jail he went to a higher school of economy and received a doctorate of philosophy from the Sorbonne in 1978 in Economy.

Autobiography

Brayim wrote an autobiography in 2005, collecting memories from the beginning of his life, and marking challenging issues in his life in a beautifully written novel called ''Winter and no spring after'' (). In his book, he described the way of living for

Kurdish people Kurds (), or the Kurdish people, are an Iranian peoples, Iranic ethnic group from West Asia. They are indigenous to Kurdistan, which is a geographic region spanning southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northeastern Syri ...

in the 1920s in his hometown in Bane which is a very small town hidden in the beautiful

Zagros The Zagros Mountains are a mountain range in Iran, northern Iraq, and southeastern Turkey. The mountain range has a total length of . The Zagros range begins in northwestern Iran and roughly follows Iran's western border while covering much of s ...

Mountains. Using memories in the book can also track events in the 20th century in Iran.

Lifetime activities

He started his first translation about half a century ago by translating the novel ''Great Expectations'' from

Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens (; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English novelist, journalist, short story writer and Social criticism, social critic. He created some of literature's best-known fictional characters, and is regarded by ...

. He introduced many of the most important novels from western literature for the first time into Persian: ''Literature and Western man'' by Priestley, John Boynton and ''Aspects of the Novel'' by

E. M. Forster Edward Morgan Forster (1 January 1879 – 7 June 1970) was an English author. He is best known for his novels, particularly '' A Room with a View'' (1908), ''Howards End'' (1910) and '' A Passage to India'' (1924). He also wrote numerous shor ...

. However his writings are not only limited to literature. He also published books in history and politics. His very important publications on the Kurds and Kurdistan are among the most respected books in Kurdology. For example: ''A Modern History of the Kurds: Third Edition'' by David McDowall and
KURDS TURKS & ARABS
' by C. J. Edmonds. Another strength of Brayim is his own written novels, many of which have been published multiple times in Iran. The images he has created in his book
''Stranger Cemetery''
and (''A Pray For the Ārman'') are remarkable in the Kurdish and Iranian novel writings history. His death on 7 February 2012, almost on the same day as 200th birthday anniversary of

is noticeable, while he translated a few of his books such as ''

A Tale of Two Cities ''A Tale of Two Cities'' is a historical novel published in 1859 by English author Charles Dickens, set in London and Paris before and during the French Revolution. The novel tells the story of the French Doctor Manette, his 18-year-long impr ...

''.

Political life

He was the first governor of the Kurdistan province in Iran's first government after the

Iranian Revolution The Iranian Revolution (, ), also known as the 1979 Revolution, or the Islamic Revolution of 1979 (, ) was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Impe ...

of 1979 in

Mehdi Bazargan Mehdi Bazargan (; 1 September 1907 – 20 January 1995) was an Iranian scholar, academic, long-time pro-democracy activist and head of Interim government of Iran, 1979, Iran's interim government. One of the leading figures of Iranian Revolutio ...

's cabinet.

Publication

Books

Writings

# , ''Honar-e dāstān-nevisi'' (1962) # , ''Gurestān-e gharib'' (1979, novel) # , ''Deldāde-hā'' (1993, novel) # , ''Do'ā barāye Ārman'' (1998, novel) # , ''Mādaram do bār gerist'' (1998, novel) # , ''Xoš āmadi'' (2002, novel) # , ''Zemestān-e bi-bahār'' (2003, novel) # , ''Šekoftan-e bāgh'' (2004, novel) # , ''Anduh-e šab-e bi-pāyān'' # , ''Dādā Širin / Dāda Širin'' (novel) # , ''Jang-e sāye-hā va yek dāstān-e digar'' # , ''Kaj-kolāh va kowli'' (novel) # , ''Ro'yā be ro'yā''

Translations

# آرزوهای بزرگ - چارلز دیکنز ( ۱۳۳۶) # ادبیات آفریقا # تاریخ ادبیات یونان - رز هربرت جنینگز # تکیه‌گاه - درایز تودور # قیام شیخ سعید پیران - اولسن رابرت # کردها و کردستان - درک کینان # تاریخ معاصر کرد # جنبش ملی کرد - کریس کوچرا کرد شناس فرانسوی # هنر نمایشنامه نویسی # طوفان - ویلیام شکسپیر # جنبه‌های رمان # اگر بیل استریت زبان داشت # کردها ترکها عربها - سیسل جی ادموندز # یک جفت چشم آبی - توماس هاردی # به دور از مردم شوریده - تامس هاردی # جود گمنام - تامس هاردی # موسیقی و سکوت - رز تره مین # بازگشت بومی - تامس هاردی # گشتی در کردستان ترکیه - شرین لیزر # مردی که خورشید را در دست داشت - جک ریموند جونز # مسله کرد و روابط ایران و ترکیه - السن رابرت # با این رسوایی چه بخشایشی - رندل جاناتان # علامتچی - چارلز دیکنز # داستان دو شهر - چارلز دیکنز # چارلز دیکنز - هاردی باربارا # دفتر یادداشت روزانه یک نویسنده - فئودور میخایلویچ داستایفسکی # کردها - مصطفی نازدار # اسپارتاکوس - فاست هوارد # جامعه‌شناسی مردم کرد (آغا، شیخ و دولت) - مارتین وان براینِسِن # جنبش ملی کرد - کریس کوچرا # زندگانی و عقاید آقای تریسترام شندی - استرن لارنس # دست تکیده - تامس هاردی # تاریخ اجتماعی هنر - هاوز آرنولد # سیری در ادبیات غرب - پریستلی، جان بوینتن # تاریخ ادبیات روسیه - میرسکی سی دی # میراث شوم - گیسینگ جورج (۱۳۷۱) # لینمارا، عشق و آرزو - گاسکین کاترین # زن شیشه‌ای # آشیان عقاب - هون کنستانس # تامس هاردی - لویس سی دی

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Younisi, Brayim 1926 births 2012 deaths Iranian Kurdish people Persian-language writers English–Persian translators People from Baneh Tudeh Party of Iran members Tudeh Military Network members Iranian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Iran Political prisoners in Iran