The Beylik of Dulkadir () was one of the
Turkish Anatolian beyliks
Anatolian beyliks (, Ottoman Turkish: ''Tavâif-i mülûk'', ''Beylik''; ) were Turkish principalities (or petty kingdoms) in Anatolia governed by ''beys'', the first of which were founded at the end of the 11th century. A second and more exte ...
(principality) established by the
Oghuz Turk clans
Bayat,
Afshar, and
Begdili after the decline of
Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm.
Etymology
The meaning of Dulkadir is unclear. It was later Arabized or reinterpreted according to folk tradition as , which means 'powerful' or 'mighty'. According to 16th-century German historian
Johannes Leunclavius, ''Dulkadir'' was a corruption of the Turkic name ''Torghud''.
Franz Babinger considered it very probable, as the name was likely derived from some Turkish name, further suggesting that this would also mean the dynasty of Dulkadir is related to the Turkoman
Turghudlu tribe. On the other hand,
Annemarie von Gabain proposed ''tulga-dar'' () as the original Turkic word it sprang from. According to
Turkologist Louis Bazin, the name may be rooted in the term "dolga," which means "to hurt" or "to agonize". Historian Faruk Sümer suggested that Dulkadir could be the Turkmen pronunciation of the Muslim given name
Abdul Qadir, parallel to how the
Ilkhanate
The Ilkhanate or Il-khanate was a Mongol khanate founded in the southwestern territories of the Mongol Empire. It was ruled by the Il-Khans or Ilkhanids (), and known to the Mongols as ''Hülegü Ulus'' (). The Ilkhanid realm was officially known ...
ruler
Abu Sa'id () was known as "Busad" by his Turkmen subjects. Another historian, Refet Yinanç, supported Sümer's view.
Medieval
Armenian
Armenian may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent
** Armenian diaspora, Armenian communities around the ...
authors referred to the Dulkadirids as , , , , or . While
Persian sources spelled Dulkadir as Zulkadir,
Arabic
Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns lang ...
sources spelled it as Dulgadir or Tulgadir.
Ottoman sources used a combination of Zulkadir and Dulkadir.
History
The principality was founded by
Zayn al-Din Qaraja, a Turkoman chieftain, likely from the
Bayat tribe, who established himself in the region of Elbistan in 1335, taking the town in 1337 and obtaining the title of
na'ib from the
Mamluk Sultan Al-Nasir Muhammad. In 1515, after the
Battle of Turnadağ, the principality was conquered by the
Ottoman Sultan
The sultans of the Ottoman Empire (), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to Dissolution of the Ottoman Em ...
Selim I
Selim I (; ; 10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute (), was the List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. Despite lasting only eight years, his reign is ...
's vizier
Hadım Sinan Pasha and converted into a
sanjak
A sanjak or sancak (, , "flag, banner") was an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans also sometimes called the sanjak a liva (, ) from the name's calque in Arabic and Persian.
Banners were a common organization of nomad ...
.
List of rulers
Genealogy of House of Dulqadir
References
Bibliography
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
{{History of Turkey topics
Anatolian beyliks
Dulkadirids
Former countries in West Asia
History of Kahramanmaraş
History of Adıyaman Province
Vassal states of the Ottoman Empire