Duarte Lobo (c. 1565 – 24 September 1646; Latinized as ''Eduardus Lupus'') was a Portuguese composer of the late

Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) is a Periodization, period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and was characterized by an effort to revive and sur ...

and early

Baroque The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...

. He was one of the most famous Portuguese composers of the time, together with Filipe de Magalhães, Manuel Cardoso, composers who all began their academic studies as students of Manuel Mendes. Along with John IV, King of Portugal, they represent the "golden age" of Portuguese

polyphony Polyphony ( ) is a type of musical texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independent melody, as opposed to a musical texture with just one voice ( monophony) or a texture with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chord ...

Life

Details of his life are sparse. He was born in Alcáçovas, in

Alentejo Alentejo ( , , ) is a geographical, historical, and cultural region of south–central and southern Portugal. In Portuguese, its name means "beyond the Tagus" (). Alentejo includes the regions of Alto Alentejo Province, Alto Alentejo and Bai ...

, southern Portugal. He is known to have been a choir boy at

Évora Évora ( , ), officially the Very Noble and Ever Loyal City of Évora (), is a city and a municipalities of Portugal, municipality in Portugal. It has 53,591 inhabitants (2021), in an area of . It is the historic capital of the Alentejo reg ...

where he subsequently studied with Manuel Mendes. His first position was as '' mestre de capela'' of the cathedral of Évora sometime before 1589, he became ''maestro di cappella'' at the Hospital Real, Lisbon. By 1591 he was appointed as ''mestre de capela'' at the cathedral in Lisbon, a position he held till 1639. This was the most prestigious musical appointment in the country. He also served as director of the Seminary of São Bartolomeu, and was also a professor of music at the 'Colégio do Claustro da Sé' (College at the Holy See Cloisters) in Lisbon, where he taught Manuel Machado. While chronologically his life overlapped with the beginning of the

Baroque music Baroque music ( or ) refers to the period or dominant style of Classical music, Western classical music composed from about 1600 to 1750. The Baroque style followed the Renaissance music, Renaissance period, and was followed in turn by the Class ...

era, he was a rather conservative composer who followed the techniques of the Renaissance masters of the previous generation.

Palestrina Palestrina (ancient ''Praeneste''; , ''Prainestos'') is a modern Italian city and ''comune'' (municipality) with a population of about 22,000, in Lazio, about east of Rome. It is connected to the latter by the Via Prenestina. It is built upon ...

's polyphonic style played a crucial role in his compositions throughout his life.

Recordings

*Portuguese Requiem Masses, Missa pro defunctis. Schola Cantorum of Oxford, Jeremy Summerly.

Naxos Naxos (; , ) is a Greek island belonging to the Cyclades island group. It is the largest island in the group. It was an important centre during the Bronze Age Cycladic Culture and in the Ancient Greek Archaic Period. The island is famous as ...

8.550682 *Duarte Lôbo, Requiem. The Tallis Scholars, Peter Phillips. Gimell CDGIM 028 *Pater Peccavi, Missa Veni Domine. The Marian Consort, Rory McCleery. Delphian DCD34205

Musical opus

*Published by Plantin in Antwerp, his six books of sacred music include

mass Mass is an Intrinsic and extrinsic properties, intrinsic property of a physical body, body. It was traditionally believed to be related to the physical quantity, quantity of matter in a body, until the discovery of the atom and particle physi ...

es, responsories,

antiphon An antiphon ( Greek ἀντίφωνον, ἀντί "opposite" and φωνή "voice") is a short chant in Christian ritual, sung as a refrain. The texts of antiphons are usually taken from the Psalms or Scripture, but may also be freely compo ...

Magnificat The Magnificat (Latin for "y soulmagnifies he Lord) is a canticle, also known as the Song of Mary or Canticle of Mary, and in the Byzantine Rite as the Ode of the Theotokos (). Its Western name derives from the incipit of its Latin text. This ...

s, and

motet In Western classical music, a motet is mainly a vocal musical composition, of highly diverse form and style, from high medieval music to the present. The motet was one of the preeminent polyphonic forms of Renaissance music. According to the Eng ...

Publications

*1602 ''Osuscula'' *1603 ''Officium Defunctorum'' *1605 ''Cantica Beatae Virginis'' (16 ''Magnificat'' for four voices) *1621 ''Liber Missarum I'' (eight-voice Requiem) *1639 ''Liber Missarum II'' (six-voice Requiem, Missa Vox clamantis)

References

*Guy Bourligeuex: "Duarte Lôbo", ''

The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'' is an encyclopedic dictionary of music and musicians. Along with the German-language '' Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart'', it is one of the largest reference works on the history and t ...

'', ed. Stanley Sadie. 20 vol. London, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1980. *Owen Rees: "Lôbo, Duarte", '' The Oxford Companion to Music'', ed. Alison Latham. Oxford University Press, 2003. *

Gustave Reese Gustave Reese ( ; November 29, 1899 – September 7, 1977) was an American musicologist and teacher. Reese is known mainly for his work on medieval and Renaissance music, particularly with his two publications ''Music in the Middle Ages'' (1940 ...

, ''Music in the Renaissance''. New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1954.
Duarte Lobo
*Allmusic.com, biographies.

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lobo, Duarte 1560s births 1646 deaths Renaissance composers Portuguese Baroque composers 16th-century Portuguese people 17th-century Portuguese composers People from Viana do Alentejo 17th-century Portuguese classical composers Portuguese male classical composers 17th-century male musicians