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European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The u ...
(EU) has undertaken a number of overseas missions and operations, drawing on civilian and
military A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a d ...
capabilities, in several countries across three continents (Europe, Africa and Asia), as part of its
Common Security and Defence Policy The Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) is the European Union's (EU) course of action in the fields of defence and crisis management, and a main component of the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). The CSDP involves the de ...
(CSDP). The operation or mission in question will work in agreement and coordination with the EU delegations, until 2009 known as the ''European Security and Defence Policy'' (ESDP).


Classification

In the EU terminology, civilian CSDP interventions are called 'missions', regardless of whether they have an executive mandate such as EULEX Kosovo or a non-executive mandate (all others). Civilian missions include uniformed personnel such as Police and Gendarmerie, but not military personnel. Military interventions, however, can either have an executive mandate such as for example
Operation Atalanta Operation Atalanta, formally European Union Naval Force (EU NAVFOR) Somalia, is an ongoing counter-piracy military operation at sea off the Horn of Africa and in the Western Indian Ocean, that is the first naval operation conducted by the ...
in which case they are referred to as 'operations' and are commanded at two-star level; or non-executive mandate (e.g. EUTM Somalia) in which case they are called 'missions' and are commanded at one-star level.


Deployment procedure

The decision to deploy – together with any subsequent management of – the mission or operation in question, will ultimately be taken by the EU
member states A member state is a state that is a member of an international organization or of a federation or confederation. Since the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) include some members that are not sovereign states ...
in the
Foreign Affairs Council The Foreign Affairs Council (FAC) is a configuration of the Council of the European Union that convenes once a month. Meetings bring together the foreign ministers of the member states. Ministers responsible for European affairs, defence, developm ...
(FAC). Military operations may be launched after four planning phases, through which the Operation Commander (Op. Cdr.),
Military Staff A military staff or general staff (also referred to as army staff, navy staff, or air staff within the individual services) is a group of officers, enlisted, and civilian staff who serve the commander of a division or other large militar ...
(EUMS), Military Committee (EUMC),
Political and Security Committee The Political and Security Committee (PSC; sometimes referred to by its French ''COPS'' acronym derived from ''Comité politique et de sécurité'') is a permanent body within the European Union dealing with Common Foreign and Security Policy is ...
(PSC) and
Council A council is a group of people who come together to consult, deliberate, or make decisions. A council may function as a legislature, especially at a town, city or county/shire level, but most legislative bodies at the state/provincial or natio ...
have different roles.


Command and control structure


List of ongoing missions


List of past missions


See also

Related topics of the
Common Security and Defence Policy The Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) is the European Union's (EU) course of action in the fields of defence and crisis management, and a main component of the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). The CSDP involves the de ...
: * Operations of the European Border and Coast Guard *
Defence forces of the European Union This article outlines the defence forces of the European Union (EU), which implement the EU's Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) in CSDP missions. There are two categories of EU multinational forces: ones that have been established interg ...
*
History of the Common Security and Defence Policy This article outlines the history of the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) of the European Union (EU), a part of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). The post-war period saw several short-lived or ill-fated initiatives for E ...
Operations and exercises of the precursors of the Common Security and Defence Policy * Missions of the Western European Union * Exercises of the Western Union Operations and exercises of the multinational forces made available to the CSDP in accordance with article 42.3 of the
Treaty on European Union The Treaty on the European Union (2007) is one of the primary Treaties of the European Union, alongside the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The TEU forms the basis of EU law, by setting out general principles of the EU's ...
: * List of operations of the European Maritime Force * List of operations of the European Rapid Operational Force * List of missions of the European Gendarmerie Force * List of exercises of the European Maritime Force * List of operations of the European Corps Missions and exercises of other organisations: * List of missions of the United Nations * List of operations of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation * List of exercises of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation


Notes


References


External links


List of CSDP missions''EU Civilian and Military Missions 2003-14''
London School of Economics The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), established in 1895, is a public research university in London, England, and a member institution of the University of London. The school specialises in the social sciences. Founded ...

PhD Thesis on Civilian CSDP – EU Civilian crisis management (University of Geneva, 2008, 441 p. in French)
* Benjamin Pohl (2013
The logic underpinning EU crisis management operations
''European Security'', 22(3): 307–325
DOI:10.1080/09662839.2012.726220
* European Centre of Excellence for Civilian Crisis Managementbr>European Centre of Excellence for Civilian Crisis Management
{{Common Security and Defence Policy/missions
European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The u ...
Missions
European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The u ...