Manley & Associates was an independent software developer, founded in 1982, which developed or ported over 70 video games, multimedia, and

educational entertainment Educational entertainment, also referred to by the portmanteau edutainment, is media designed to educate through entertainment. The term has been used as early as 1933. Most often it includes content intended to teach but has incidental entert ...

titles which were published by other companies, including

Electronic Arts Electronic Arts Inc. (EA) is an American video game company headquartered in Redwood City, California. Founded in May 1982 by former Apple Inc., Apple employee Trip Hawkins, the company was a pioneer of the early home computer game industry ...

Activision Activision Publishing, Inc. is an American video game publisher based in Santa Monica, California. It serves as the publishing business for its parent company, Activision Blizzard, and consists of several subsidiary studios. Activision is one o ...

Disney The Walt Disney Company, commonly referred to as simply Disney, is an American multinational mass media and entertainment industry, entertainment conglomerate (company), conglomerate headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios (Burbank), Walt Di ...

GameTek GameTek was an American video game publisher based in North Miami Beach, Florida, known for publishing video game adaptations of game shows in the late 1980s and early 1990s. GameTek was a trade name for IJE, the owner of electronic publishing ri ...

, Publishing International, and

Spectrum HoloByte Spectrum HoloByte, Inc. was an American video game developer and publisher. The company, founded in 1983, was known for its simulation games, notably the ''Falcon'' series of combat flight simulators, and for publishing the first version of ''Te ...

. Many of the company's early games were one or two person projects created in founder Ivan Manley's house, but eventually it grew to roughly 60 people working from an office park in

Issaquah, Washington Issaquah ( ) is a city in King County, Washington, United States. The population was 40,051 at the 2020 census. Located in a valley and bisected by Interstate 90, the city is bordered by the Sammamish Plateau to the north and the " Issaquah ...

. In the mid-1990s, Manley & Associates ported some games for Electronic Arts and was subsequently acquired by EA in 1996. Explaining the decision to sell the company to EA, Ivan Manley said that in order to invest in newer technologies, Manley & Associates had to either become a publisher or merge with an established publisher. The studio was relocated to neighboring

Bellevue, Washington Bellevue ( ) is a city in the Eastside (King County, Washington), Eastside region of King County, Washington, United States, located across Lake Washington from Seattle. It is the third-largest city in the Seattle metropolitan area, and the f ...

and renamed Electronic Arts Seattle. EA Seattle closed in 2002 and EA moved half the people to

EA Vancouver EA Vancouver (formerly known as EA Burnaby, then EA Canada) is a Canadian video game developer located in Burnaby, British Columbia. The development studio opened as Distinctive Software in January 1983, and is also Electronic Arts's largest a ...

, the rest were fired.

Games developed

;As Manley & Associates *'' Hometown, U.S.A.'' (1988) (MS-DOS, Mac, Apple II, Apple IIGS, C64, Amiga, FMTowns) *'' Pharaoh's Revenge'' (1988) (Apple II, C64, MS-DOS) *'' The Third Courier'' (1989) *''

Xenocide ''Xenocide'' (first published in 1991) is the third book in the Ender's Game series, a science fiction series by the American author Orson Scott Card. It was first published during a period of increasing globalization and heightened awareness ...

'' (1990) (MS-DOS), port *'' Ninja Gaiden II: The Dark Sword of Chaos'' (1991) (Amiga, MS-DOS), port *'' Are We There Yet?'' (1991) (MS-DOS) *''

Home Alone ''Home Alone'' is a 1990 American Christmas comedy film The comedy film is a film genre that emphasizes humor. These films are designed to amuse audiences and make them laugh. Films in this genre typically have a happy ending, with dar ...

'' (1991) (Amiga, MS-DOS) *'' An American Tail: The Computer Adventures of Fievel and His Friends'' (1992) (MS-DOS) *'' Paperboy 2'' (1992) (Game Gear), port *'' Home Alone 2: Lost in New York'' (1993) (MS-DOS) *'' Super Conflict'' (1993) (SNES) *''

The Wizard of Oz ''The Wizard of Oz'' is a 1939 American Musical film, musical fantasy film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). Based on the 1900 novel ''The Wonderful Wizard of Oz'' by L. Frank Baum, it was primarily directed by Victor Fleming, who left pro ...

'' (1993) (SNES) *''

Pink Goes to Hollywood ''Pink Goes to Hollywood'' is a Pink Panther themed platform game published in 1993 for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and Sega Genesis by TecMagik. The two releases were developed independently by different companies: the Genesis vers ...

'' (1993) (SNES) *'' DinoPark Tycoon'' (1993) (MS-DOS, Mac, 3DO) *''

Wolf The wolf (''Canis lupus''; : wolves), also known as the grey wolf or gray wolf, is a Canis, canine native to Eurasia and North America. More than thirty subspecies of Canis lupus, subspecies of ''Canis lupus'' have been recognized, includin ...

'' (1994) (MS-DOS) *'' WildSnake'' (1994) (SNES), designed externally *'' King Arthur & the Knights of Justice'' (1995) (SNES) *''

Lion The lion (''Panthera leo'') is a large Felidae, cat of the genus ''Panthera'', native to Sub-Saharan Africa and India. It has a muscular, broad-chested body (biology), body; a short, rounded head; round ears; and a dark, hairy tuft at the ...

'' (1995) (MS-DOS) ;As EA Seattle *''

Need for Speed II ''Need for Speed II'' is a 1997 racing video game released for PlayStation (console), PlayStation and Microsoft Windows. It is a part of the Need for Speed, ''Need for Speed'' series and is the second installment, following ''The Need for Speed' ...

'' (1997) *'' Need for Speed III: Hot Pursuit'' (1998) *'' Need for Speed: High Stakes'' (1999) *'' Championship Bass'' (2000) *''

Motor City Online ''Motor City Online'' was a racing massively multiplayer online video game released by Electronic Arts on October 29, 2001. The point of the game was to buy classic cars (mostly American muscle cars) ranging from 1930s to 1970s models, tune them ...

'' (2001) *'' Matt Hayes' Fishing'' (2002) *'' Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit 2'' (2002)(PC)

References

1982 establishments in Washington (state) 2002 disestablishments in Washington (state) 1996 mergers and acquisitions Video game companies established in 1982 Video game companies disestablished in 2002 Defunct companies based in Washington (state) Electronic Arts subsidiaries Organizations based in Issaquah, Washington Companies based in Bellevue, Washington Defunct video game companies of the United States Video game development companies {{US-videogame-company-stub