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ERG theory is a theory in psychology proposed by Clayton Alderfer.
Alderfer further developed
A Theory of Human Motivation
original 1943 article by Maslow. Human development Interpersonal relationships Organizational behavior Personal development Personal life Developmental psychology Motivational theories Happiness Stage theories Psychological concepts Positive psychology
Alderfer further developed Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is an idea in psychology proposed by American psychologist Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in the journal ''Psychological Review''. Maslow subsequently extended the idea to include his o ...
by categorizing the hierarchy into his ERG theory ( Existence, Relatedness and Growth). The existence category is concerned with the need for providing the basic material existence requirements of humans. The relatedness category is concerned about the desire for maintaining important interpersonal relationships. The growth category is concerned about the desire for personal development
Personal development or self improvement consists of activities that develop a person's capabilities and potential, build human capital, facilitate employability, and enhance quality of life and the realization of dreams and aspirations. Persona ...
. These include the intrinsic component from Maslow's esteem category and the characteristics included under self-actualization.
Alderfer categorized Maslow's physiological needs and Maslow's safety needs into the existence category, Maslow's social needs and Maslow's extrinsic component of self-esteem needs into the relatedness category, and Maslow's intrinsic component of self-esteem needs and Maslow's self-actualization needs into the growth category. Alderfer also proposed a progression and regression theory to go along with the ERG theory: he said that when needs in a lower category are satisfied, an individual will invest more efforts in the higher category, and when needs in a higher category are frustrated, an individual will invest more efforts in the lower category. For example if self-esteem
Self-esteem is confidence in one's own worth or abilities. Self-esteem encompasses beliefs about oneself (for example, "I am loved", "I am worthy") as well as emotional states, such as triumph, despair, pride, and shame. Smith and Mackie (2007) d ...
or self-actualization is not met then an individual will invest more effort in the relatedness category in the hopes of achieving the higher need.
Publication
This theory was published originally in the journal ''Organizational Behavior and Human Performance''.See also
* Engel's law, an economic model for how well basic needs are met *John Curtis Gowan
John Curtis Gowan (May 21, 1912 – December 2, 1986) was a psychologist who studied, along with E. Paul Torrance, the development of creative capabilities in children and gifted populations.
Life
John Curtis Gowan was born May 21, 1912 in Bosto ...
* Juan Antonio Pérez López, spontaneous and rational motivation
* Manfred Max-Neef's Fundamental human needs The taxonomy of the fundamental human needs, and the ways in which these needs can be satisfied is developed by Manfred Max-Neef. This taxonomy is based on his work on Human Scale Development, and was published for the first time in 1986.
Developm ...
* Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is an idea in psychology proposed by American psychologist Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in the journal ''Psychological Review''. Maslow subsequently extended the idea to include his o ...
* Metamotivation
* Murray's psychogenic needs
* Need theory
* Need
References
{{Reflist, 30emExternal links
A Theory of Human Motivation
original 1943 article by Maslow. Human development Interpersonal relationships Organizational behavior Personal development Personal life Developmental psychology Motivational theories Happiness Stage theories Psychological concepts Positive psychology