Karl Eberhard Zwicker (15 January 1924, in Öhringen,

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

– 22 November 1990, in Icking) was a German acoustics scientist and full professor at the

Technical University of Munich The Technical University of Munich (TUM or TU Munich; ) is a public research university in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. It specializes in engineering, technology, medicine, and applied and natural sciences. Established in 1868 by King Ludwig II ...

. Zwicker studied

physics Physics is the scientific study of matter, its Elementary particle, fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge whi ...

and

electrical engineering Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems that use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the l ...

at the

University of Stuttgart The University of Stuttgart () is a research university located in Stuttgart, Germany. It was founded in 1829 and is organized into 10 faculties. It is one of the oldest technical universities in Germany with programs in civil, mechanical, ind ...

and was an assistant of . In 1967 he was appointed full professor of the newly founded Institute for Electro-Acoustics of the

. Zwicker developed a method for the computation of loudness, which became a German standard, DIN 45631. Zwicker, together with Richard Feldtkeller, was author of the standard work for psychoacoustics ''Das Ohr als Nachrichtenempfänger.'' (The Ear as Message Receiver). In 1964, at

Bell Labs Nokia Bell Labs, commonly referred to as ''Bell Labs'', is an American industrial research and development company owned by Finnish technology company Nokia. With headquarters located in Murray Hill, New Jersey, Murray Hill, New Jersey, the compa ...

, he discovered the Zwicker tone auditory illusion.

Literature

*''Die Grenzen der Hörbarkeit der Amplituden- und Frequenzmodulation von Tönen und ihre Berücksichtigung in der Übertragungstechnik und der Hörphysiologie''. Dissertation, Stuttgart 1952 *''Die elementaren Grundlagen zur Bestimmung der Informationskapazität des Gehörs''. In: ''Acustica''. Band 6, 1956, S. 365–381, Habilitationsschrift, 1956 *with Richard Feldtkeller: ''Das Ohr als Nachrichtenempfänger''. Hirzel, Stuttgart 1956; 2. Auflage, Hirzel, Stuttgart 1967 *with Ernst Terhardt als Herausgeber: ''Facts and models in hearing. Proceedings of the Symposium on Psychophysical Models and Physiological Facts in Hearing. Held at Tutzing, Oberbayern, April 22–26, 1974''. Springer, Berlin .a.1974 *''Psychoakustik''. Springer, Berlin .a.1982, *with Manfred Zollner: ''Elektroakustik''. Springer, Berlin .a.1984, ; 3. Springer, Berlin .a.1993, *with Hugo Fastl: ''Psychoacoustics. Facts and models''. Springer, Berlin .a.1990, ; 3. Auflage, Springer, Berlin .a.2007, *''Karl Eberhard Zwicker. 15.1.1924 – 22.11.1990. Feldpostbriefe aus dem Zweiten Weltkrieg an seine Eltern Wilhelm und Luise Zwicker und seinen Bruder Ulrich''. Bis, Univ., Oldenburg 1993, *DIN 45631, ''Berechnung des Lautstärkepegels aus dem Geräuschspektrum''. Verfahren nach Eberhard Zwicker *Herman A. O. Wilms
''In Memoriam. Eberhard Zwicker''
In: ''J. Audio Eng. Soc.'' Band 39, Nr. 3, März 1991, S. 199–200

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Zwicker, Eberhard German acoustical engineers People from Öhringen Academic staff of the Technical University of Munich 1924 births 1990 deaths Engineers from Baden-Württemberg