Dyadobacter is a genus of
gram negative
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists of ...
rod-shaped bacteria belonging to the family
Spirosomaceae
''Spirosomaceae'' is a family of bacteria in the phylum Bacteroidota
The phylum (biology), phylum Bacteroidota (synonym Bacteroidetes) is composed of three large classes of Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-negative, nonsporeforming, anaerobic or a ...
in the phylum
Bacteroidota
The phylum (biology), phylum Bacteroidota (synonym Bacteroidetes) is composed of three large classes of Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-negative, nonsporeforming, anaerobic or aerobic, and rod-shaped bacteria that are widely distributed in the envir ...
. Typical traits of the genus include yellow colony colour, positive
flexirubin
Flexirubin is the main pigment in the bacteria genera '' Flexibacter'', ''Flavobacterium'', '' Chryseobacterium'', and ''Cytophaga''.Reichenbach, H., W. Kohl, et al. (1980). ''FLEXIRUBIN-TYPE PIGMENTS IN FLAVOBACTERIUM''. Archives of Microbiology ...
test and non-motile behaviours. They possess an anaerobic metabolism (
oxidase
In biochemistry, an oxidase is an oxidoreductase (any enzyme that catalyzes a redox reaction) that uses dioxygen (O2) as the electron acceptor. In reactions involving donation of a hydrogen atom, oxygen is reduced to water (H2O) or hydrogen peroxid ...
positive), can utilise a broad range of carbon sources, and test positive for
peroxide catalase activity. The type species is ''Dyadobacter fermentans'', which was isolated from surface sterilised maize leaves, (apparently named after its ability to ferment glucose and fructose).
Species of ''Dyadobacter'' have been isolated from a diverse range of environments worldwide, including glacial ice, seawater and factories, however a large number of the currently described species belonging to the genus ''Dyadobacter'' have been isolated from soil communities. Several studies observing the microbiome associated with plants have identified ''Dyadobacter'' species. These studies have recognized ''Dyadobacter'' strains from microbiomes of corn, potato, canola, wheat and ''Arabidopsis thaliana''. In some cases, ''Dyadobacter'' isolates have been shown to be one of the major cohorts of bacteria on plant
phyllosphere
In microbiology, the phyllosphere is the total above-ground surface of a plant when viewed as a habitat for microorganisms.Leveau, Johan H.J. (2006"Microbial communities in the phyllosphere" In: Riederer M. and Müller C. (Eds) ''Biology of the ...
s. It is currently unknown what role ''Dyadobacter'' species play in these plant-associated communities.
Several species of ''Dyadobacter'' have been identified as potentially useful in
bioremediation
Bioremediation broadly refers to any process wherein a biological system (typically bacteria, microalgae, fungi in mycoremediation, and plants in phytoremediation), living or dead, is employed for removing environmental pollutants from air, wate ...
. ''Dyadobacter beijingensis'' was identified in a
hydrocarbonoclastic community of bacteria remediating soil contaminated with crude oil, and Strains of ''D. fermentans'' have been observed degrading 7,8-Benzoquinoline, an azaarene with mutagenic properties.
[Willumsen, P. A., et al. (2005). "Isolation and taxonomic affiliation of N-heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-transforming bacteria." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 67(3): 420-428]
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q26208679
Cytophagia
Bacteria genera