materials engineering
Materials science is an Interdisciplinarity, interdisciplinary field of researching and discovering materials. Materials engineering is an engineering field of finding uses for materials in other fields and industries.
The intellectual origi ...
neutron diffraction
Neutron diffraction or elastic neutron scattering is the application of neutron scattering to the determination of the atomic and/or magnetic structure of a material. A sample to be examined is placed in a beam of Neutron temperature, thermal or ...
to determine the spacing between layers of atoms in order to measure elastic strain, and thus residual stress deep within
crystal
A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituents (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions. In addition, macros ...
line materials. In other words, it uses the atomic lattice planes as an 'atomic strain gauge'. Internal and residual stress in materials have a considerable effect on material properties, including fatigue resistance, fracture
toughness
In materials science and metallurgy, toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing.strength.
Applications
* measurement of residual stress in engineering components
* in situ studies of thermomechanical processing of engineering relevant materials
* studies of displacive phase transformations under stress, temperature and electric field
* rock deformation studies
* non-destructive examination of manufacture processes in historical and archaeological artefacts