The double-deficit
theory
A theory is a rational type of abstract thinking about a phenomenon, or the results of such thinking. The process of contemplative and rational thinking is often associated with such processes as observational study or research. Theories may be s ...
of
dyslexia
Dyslexia, also known until the 1960s as word blindness, is a disorder characterized by reading below the expected level for one's age. Different people are affected to different degrees. Problems may include difficulties in spelling words, r ...
proposes that a
deficit in two essential skills gives rise to the lowest level of reading performances, constituting the most severe form of
dyslexia
Dyslexia, also known until the 1960s as word blindness, is a disorder characterized by reading below the expected level for one's age. Different people are affected to different degrees. Problems may include difficulties in spelling words, r ...
.
Reading ability
The ability to read is believed to depend on two skills:
*
Phonological processing
Phonology is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages or dialects systematically organize their sounds or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs. The term can also refer specifically to the sound or sign system of a ...
skills make up the ability to identify and manipulate sounds in speech.
*
Rapid automatized naming
Rapid automatized naming (RAN) is a task that measures how quickly individuals can name aloud objects, pictures, colors, or
symbols (letters or digits). Variations in rapid automatized naming time in children provide a strong predictor of their lat ...
compose the ability to translate visual information whether of letters, objects or pictures into a phonological code.
References
Special education
Educational psychology
Learning disabilities
Theories of dyslexia
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